The study of European integration has increasingly become an important topic for IR-scholars and has developed into a field of its own. Scholarly interest in the role of identities in these regional integration processes has also risen over the last decades. This study can be comprised within this line of study. By using social constructivism as a theoretical framework, the paper seeks to understand the role of national and European identities in the case of Brexit. The paper also looks at identity formations of citizens and their attitudes towards European integration in relation with these identities. Although the UK has always stood on the sidelines of the European project, the results of the vote indicate that there are deeper processes that need to be studied. By using qualitative content analysis, the paper looks at framings in two national British newspapers and by two political leaders. The paper comes to the conclusion that these identities are both portrayed as compatible and competing with each other.

This thesis seeks to analyse a critical juncture in the aftermath of the Brexit vote; Theresa May’s Brexit negotiations. This was a highly contentious time for politics in the UK, eventually leading to an extension on the initial deadline being granted and May’s resignation from the post of Prime Minister. By examining these negotiations through the lens of user-generated memes, the researcher finds a contemporary way to understand the interactive role citizens play in contributing to political discourse. This thesis asks how such discourses are playing out over social media visuals, and in turn, which symbols are being utilized to reflect these discourses. After a thorough investigation of the symbolism at play, ranging from flags to diversity, the researcher concludes that memes make a valuable and creative contribution to political discourse, and should not be disregarded as facetious; indeed their humour allows a fresh take on a serious issue. This thesis takes inspiration from a Research Methodology assignment written as a pilot for this study, entitled, “Exploring discourses of the Brexit negotiations through social media visuals: A visual analysis and discussion of research methods”.

Filipová, A. Economic Impact of BREXIT on Foreign Trade in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University, 2018. This diploma thesis deals with economic impacts on the foreign trade of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. First, the individual studies that have already been developed on the topic of Brexit will be described. In addition, the work focuses on designing a model that could analyze the economic impacts on UK foreign trade in the future. Subsequently, scenarios describing the possible arrangement of business relations with the EU and other non-EU countries are also outlined.

Thesis deals with the content of both campaigns LEAVE and REMAIN in the British referendum, talks about the main leaders and arguments. Emphasizes the role of political marketing as an important aspect affecting the outcome of the referendum, analyzes the channels through which both sides of the campaign communicated with the voters. Data was recieved from books, as well as internet resources. Based on analysis of these points, the thesis reveals the discourse of the referendum.

The independence of Scotland from Great Britain has been a long-standing and complex issue, with roots dating back centuries. In recent years, the question of independence has been brought to the forefront again with the UK’s decision to leave the European Union, commonly known as Brexit. After referendum in 2014, Scotland voted to remain part of the United Kingdom, but most Scottish voters chose to remain in the EU in the Brexit referendum of 2016. This has led to renewed calls for independence from some quarters, as many in Scotland feel that their interests are not being represented in the UK’s decision-making process. The issue of independence is highly contentious, with arguments for and against independence being made on economic, cultural and political grounds. Those in favor of independence argue that it would allow Scotland to have more control over its own affairs and to chart its own course in the world, while those opposed to independence argue that it would create unnecessary division and uncertainty, Ultimately the question of independence for Scotland remains a matter of ongoing debate on the will of the Scottish people and the decision of the UK government.

This essay examines how rhetoric and migration policy have changed from before and after Brexit. The study is limited to the years 2012-2022. I will analyze whether there is a particular connection between rhetoric and migration policy within the named period. The material that will be analyzed will be the statements concerning migration policy. This will mainly be based on the statements of top politicians. The theories that will be consumed on my collected material are global neo-institutionalism and the critical juncture theory. The results indicate that Brexit entailed major institutional changes in migration policy. The result also indicated that Brexit meant that the Conservative Party was moved to pursue a more restrictive and restrained migration policy. The conclusion is summarized by the fact that Brexit entailed major institutional changes. However, these have not meant reduced migration to Great Britain, which was the aim of the changed migration policy.

Yes / As the EU and UK negotiate a new relationship, this paper explores the welfare implications of this policy change and its interaction with major trade policy initiatives. We evaluate five Brexit scenarios, based on different assumptions regarding Brexit, TTIP and various free trade deals the UK may attempt to broker with the US or Commonwealth countries. We also consider the dynamics of welfare changes over a period of two decades. Our estimates suggest that the impact of Brexit is negative in all policy scenarios, with lower welfare losses under a soft Brexit scenario. The losses are exacerbated if TTIP comes into force, demonstrating the benefits of being a member of a large trade bloc. However, they occur gradually and can be partially compensated by signing new free trade agreements. To further minimise losses, the UK should avoid a hard Brexit.

No

Yes / This chapter discuss several key issues for the UK in relation to Brexit. Firstly, how new directions could be initiated to fund infrastructure aimed at boosting the UK's future growth potential and/or promote reindustrialisation by nurturing strategic industries through the early and unknowable stages of their development until they achieve their own international competitive advantage. Secondly, we contest the belief that globalisation has created a new environment eroding the efficiency of traditional policy instruments and with it the relevance of individual nation states. Finally, in this context we conclude by arguing that Brexit offers a unique opportunity to negotiate of a new trade relationship with the EU, together with the rest of the world to both replace previous trade deals concluded by the EU, but also to establish a new set of relationships with a wider set of potential trade partners.

Yes / Le Brexit représente le changement le plus important dans les relations que le Royaume-Uni a entretenu avec l’Europe et le monde depuis la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. La décision britannique de mettre fin à plus de quatre décennies de participation au projet européen, la détermination du gouvernement de Theresa May à extraire son pays de l’Union Européenne (UE), mais aussi de l’Union douanière, du Marché intérieur, de la juridiction de la Cour Européenne de Justice, de l’ensemble des règlementations européennes, et même de la Convention Européenne des Droits de l’Homme, ont des implications multiples et lourdes de conséquences dans de vastes domaines. Le Royaume-Uni est certes le premier pays affecté, et ce sur tous les plans. Toutefois, la France et l’Allemagne, ainsi que le projet européen, sont aussi directement concernés par ce divorce qui laisse présager d’importantes répercussions économiques et politiques, mais aussi un déclin progressif de leur voisin d’outre-Manche, avec les conséquences qui pourront en découler.