During the last years, biomechaniccs, the understanding of the very complex mechanical behavior of living tissue, becomes a very important field of research of the wide bravch of mechanichs. Thia study is very important, for instance , to improve the design of implants, with the important social and economical impact. one of important challenges in implant design is to model the complex material behavior of the bone. Remodeling of the bone due to the lodaing is one of the essential behaviors of the bone which can cause for the dental implants, marginal bone loss accuring particallary in the first years of function. On the other hand the finite element method(FEM) has become the most extended tool for engineers to analyse the mechanical behavior of the products which usualy have a complex material behavior and complicated geometries. The aim of this study is to model the remodeling behavior of the bone using FEM and to use the new bone material method to evaluate the implant performance for some commercial implants, taking account of the bone adaptation.

Background: In an ongoing study conducted at Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska University Hospital, Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) scans are performed on patients with tibia fractures and deformations treated with Taylor Spatial Frames (TSFs) in order to monitor their bone remodeling progress. Each patients receive an administration of approximately 2 MBq/kg bodyweight of Na18F associated with PET scans on two sessions, six and twelve weeks after the attachment of the TSF. These PET/CT scans provide information about the progress of the healing bone and can be used to estimate the optimal time point for de-attachment of the TSF. The Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) is used as a measure of the rate of bone remodeling for these patients, however, there is a need for verification of this practice by a method independent of the PET scanner. Furthermore, information regarding the biodistribution of the Na18F throughout the body of these patients and the effects of the TSF on the CT scan X‑rays is required. Additionally, an investigation of alternative methods that have the potential to provide similar information with a lower absorbed dose to the patients is desirable. Materials and methods: Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs) were attached on the skin at the position of the heart, urinary bladder, femurs, fracture, and the contralateral tibia of twelve patients during the first one hour and five minutes after the administration of the Na18F. Additional TLD measurements were performed during the CT scan of two of these patients. From the PET scan images, SUVs at the fracture site of these patients were collected. An investigation of the possibility of exploiting the “naturally” occurring bone seeking radionuclide Strontium-90 (90Sr) in the human body to gain information about the fracture site was undertaken. Using a 90Sr source, three different detection techniques were evaluated and a practical methodology for in vivo measurements on the tibia fracture patients was developed. As it was concluded that TLD based measurements were the most suitable technique for this purpose, and it was tested on five patients with tibia fractures. Results: From the collected TLD data, it was concluded that for these patients the urinary bladder is the organ receiving the greatest amount of absorbed dose and the organ most affected as the administered activity exceeds 2 MBq/kg. On average, a three times higher surface dose was measured on the tibia fracture compared to the un-fractured tibia. A linear relationship between the surface dose and SUVmax was shown. A strong positive correlation between the activity concentration at the fracture site and the amount of injected activity was found, and it was demonstrated that this also affects the SUVs. For patients who were administered different amounts of Na18F for the two PET scans, maximum activity concentrationwas less affected than mean activity concentration. It was concluded that TSF’s effect on the scatter of the X-rays to organs higher up in the body is negligible. Regarding “naturally” occurring 90Sr in the human body, no higher activity at the fractured tibia compared to the non‑fractured tibia could be found. Conclusions: This project assessed the accumulation of Na18F in the fracture site of patients treated with TSF by a method independent of the PET scanner. The methodology of using SUVs as an indicator for bone remodeling was verified. It was shown that the uptake of Na18F by the fracture site is strongly correlated to the amount of injected activity. The importance of considering the amount of injected activity when evaluating and comparing SUVs was highlighted. In vivo measurements using LiF:Mn TLDs did not indicate any quantifiable higher concentration of 90Sr at the fracture in the tibia bone.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2007. / "Graduate Program in Ceramic and Materials Science and Engineering." Includes bibliographical references.

Piezocision is a new periodontal method for cutting bone more precisely than conventional methods, such as bur drilling, with 3D ultrasonic vibration power. We have conducted a study on piezocision effect on periodontal tissue in rodents. Our previous animal studies demonstrated that piezocision hastens tooth movement in rodents compared to conventional methods. The histological results showed that piezocision induces bone resorption and regeneration quickly. In addition, we observed the same effect of piezocision surgery on clinical tooth movement in collaboration with the orthodontists at BUSDM. We believe that piezocision can contribute significantly to dental therapies. However, more studies of piezocision effects are necessary for a thorough understanding. Periodontal tissue healing requires the participation of regulatory molecules, cells, and scaffold or matrix. We hypothesized that piezosurgery induces alveolar bone regeneration by uncovered procedures. In this study, we focused on the cells contributing to synthesis or repair of periodontal tissue, such as osteocytes, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, white blood cells, and periodontal ligament cells in order to close the gap between clinical knowledge and cellular mechanisms Histological analysis and MRI data indicates that piezocision surgery enhanced alveolar bone degradation in the post-operative early phase (from day1 to day7), and induced bone regeneration in the post-operative mid phase (from day14 to day28). The structure of alveolar bone was similar to controls in the late phase (day70). Serum ALP activity, a bone formation marker, was significantly increased by Piezocision surgery (p<0.05). Piezocision increasd serum CTX, a bone degradation biomarker, at post-operative 7day in the 30Hz Piezocision surgery (p<0.05). In addition, Serum PINP, a bone formation biomarker, was significantly decreased in the post-operative early phase. TUNEL assays revealed that osteocyte apoptosis was induced in alveolar bone by piezocision at post-operative 1day. Apoptosis in osteocytes induces osteoclast activity that leads to bone degradation. In previous studies piezocision induced TRAP activity in the post-operative early phase. Runx2 positive osteoblast progenitor cells were observed in the post-operative day7 and 14 as assessed by Immunofluorescence microscopy analysis. The Runx2 positive cells accumulated near the new bone formation area. The structure of collagen was observed by histological staining with Pico Sirius Red. Piezocision resulted in deteriorated collagen structure in the post-operative early phase that recovered in the post-operative mid phase. Since the collagen fibers filled in the gap between alveolar bone and roots, we stained the sections with Periostin, a specific PDL biomarker. Periostin was observed on the collagen fibers that filled in the gap between bone and root. previous studies revealed that the expression of Periostin induced TGF beta, a pivotal molecule for osteoblast differentiation. Taken together, these studies indicate that periodontal tissue responds to Piezosurgery by alveolar bone decalcification and regeneration. Further elucidation of the role of the each conducting cells (eg. osteocytes, osteoclast, osteoblast, periodontal ligament cells) after piezosurgery in the periodontal tissue may provide a new target for the treatment of periodontal disease by stimulating the return to tissue homeostasis.

Cette thèse, née d’une collaboration entre le laboratoire LEMTA et l’entreprise Novastep, a pour but de concevoir une prothèse de resurfaçage des têtes métatarsiennes des rayons latéraux (2ème, 3ème et 4ème orteils). Ces rayons sont touchés par de nombreuses pathologies (arthrose, maladie de Freiberg, …) pouvant engendrer des douleurs et être handicapantes au quotidien. Bien que de nombreuses solutions prothétiques pour le resurfaçage des têtes métatarsiennes soient disponibles sur le marché, elles sont en majorité conçues pour le resurfaçage du 1ier rayon. La prothèse de Novastep est donc prévue pour offrir une solution viable pour le traitement de ces pathologies. Le développement de la prothèse passe par plusieurs étapes qui sont : • La recherche des exigences médicales et mécaniques à respecter ; • La conception de la prothèse ; • La mise au point de la technique opératoire (instrument pour la pose) ; • La réalisation des essais (vérification des performances de la prothèse). Ce cycle de conception permet de justifier les performances de la prothèse dans l’optique d’obtenir l’autorisation de mise sur le marché. En parallèle de la conception de la prothèse de resurfaçage, une étude de remodelage des métatarsiens après implantation a été effectuée. Cette étude a pour but, dans un premier temps, de présenter et valider un protocole pour la préparation des modèles EF de remodelage osseux à partir de données tomodensitométriques spécifiques au patient. Dans un deuxième temps, cette étude a permis d’analyser l’impact de la prothèse de Novastep sur l’os et de comparer ces résultats avec ceux obtenus pour une prothèse concurrente (LMHI de Wright Medical). Dans un dernier temps, l’influence de différents paramètres de la loi de remodelage et du modèle a été étudiée. A notre connaissance, ce travail est le premier portant sur le remodelage osseux d’un métatarsien prothésé. A terme, ce travail pourra aboutir à la création d’un outil d’aide à la décision destiné aux concepteurs pour les choix technologiques de design des prothèses et aux chirurgiens pour sélectionner la technique chirurgicale la plus adaptée à chaque patient. Pour ce faire, il sera nécessaire de valider les résultats issus des prévisions numériques de remodelage avec des résultats cliniques post-opératoires / This doctoral thesis, the result of a collaboration between LEMTA laboratory and Novastep company, explains the design of a metatarsal head resurfacing prosthesis of the lateral toes (2nd, 3rd and 4th toes). These toes can be affected by several pathologies, including arthritis and Freiberg’s disease, which are painful and can bec ripping in everyday life. Although many prosthetic solutions for the resurfacing of the metatarsal heads are available on the market, they are often developed for the first toe only. Novastep’s prosthesis was developed to afford a viable solution for the treatment of those pathologies in other toes as well. The development of this prosthesis requires several steps which are: • The definition of medical and mechanical requirements which must been taken into account ; • The design of the prosthesis ; • The development of the surgical technique, that is, the instrumentation for setting up the prosthesis ; • Mechanical and clinical testing to verify the performance of the prosthesis. This design cycle permits justification of the device’s performance necessary to obtain the market approval. In parallel with the resurfacing prosthesis, a study of metatarsal bone remodeling after implantation was realized. This study aimed to present and validate a protocol for the preparation of finite element models of bone remodeling from patient specific computed-tomography data. It also permitted analysis of the impact of the Novastep’s prosthesis on the metatarsal and comparison of those resuts with results obtained with a competitor’s equivalent prosthesis (LMHI of Wright Medical). To our knowledge, this study was the first on the bone remodeling of a prosthetic metatarsal. In the long term, this work could lead to the creation of a decision-making tool for designers for the technological choices of prosthesis design

Orientador: Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg / Resumo: RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar prospectivamente as repercussões sobre o metabolismo ósseo de adolescentes de 12 a 20 anos incompletos usuárias de anticoncepcional hormonal oral de baixa dosagem (ACO), contendo EE 20 µg/Desogestrel 150 µg ou EE 30 μg/Drospirenona 3 mg, por período de um ano, confrontando os resultados aos obtidos entre adolescentes saudáveis não usuárias de ACO. Casuística e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quase experimental. As adolescentes incluídas foram divididas em três grupos: grupo ACO1 (EE 20µg/Desogestrel 150 µg) composto por 42 adolescentes, grupo ACO2 (EE 30 μg/ Drospirenona 3 mg) com 66 participantes e 70 que compuseram o grupo controle. Todas as adolescentes no momento de inclusão foram submetidas à avaliação antropométrica, densitométrica (DXA), obtendo-se densidade (DMO) e conteúdo mineral ósseo (CMO) de coluna lombar, corpo total e subtotal, massa magra, massa de gordura e % de gordura, realizado RX de idade óssea. Foram convidadas para a coleta sanguínea, obtendo-se os marcadores de formação óssea, osteocalcina (OC) e fosfatase alcalina óssea FAO). Após 12 meses de uso dos ACOs, as adolescentes foram submetidas a nova avaliação semelhante à do momento inicial e solicitação de dosagem de β Estradiol, após seis meses de uso dos contraceptivos. Para a comparação entre as variáveis dos grupos de não usuárias e usuárias de ACO1 e ACO2, no momento basal, utilizou-se o teste de Kruskal Wallis e, para a comparação entre os grupos ACO1 e ACO2, na linha de bas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Abstract. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate prospectively the repercussions on bone metabolism of incomplete adolescents from 12 to 20 years old, using oral low-dose hormonal contraceptive (COC), containing EE 20 μg/Desogestrel 150 μg or EE 30 μg Drospirenone 3 mg, for one year period, comparing the results to those obtained among healthy adolescents who did not use COC. Case study and methods: This was a quasi-experimental study The enclosed adolescents were divided into three groups: COC1 group (EE 20 μg Desogestrel 150 μg) compounded of 42 adolescents, COC2 group (EE 30 μg Drospirenone 3 mg) with 66 participants and 70 who composed the control group. All the adolescents at the moment of the inclusion were submitted to the anthropometric, densitrometric (DXA) evaluation, obtaining bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content(BMC) of lumbar spine, total and subtotal body lean mass, fat mass and % fat, performed XR bone age. They were invited to the blood collection, obtaining markers of bone formation, osteocalcin (OC) and bone alkaline phosphatase. After 12 months of COCs use, the adolescents were submitted to a new similar evaluation to that one of the initial moment and request of β Estradiol dosage, after six months of contraceptive use. For the comparison between the variables of the non-users and users of COC1 and COC2 at baseline, the Krus Kal Wallis test was used and, for the comparison between the groups COC1 and COC2 at baseline, Mann-Wh... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Submitted by Anapaula da Conceição Bisi Rizzo (anapaula.rizzo@uol.com.br) on 2018-11-01T01:03:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese.docx: 1144907 bytes, checksum: 35d6b3e977e0fdf3756f671e2ee3cbf6 (MD5) / Rejected by ROSANGELA APARECIDA LOBO null (rosangelalobo@btu.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: problema 1: arquivo em Word O arquivo submetido deve, obrigatoriamente, estar em formato PDF. Seu arquivo está em word. problema 2: Financiamento recebido No formulário de submissão consta a FAPESP como agência financiadora do seu projeto mas, no arquivo submetido, não localizei um agradecimento a esta. Caso tenha recebido o apoio favor incluí-la nos agradecimentos, informando também o número de processo. Lembrando que esse agradecimento é uma exigência das agências de fomento, em especial da FAPESP. Assim que tiver efetuado a correção submeta o arquivo, em formato PDF, novamente. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-11-01T12:07:12Z (GMT) / Submitted by Anapaula da Conceição Bisi Rizzo (anapaula.rizzo@uol.com.br) on 2018-11-01T18:07:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese.pdf: 1268124 bytes, checksum: b95ff96129bc57aa3404cfa1fdcddb80 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ROSANGELA APARECIDA LOBO null (rosangelalobo@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-11-06T12:18:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rizzo_acb_dr_bot.pdf: 1268124 bytes, checksum: b95ff96129bc57aa3404cfa1fdcddb80 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-06T12:18:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rizzo_acb_dr_bot.pdf: 1268124 bytes, checksum: b95ff96129bc57aa3404cfa1fdcddb80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-03 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar prospectivamente as repercussões sobre o metabolismo ósseo de adolescentes de 12 a 20 anos incompletos usuárias de anticoncepcional hormonal oral de baixa dosagem (ACO), contendo EE 20 µg/Desogestrel 150 µg ou EE 30 μg/Drospirenona 3 mg, por período de um ano, confrontando os resultados aos obtidos entre adolescentes saudáveis não usuárias de ACO. Casuística e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quase experimental. As adolescentes incluídas foram divididas em três grupos: grupo ACO1 (EE 20µg/Desogestrel 150 µg) composto por 42 adolescentes, grupo ACO2 (EE 30 μg/ Drospirenona 3 mg) com 66 participantes e 70 que compuseram o grupo controle. Todas as adolescentes no momento de inclusão foram submetidas à avaliação antropométrica, densitométrica (DXA), obtendo-se densidade (DMO) e conteúdo mineral ósseo (CMO) de coluna lombar, corpo total e subtotal, massa magra, massa de gordura e % de gordura, realizado RX de idade óssea. Foram convidadas para a coleta sanguínea, obtendo-se os marcadores de formação óssea, osteocalcina (OC) e fosfatase alcalina óssea FAO). Após 12 meses de uso dos ACOs, as adolescentes foram submetidas a nova avaliação semelhante à do momento inicial e solicitação de dosagem de β Estradiol, após seis meses de uso dos contraceptivos. Para a comparação entre as variáveis dos grupos de não usuárias e usuárias de ACO1 e ACO2, no momento basal, utilizou-se o teste de Kruskal Wallis e, para a comparação entre os grupos ACO1 e ACO2, na linha de base, o teste de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado. Tanto no momento basal, como na comparação momento basal e 12 meses de uso dos ACOs, o teste de Wilcoxon, fixado o nível de significância em 5%. Para estudar o efeito da idade sobre as variáveis nutricionais, densitométricas e sobre as concentrações dos marcadores ósseos nas adolescentes não usuárias de contraceptivos (controles), realizou-se Análise de Regressão Linear. Para todos os testes aceitou-se significância quando p<0,05. Resultados: No momento inicial do estudo, não foi observada diferença estatísticamente significaticativa em relação às variáveis analisadas entre os grupos ACO1, ACO2 e controle, à exceção do percentual de gordura corporal, quando as adolescentes do grupo ACO2 diferiram das controles e do grupo ACO1. Pela análise da Regressão Linear Simples evidenciou-se que, para estudar o efeito de todos os indicadores em função da idade, no grupo controle, para cada ano de idade cronológica a mais, encontrou-se um acréscimo na idade óssea de 1,04 anos, 3,42 kg de peso, 1,33 kg/m² de IMC e, de 0,1m na altura. Quanto às variáveis densitométricas analisadas, constatou-se diferenças estatísticas significativas nas DMO de coluna lombar, corpo total e subtotal, com acréscimo de 0,06 g/cm² em cada ano a mais. Observou-se acréscimos nos CMO de coluna lombar, corpo total e subtotal, de 3,22g, 117,21g e 89,36g respectivamente, com diferenças significativas, p <0,001. Quanto à massa de gordura e massa magra, também houve incremento. No tocante aos marcadores de formação óssea (FAO, OC) constatou-se uma redução na concentração da FAO de - 5,19U/L, estatísticamente significante. Em relação à OC, não houve diferença significativa. Quando as medianas das variáveis antropométricas, densitométricas ósseas, de composição corporal e as concentrações dos marcadores ósseos FAO e OC obtidas no momento basal foram confrontadas às obtidas após 12 meses, entre adolescentes expostas às duas formulações de ACO, observou-se que houve diferença estatística em relação à idade cronológica e a idade óssea. Quanto às demais variáveis analisadas, constataram-se diferenças significativas entre as variáveis antropométricas peso e IMC, nos dois grupos e, na estatura para o grupo ACO2 e, não se observou diferenças para o percentil do IMC e escore z de IMC. Quanto às variáveis obtidas pela DXA, nos diversos sítios analisados, na comparação momento basal e um ano, entre as usuárias de ACOs, não se constatou diferenças significativas para DMO e CMO lombar, DMO e CMO corpo total e DMO e CMO subtotal para o grupo ACO2 e de todas as mesmas variáveis, a exceção do CMO de corpo total para o grupo ACO1, p=0,001. No tocante às concentrações dos biomarcadores de formação óssea (FAO, OC), verificou-se uma redução nas medianas da FAO na comparação momento basal frente a um ano de uso no ACO1 e ACO2, com diferença significativa, p=0,040 e p<0,001. Reduções nas concentrações de osteocalcina também puderam ser observadas 12 meses após, no grupo ACO1, p=0,002, e no ACO2, p<0,001. Conclusão: O uso das duas formulações de contraceptivos hormonais orais de baixa dosagem, após um ano de seguimento, se associa a efeitos negativos sobre a massa óssea, com incrementos na densidade e conteúdo mineral ósseo aquém daquele evidenciado para essa faixa etária e com redução significativa das concentrações do marcadores ósseos de formação (FAO e OC), quando os resultados são confrontados com os advindos de adolescentes controles não usuárias de contraceptivos. / Abstract. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate prospectively the repercussions on bone metabolism of incomplete adolescents from 12 to 20 years old, using oral low-dose hormonal contraceptive (COC), containing EE 20 μg/Desogestrel 150 μg or EE 30 μg Drospirenone 3 mg, for one year period, comparing the results to those obtained among healthy adolescents who did not use COC. Case study and methods: This was a quasi-experimental study The enclosed adolescents were divided into three groups: COC1 group (EE 20 μg Desogestrel 150 μg) compounded of 42 adolescents, COC2 group (EE 30 μg Drospirenone 3 mg) with 66 participants and 70 who composed the control group. All the adolescents at the moment of the inclusion were submitted to the anthropometric, densitrometric (DXA) evaluation, obtaining bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content(BMC) of lumbar spine, total and subtotal body lean mass, fat mass and % fat, performed XR bone age. They were invited to the blood collection, obtaining markers of bone formation, osteocalcin (OC) and bone alkaline phosphatase. After 12 months of COCs use, the adolescents were submitted to a new similar evaluation to that one of the initial moment and request of β Estradiol dosage, after six months of contraceptive use. For the comparison between the variables of the non-users and users of COC1 and COC2 at baseline, the Krus Kal Wallis test was used and, for the comparison between the groups COC1 and COC2 at baseline, Mann-Whitney test was used. Either at baseline or in the comparison baseline, and 12 months of use of the COCs, the Wilcoxom test, set the level of significance at 5%. To study the effect of age on the nutritional variables, densitometric measurements and on the concentrations of bone markers in non-users adolescents of contraceptives (controls),Linear regression Analysis was performed. For all tests meaningfulness was accepted when p<0.05. Results: At the initial moment of the study, it wasn´t observed statistically significant difference in relation to the analyzed variables, between COC1 and COC2 and control groups, except for the percentage of body fat, when the adolescents of the COC2 group differed from the controls and the COC1 group. By the analysis of Simple Linear Regression it was evidenced that, in order to study the effect of all indicators on the basis of age, in the control group for each additional year of chronological age, there was an increase in the bone age of 1.04 years, 3.42 kg of body weight, 1.33 kg/m² of BMI and, 0.1 m in height. Regarding to the densitometric variables analyzed, significant staticall differences were found in lumbar spine BMD, total and subtotal body, with an increase of 0.06 g /cm² in each additional year. There were increases in lumbar spine BMD, total and subtotal body, of 3.22 g, 117.21 g and 89.36g respectively, with significant differences, p < 0.001. As regards to fat mass and lean mass, there was also an increase. Concerning to markers of bone formation (FAO,OC) there was a reduction in the FAO concentration of 5.48 U/L, statistically significant. There was no significant difference in relation to OC. When the medians of the variable anthropometrics, bone densitometrics of body corporal composition and the concentrations of the bone markers FAO and OC obtained at baseline were compared to those obtained after 12 months, among adolescents exposed at the two COC formulations, it was observed that there was statistical difference regarding to chronological age and bone age. As for the other variables analyzed, there were significant differences between the anthropometric variables weight and BMI, in both groups and, in stature for the COC2 group and no differences were observed for the BMI percentile and BMI z score. Regarding to the variables obtained by the DXA in several analyzed sites in comparison of baseline and one year, among the users of COCs, there were no significant differences for BMD and Lumbar BMC, BMD and BMC total body and BMD and BMC subtotal for the group COC2 and of all the same variables, except for the total body BMC for the COC1 group, p= 0.001. In regard to the concentrations of bone formation biomarkers (FAO,OC), there was a reduction, in the medians of the FAO in baseline compared to one year of use in COC1 and COC2, with a significant difference, p=0.040 and p < 0.001. Reductions in osteocalcin concentrations could also be observed 12 months later, in the COC1 group, p= 0.002, and in COC2, p < 0.001. Conclusion: The use of two formulations of low-dose oral hormonal contraceptives, after one year of follow-up is associated to negative effects on bone mass, with increases in density and bone mineral content short of that evidenced for this age group and with a significant reduction in the concentrations of bone markers of formation (FAO and OC), when the results compared to those coming from control adolescents non users of contraceptives. / 14/14294-9 e 15/04040-2

Orientador: Elcio Marcantonio Junior / Resumo: O uso de medicamentos a base de estrôncio tem se tornado notável na prevenção e tratamento de enfermidades relacionadas ao tecido ósseo. Essa notabilidade se dá devido a sua ação conjunta em células distintas e envolvidas na neoformação óssea, osteoblastos e osteoclastos. Devido a seus resultados positivos o estrôncio passou a ser utilizado também como coadjuvante de processos de neoformação óssea, principalmente procedimentos cirúrgicos maxilo-faciais. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivos a avaliação de diferentes compostos, e dosagens a base de estrôncio em procedimentos de osseointegração, enxertia óssea. Para tal, os resultados foram distribuídos em 4 artigos para melhor compreensão. No estudo 1, revisão de literatura, foram analisados estudos que utilizaram estrôncio sistêmico como terapia para processos de osseointegração e enxertia óssea em animais. No estudo 2, osseointegração, foram analisadas diferentes dosagens de ranelato de estrôncio (50 e 625mg), e carbonato/cloreto de estrôncio (30 e 365 mg), administrados sistemicamente, durante o processo de osseointegração. Semelhantemente, o estudo 3 analisou a influência dos mesmos compostos a base de estrôncio em defeitos críticos ósseos em calvarias. E por ultimo, no estudo 4, uma análise relacionada a toxicidade do suplemento foi realizada nas dosagens que obtiveram melhores resultados. Como resultados, os estudos 2 e 3 apresentaram resultados semelhantes e positivos para os suplementos a base de estrôncio nas m... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The use of strontium medications has become notable in prevention and treatment of bone tissue related diseases. This notability is related to double action in distinct cells involved in bone neoformation, osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Due to its positive results, strontium has also been used as a coadjuvant of bone neoformation processes, mainly maxillofacial surgical procedures. Thus, this study had as objectives the evaluation of different compounds, and dosages based on strontium in procedures of osseointegration and bone grafting. For this, the results were distributed in 4 studies for better understanding. In study 1, literature review, we analyzed studies that used systemic strontium as a therapy for osseointegration processes and bone grafting in animals. In study 2, osseointegration, different dosages of strontium ranelate (50 and 625mg), and strontium carbonate/strontium chloride (30 and 365mg), systemically administered during the osseointegration process, were analyzed. Similarly, study 3 analyzed the influence of the same strontium-based compounds on critical bone defects in calvarias. Finally, in study 4, an analysis related to toxicity of the supplement was performed at the dosages that obtained the best results. As results, studies 2 and 3 presented similar and positive results for the strontiumbased supplements at the highest concentrations (strontium ranelate 625 mg and strontium carbonate / 365 mg strontium). Considering these dosages, study 4 showed the abs... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor