Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1966. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Undergraduate honors paper--Mount Holyoke College, 2007. Dept. of English. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-104).

A presente tese analisa a peça We Are Three Sisters - escrita em 2011 pelo poeta e dramaturgo britânico Philip Blake Morrison - com o objetivo de discutir as ligações entre as instâncias do ficcional, do real, do imagético e do biográfico. Morrison utiliza como pano de fundo para a elaboração de We Are Three Sisters o texto As Três Irmãs (1902) do dramaturgo russo Anton Chekhov. Morrison preenche sua peça com dados sobre a vida das irmãs Brontë, como retratados pela historiadora e biógrafa Juliet Barker em The Brontës: Wild Genius on the Moors (2010). Barker, que foi curadora da biblioteca da Brontë Society durante anos, confiou a Morrison os dados de sua pesquisa e o auxiliou a transportá-los para a peça que ele estava escrevendo. Considero importante examinar como se dá esse processo de esgarçamento das fronteiras entre o real e o ficcional através do conteúdo simbólico e imagético, porque ele reflete um tipo de prática cada vez mais utilizada por autores contemporâneos. O diálogo entre a Rússia de Chekhov da virada do século XIX/XX e o cenário (interiorano) do norte (industrial) da Inglaterra no período vitoriano, quando equacionados por Morrison no contexto dos dias de hoje, convidam-nos a traçar considerações que muito têm a nos dizer sobre os parâmetros da dramaturgia contemporânea. Além de serem três grandes autoras do cânone vitoriano, as irmãs Brontë surgem também como ícones culturais britânicos, tantas vezes já representadas como personagens em biografias ficcionais, romances, filmes, balés e peças de teatro. Para escrever sua apropriação da vida das Brontë, Morrison ampara-se na biografia de Juliet Barker, ao mesmo tempo em que utiliza a peça de Chekhov como um texto-sombra, uma matriz que serve como base para sua criação, um andaime em torno do qual constrói seu enredo. O movimento de entrelaçamento de realidade e ficção realizado por Morrison e a produção do conteúdo simbólico através da análise de imagens arquetípicas são o principal foco de interesse desta tese. Escolhi como metodologia de trabalho a aproximação entre os três textos, o de Morrison, o de Barker e o de Chekhov, através de ferramentas dos Estudos do Imaginário, representados pela análise de conteúdos imagéticos nos termos propostos por Gaston Bachelard, Gilbert Durand, Carl Gustav Jung e Castor Bartolomé Ruiz, uma vez que a tese aponta para possibilidades dialógicas entre imagem e palavra dentro dos paradigmas da cena teatral contemporânea. / This PhD dissertation analyzes the play We Are Three Sisters, written in 2011 by the poet and British playwright Philip Blake Morrison, in order to discuss the links between the instances of the fictional, the real, imagery and biography. Morrison uses as a backdrop for the elaboration of We Are Three Sisters the text Three Sisters (1900), by the Russian playwright Anton Chekhov. Morrison fills his play with data on the life of the Brontë sisters, as depicted by the historian and biographer Juliet Barker in The Brontës: Wild Genius on the Moors (2010). Barker, who was for years curator of the library of the Brontë Society, entrusted Morrison data from her research and helped Morrison to transport them to the play he was writing. I consider it important to examine how this process of fraying of the borders between the real and the fictional, through symbolic imagery and content, takes place, because it reflects a kind of practice increasingly used by contemporary authors. The dialogue between the turn of Chekhov’s Russia of the nineteenth/twentieth century and the (countryside) scenario (industrial) north of England in the Victorian period, when equated by Morrison in the context of today, invites us to make some considerations that have much to tell us about the parameters of contemporary dramaturgy. Besides, being three great authors of the Victorian canon, the Brontë sisters also come as British cultural icons, so often represented as characters in fictional biographies, novels, movies, ballets and plays. To write his appropriation of the Brontë’s life, Morrison is supported by Juliet Barker’s biography, while using Chekhov’s play as a shadow text, a matrix which serves as the basis for its creation, a scaffold around which he builds its plot. The intertwining movement of reality and fiction conceived by Morrison and the production of symbolic content through the analysis of archetypical images are the main focus of this PhD dissertation. I chose as a working methodology the approach of the three texts, Morrison’s, Barker’s and Chekhov’s, through the tools of the Studies of the Imaginary, represented by the analysis of imagery content as proposed by Gaston Bachelard, Gilbert Durand, Carl Gustav Jung and Castor Bartolomé Ruiz, since the work points to dialogic possibilities between image and word within the paradigms of the contemporary theater scene.

La siguiente investigación se centra en el estudio de las escenas de escritura de dos autores cuyas obras podemos denominar visionarias, ellos son Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179) y William Blake (1757-1827). El estudio del momento en que estos dos autores pusieron por escrito lo que ellos experimentaron como revelación divina, utilizando diferentes soportes escriturarios, nos lleva a comprender, por una parte, cómo es que concibieron la escritura de revelación, a partir de dos contextos distantes en el tiempo, pero también nos permite realizar un análisis que espera establecer las similitudes existentes entre ambos autores, como depositarios de la tradición visionaria. El estudio de la escena de escritura como tal, que tiene lugar luego de la visión (a la cual ambos se refirieron en varias instancias) pero también de las escenas de escritura presentes en su obra misma -tanto en el texto como en la imagen visual- nos lleva a comprender cómo es que la elaboración escrita (y visual) de las visiones se hace parte fundamental del proceso creativo de la experiencia visionaria y el modo en que la elección de una forma particular de transmisión escrita de las visiones condiciona también una forma de comunicación y recepción por parte de los lectores, la que está íntimamente relacionada con el mensaje que se espera transmitir a través de los textos visionarios.

A presente tese analisa a peça We Are Three Sisters - escrita em 2011 pelo poeta e dramaturgo britânico Philip Blake Morrison - com o objetivo de discutir as ligações entre as instâncias do ficcional, do real, do imagético e do biográfico. Morrison utiliza como pano de fundo para a elaboração de We Are Three Sisters o texto As Três Irmãs (1902) do dramaturgo russo Anton Chekhov. Morrison preenche sua peça com dados sobre a vida das irmãs Brontë, como retratados pela historiadora e biógrafa Juliet Barker em The Brontës: Wild Genius on the Moors (2010). Barker, que foi curadora da biblioteca da Brontë Society durante anos, confiou a Morrison os dados de sua pesquisa e o auxiliou a transportá-los para a peça que ele estava escrevendo. Considero importante examinar como se dá esse processo de esgarçamento das fronteiras entre o real e o ficcional através do conteúdo simbólico e imagético, porque ele reflete um tipo de prática cada vez mais utilizada por autores contemporâneos. O diálogo entre a Rússia de Chekhov da virada do século XIX/XX e o cenário (interiorano) do norte (industrial) da Inglaterra no período vitoriano, quando equacionados por Morrison no contexto dos dias de hoje, convidam-nos a traçar considerações que muito têm a nos dizer sobre os parâmetros da dramaturgia contemporânea. Além de serem três grandes autoras do cânone vitoriano, as irmãs Brontë surgem também como ícones culturais britânicos, tantas vezes já representadas como personagens em biografias ficcionais, romances, filmes, balés e peças de teatro. Para escrever sua apropriação da vida das Brontë, Morrison ampara-se na biografia de Juliet Barker, ao mesmo tempo em que utiliza a peça de Chekhov como um texto-sombra, uma matriz que serve como base para sua criação, um andaime em torno do qual constrói seu enredo. O movimento de entrelaçamento de realidade e ficção realizado por Morrison e a produção do conteúdo simbólico através da análise de imagens arquetípicas são o principal foco de interesse desta tese. Escolhi como metodologia de trabalho a aproximação entre os três textos, o de Morrison, o de Barker e o de Chekhov, através de ferramentas dos Estudos do Imaginário, representados pela análise de conteúdos imagéticos nos termos propostos por Gaston Bachelard, Gilbert Durand, Carl Gustav Jung e Castor Bartolomé Ruiz, uma vez que a tese aponta para possibilidades dialógicas entre imagem e palavra dentro dos paradigmas da cena teatral contemporânea. / This PhD dissertation analyzes the play We Are Three Sisters, written in 2011 by the poet and British playwright Philip Blake Morrison, in order to discuss the links between the instances of the fictional, the real, imagery and biography. Morrison uses as a backdrop for the elaboration of We Are Three Sisters the text Three Sisters (1900), by the Russian playwright Anton Chekhov. Morrison fills his play with data on the life of the Brontë sisters, as depicted by the historian and biographer Juliet Barker in The Brontës: Wild Genius on the Moors (2010). Barker, who was for years curator of the library of the Brontë Society, entrusted Morrison data from her research and helped Morrison to transport them to the play he was writing. I consider it important to examine how this process of fraying of the borders between the real and the fictional, through symbolic imagery and content, takes place, because it reflects a kind of practice increasingly used by contemporary authors. The dialogue between the turn of Chekhov’s Russia of the nineteenth/twentieth century and the (countryside) scenario (industrial) north of England in the Victorian period, when equated by Morrison in the context of today, invites us to make some considerations that have much to tell us about the parameters of contemporary dramaturgy. Besides, being three great authors of the Victorian canon, the Brontë sisters also come as British cultural icons, so often represented as characters in fictional biographies, novels, movies, ballets and plays. To write his appropriation of the Brontë’s life, Morrison is supported by Juliet Barker’s biography, while using Chekhov’s play as a shadow text, a matrix which serves as the basis for its creation, a scaffold around which he builds its plot. The intertwining movement of reality and fiction conceived by Morrison and the production of symbolic content through the analysis of archetypical images are the main focus of this PhD dissertation. I chose as a working methodology the approach of the three texts, Morrison’s, Barker’s and Chekhov’s, through the tools of the Studies of the Imaginary, represented by the analysis of imagery content as proposed by Gaston Bachelard, Gilbert Durand, Carl Gustav Jung and Castor Bartolomé Ruiz, since the work points to dialogic possibilities between image and word within the paradigms of the contemporary theater scene.

Orientador: Luiz Carlos da Silva Dantas / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T10:19:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alves_AndreaLima_D.pdf: 7208057 bytes, checksum: 584c925af827442cf05c62eeae5b38f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: A presente tese buscou averiguar a maneira pela qual texto e ilustração se relacionam nos illuminated books de William Blake, o conjunto de livros escritos e ilustrados pelo próprio artista, principalmente através de uma dessas obras, America, a Prophecy. Apesar de me voltar mais detalhadamente para apenas um de seus livros busquei pelo modo que em geral tal diálogo entre texto e imagens pictóricas se dá em sua obra como um todo, como se atesta em um dos capítulos onde procurei evidenciar as características mais essenciais das linguagens verbal e visual nesse tipo de arte composta criada pelo artista. Estudos que se voltem para essa questão são necessários uma vez que a qualidade das ilustrações de Blake é altamente alegórica e nada óbvia: elas nunca interagem com o texto que ilustram de maneira direta ou indicial apresentando uma cena, situação ou personagem exatamente como aparecem no texto; pelo contrário, geralmente as cenas representadas em suas ilustrações trazem situações e personagens sequer mencionados no texto, demandando do espectador a procura pela analogia possível com o texto a que pertencem para que sua interpretação seja bem lograda. Por causa desse caráter indireto de sua linguagem visual (característica também essencial de sua linguagem verbal) há na presente tese uma discussão sobre os conceitos de símbolo e de alegoria no contexto da obra blakeana / Abstract: This dissertation looks at the nature of the relationship between text and illustration in the illuminated books of William Blake, the set of works written and illustrated by the artist himself, mainly through one of these books, America, a Prophecy. Although attention was focused mainly on only one book, the author searched for the general way in which such a dialogue between text and pictures relate to each other in his work as a whole, as can be attested by one of the chapters where the essential features of both languages in this kind of composite art created by the artist, verbal and visual, are examined. Studies that investigate this question are necessary as the quality of Blake's illustrations is highly allegorical and not obvious at all: they never interact with the text that they illustrate in a direct or indicative way, such as presenting a scene, situation or characters exactly as they appear in the text; the opposite is usually true: the scenes represented in his illustrations contain situations and characters that were not even mentioned in the text, and by so doing they require the reader to search for the possible analogy with the text to which they belong in order to make an attempt at interpretation. This is why the dissertation at hand also presents a discussion of the concepts of symbolism and allegory in the context of Blake's work / Doutorado / Literatura Geral e Comparada / Doutor em Teoria e História Literária

No description available.

Many critics resort to explaining readers' experiences of poems like William Blake's Jerusalem and T.S. Eliot's Four Quartets in terms of "spirituality" or "religion". These experiences are broadly defined in this thesis as jouissance (after Roland Barthes' essay The Pleasure of the Text) or "experience qua experience". Critical attempts at the reduction of jouissance into abstract constructs serve merely as stopgap measures by which critics might avoid having to account for the limits of their own rational discourse. These poems, in particular, are deliberately structured to preserve the reader's experience of the poem from reduction to any particular meta-discursive construct, including "the spiritual". Through a broad application of Rezeption-Asthetik principles, this thesis demonstrates how the poems are structured to direct readers' faculties to engage with the hypothetical realm within which jouissance occurs, beyond the rationally abstractable. T.S. Eliot's poetic oeuvre appears to chart his growing confidence in non-rational, pre-critical faculties. Through "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock", The Waste Land, and Four Quartets, Eliot's poetry becomes gradually less prescriptive of the terms to which the experience of his poetry might be reduced. In Four Quartets he finally entrusts readers with a great deal of responsibility for "co-creating" the poem's significance. Like T.S . Eliot, although more consistently throughout his oeuvre, William Blake is similarly concerned with the validation of the reader's subjective interpretative/creative faculties. Blake's Jerusalem is carefully structured on various intertwined levels to rouse and exercise in the reader what the poet calls the "All Glorious Imagination" (Keynes 1972: 679). The jouissance of Jerusalem or Four Quartets is located in the reader's efforts to co-create the significance of the poems. It is only during a direct engagement with this process, rather than in subsequent attempts to abstract it, that the "experience qua experience" may be understood.

This thesis argues that William Blake’s poetry creates meaning through internal poetic echoes, and that these Blakean echoes re-sound in Ernest Jones and Gerald Massey’s Poetry. There is no demonstrable link between Blake and Chartism; this raises the question of how to account for poetic echoes that occur in the absence of a direct link. The thesis uses two complementary methodological strategies. The significance of the Blakean echoes in Jones and Massey’s work will be demonstrated through extensive close textual analysis. This is accompanied by the historically focused argument that the Blakean echoes in Chartist poetry can be explained by a shared underlying cultural matrix of radical politics and radical Christianity. Chapter 1 opens by presenting the evidence against a demonstrable link between Blake and the Chartists. It outlines how the lack of a direct link impacts upon our understanding of the Blakean echoes in Chartist poetry. Existing theories of influence insufficiently describe these textual effects; this chapter draws upon aspects of Intertextuality and New Historicist theory to propose that Blake, Jones and Massey’s poetry is best considered in terms of echo, re-sounding and correspondence. Chapter 2 addresses the question of how Blakean echoes can occur in the absence of a direct link. Using recent Blake scholarship as a methodological model, this chapter outlines the ‘cultural matrix’ theory, suggesting that Blake and the Chartists engaged with many of the same radical historical ‘threads’. Chapter 3 explores key examples of Shelleyan influence in Jones and Massey’s poetry. This chapter highlights the direct intertextual link between Shelley and the Chartists and demonstrates how Chartist poetry might be discussed in terms of influence and allusion. Chapter 4 outlines the most notable Blakean echoes in the poetry of Jones. Jones’ poetry resonates with images of Priestcraft and Kingcraft, as well as chains and binding; similar images play a central role in Blake’s Songs of Innocence and Experience. The chapter contains significant engagement with Blake studies; it presents Blake’s imagery as echoingly interconnected both within and across poems and collections. Chapter 5 extends this close textual exploration to the work of Massey. Massey’s poetry contains many of the key Blakean images identified in the work of Jones. However, ‘The Three Voices’ contains an uncanny resonance of Blake; echo occurs as mis-hearing and trace. ‘Echo’ is not being used as a simple substitute for ‘allusion’, ‘influence’ or ‘intertext’, but here denotes an entirely different textual effect that must be judged in new terms. The conclusion summarises the thesis and asks whether the radical nature of Blake, Jones and Massey’s shared culture may have affected not only their vocabulary of imagery, but also the way in which these images were deployed.

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