This thesis reports on a study which developed a profile of the reviewers of children's books in Australia. It then compared the profile with one which was developed by Kathleen Craver in 1984 of children's book reviewers in the United States. Five research questions were addressed by this study relating to reviewers and their opinions regarding review aspects, reviewer roles and review practices within the framework of their personal and professional background. Craver surveyed the reviewers from School Library journal because as a group, they provided the greatest potential for statistical significance of all the reviewing journals in the United States. As no Australian journal enjoys either the number of reviewers or the circulation of School Library journal, reviewers from eight journals which are most used by teacher and children's librarians were selected to form the population for this research. These journals are Fiction Focus, LINES, Magpies, Reading Time, Reviewpoin t, Review Bulletin, Scan and Tasmanian Resources Review. The reviewer profile which emerged from this study was very similar to Craver's in that it was not one which could be entirely defined in terms of group characteristics. Selected cross tabulations either with the particular journals, demographic details, or other variables, particularly those relating to reviewer experience failed to produce predictable behaviourial correlations. However, reviewers were united on certain issues which can be attributed to their own professional background.

published_or_final_version / Linguistics / Master / Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics

This study investigated participation levels of developmental writing students inoral discussions and electronic discussions using the synchronous conferencing software InterChange. The study used a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in a naturalistic/quasi-experimental design under a social constructivist epistemology. The methods included: word counts onto which biological sex and socially-constructed gender (as measured by the Bern Sex-Role Inventory) were overlaid as variables; a modified taxonomy based on Bales' Conversational Analysis measure; a taxonomy which measured the direction of discourse; and "thick description" in the form of subjective reactions to videotaped oral discussions and transcribed electronic discussions.The multi-modal, descriptive findings indicate that students participate more frequently in electronic discussions; that subsequent oral classes take on participatory characteristics of an InterChange session; and that while the more frequent participation in InterChange discussions does appear to carry over into subsequent oral discussions, socially constructed variables such as gender may, in fact, encourage students to participate less frequently in oral discussons after using InterChange. The findings also show that InterChange discussions are primarily student-centered: most of the responses generated are aimed at other students. In the oral classroom, very little student-to-student interaction occurs. The findings of this study indicate that while the computer environment may not promote egalitarian discourse, it does tend to produce more democratic discourse. / Department of English

Electronic networks services have become essential tools for the academic community. One of the services provided has been academic electronic bulletin boards (EBBs), and the use of EBBs has increased dramatically during the last decade. One question concerns the possible application of EBBs as a means both for communication and for remote training. A series of experiments were conducted during 1991, 1992, and 1993 with the aim of examining the use of EBBs for these purposes. The first experiment was carried out to investigate whether users experience problems in using EBBs. The next extended this to see how students evaluated EBBs for communication and training purposes. The main focus of the work was BUBL. After this second experiment, modifications were made to the BUBL data and a further experiment was carried out. A different group of students looked at the modified material, and also compared it with US data using different software. The fourth experiment compared the usability of a menu-based interface (dBase III +) and a hypertext interface (HyperCard) from a student's viewpoint. It was followed by an investigation of icons to find out how well different icons could be recognised and the possibility of using them for language-independent instructions. Finally, the characteristics and problems of GULFNET users were examined. The evaluation has demonstrated the general acceptability of EBBs and their likely value for training purposes. This leads to a discussion of how an EBB might best be developed for use in communication and training on GULFNET.

IT security provides comprehensive picture both internally and externally by act of ensuring that data is not lost when critical issues arise. In spite of the world has now been replaced with an imperative approach. The companies are using widely desktop computers, laptops, ipads, smart phones and workstation. The sum of all this has been influence to the IT based information and communication system in companies.   The purpose is to do research by taking a critical look at how different kind of business and non-business companies manage their IT security in Pakistan and Sweden with specific emphasis on the administrative controls. As the IT security has a list of steps but the authors focused on three major functions: IT security policy, IT security plan and IT security risk analysis.   As soon as the topic was selected the emphasis was laid on collecting and reading material related to the IT security. It became clear that the most relevant and interesting task was not merely to investigate how different companies in Pakistan and Sweden manage their IT security but infact try to understand what kind of steps and measures lies behind to achieve them. The method was adopted qualitative because it fulfil the requirements which authors want to achieve in the form of deeper understanding how different companies manage IT security in two different countries.   This study concluded that Pakistani companies in terms of IT security policy should focus on data ware houses by implementing policies for securing of exploiting the data and in case of Swedish company IT managers should implement policies for securing of personal data. Evaluation techniques are missing from the companies of Pakistan and Sweden in IT security plan. Enhancing the performing of IT risk analysis to countermeasure the threat. Pakistani companies should focus on business model of information asset. In case of Swedish company higher level and more detailed analysis can apply to core areas of the IT system. These proposed points for improvements could also help in more understanding of IT security in Pakistan and Sweden.

Although most schools have bulletin boards, in most cases its educational possibilities and potentialities have not been fully realized by teachers of the health, physical education, and recreation departments. The wealth of facts innate in this program make it a rich field for full realization of values to be derived from the effective use of the bulletin board. Therefore, the writer became interested in setting forth some definite, concise, and practical suggestions in the form of a manual that would serve as a guide in the effective use of the bulletin board.

[pt] Considerando as ameaças existenciais à humanidade no mundo contemporâneo, sobretudo as armas nucleares e as mudanças climáticas de origens antrópicas, a presente dissertação objetiva analisar as formas pelas quais estas são enunciadas nas declarações do Relógio do Juízo Final [Doomsday Clock] escritas pelo Boletim dos Cientistas Atômicos [Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists], no período entre 1947 e 2020. Para tanto, será analisada a rede conceitual utilizada pelo Boletim e como esta é indicativa de uma experiência do tempo. Acredita-se que, com isso, será possível identificar o protagonismo do conceito de catástrofe em relação a outros termos chaves para se compreender a temporalidade histórica contemporânea. / [en] Considering the existential threats to humanity in the contemporary world, especially nuclear weapons and anthropic climate change, this dissertation aims to analyze the ways in which these are enunciated in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Doomsday Clock, in the period between 1947 and 2020. In order to do so, the conceptual web used by the Bulletin will be analyzed as na experience of time. I believe that it will be possible to identify the protagonism of the concept of catastrophe in comparison with other key terms to understand the contemporary historical temporality.

The purpose of this project was to develop a website to relieve Korean returnees' reverse culture shock and help their re-adaptation process. A website can be an outstanding resource for returnees in terms of accessibility because the target audiences are scattered all over the world.

本研究以台大批踢踢實業坊（PTT）政治類看板為例，企圖評估電子布告欄（BBS）系統是否為承載政治意見的理想論域。 在文獻探討的過程中可知，「政治參與」對於民主發展至為重要，而其中透過網際網路進行的政治意見表達，在數位時代來臨後的重要性與日俱增。因此本研究以哈伯瑪斯的公共領域與溝通行動理論為核心，建立「理想意見論域」的三項標準：開放性、公共性、理性。並據此三項標準，對研究場域PTT政治類看板進行評估。 本研究以量化的內容分析法為主，輔以直接觀察，對研究場域及其中政治意見的性質，進行客觀的描述與分析。研究結果發現，PTT政治類看板進入和參與的門檻低、互動熱絡頻繁、討論規範也並未限制理性發言空間，在「開放性」上表現佳；至於「公共性」的部分，在討論規範與看板管理者的約束下，討論的議題多能與公共事務相關；然而在「理性」面向上，論證嚴謹程度普遍不足，亦僅有半數的發言能完全保持冷靜平和。 另外，在把政治意見的各項性質進行交叉分析後，可歸納出「理想網路論域」中的「理想政治意見」，應該具有的條件包括：沒有明顯的政黨傾向、篇幅充實、切合討論主題、以事實陳述輔助個人意見、不純粹批評而是褒貶參半或持平而論、情緒冷靜平和、論證深入而嚴謹等。

Within the design of any building, there is a requirement for designers to understand the intended purposes of the building and the elements that influence performance. These elements can be as tangible as providing a lecture hall within a university or relatively intangible such as the environmental temperatures of the rooms. The elements involved are generally recognised within the design industry and a combined force of engineers, architects, and specialist advisors work together to ensure all of the elements are in place for each new design. However, one element affecting performance that has not yet been comprehensively covered (at least for many building types) is that relating to occupant movement and the influence this has on experience and hence performance. For example, the number of times people have to negotiate cross-flow environments in a train station before becoming agitated is unknown. Also, the average distance people will walk through a shopping centre before becoming tired and ending the activity is unknown. Even so, they will both be impacted upon by the design and they will both reflect back on the performance of the design. Before starting this research, it was realised by the research engineer that there was only a limited understanding and application of people flow analyses within industry and, where it existed, it was solely related to transport terminals, pedestrian walkways/crossings, sports stadia arrivals/egress, and evacuation analyses.