Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:15:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Arisa Mandarino Pereira.pdf: 822408 bytes, checksum: 5607ce9cfb143ed2b5233a56791a74cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-23 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of zoonotics parasites of dogs and cats in soil of public squares at Serop?dica City in state of the Rio de Janeiro according to diagnostic tests. All 25 registered squares of this city participated in this study being visited at least once. Considering the soil area as rectangular, five soil samples were collected, with about 250g each one. All fresh fecal samples of dogs and cats found during the visits were collected. In total were 125 soil samples submitted to Dunsmore et al. s technique (1984) and Adaptation of Rugai s methods (CARVALHO et al., 2005) and 81 fecal samples were analyzed according to Willis', Hoffman s and centrifuge- flotation techniques. The soil and feces samples were processed and analyzed at the laboratory of Cocc?dios e Coccidioses PSA (EMBRAPA/UFRRJ). The ?2 test with 5% of significance was made in Epinfo program 2002 to evaluate the association between parasites prevalence and diagnostic tests used. Eggs of Ancylostomatids, Toxocarids, Trichuris spp., Ascaris spp. and larvae of Ancylostomatids and Strongyloides spp. were detected in soil of seven (28.00%) squares. The Adaptation of the of Rugai s method (CARVALHO et al., 2005), to the soil s analysis, is more efficient than the Dunsmore et al. s technique (1984) because is cheaper and easier to executed besides detecting eggs of Ancylostomatids (4.80%), Ascaris spp. (1.60%), Trichuris spp. (2.40%), larvae of Ancylostomatids (8.80%) and Strongyloides spp. (1.60%) and free living nematodes (36.80%), forms that were not detected by the Dunsmore et al. s technique (1984). The prevalence of Toxocarids eggs was similar (p= 0.213) in both techniques. In 92.50% of the 81 fecal samples collected was observed at least a parasite type in one of the technique use. The most prevalent parasite in animals` feces was Ancylostomatids (80.25%) following for Toxocarids (11.11%), cestoids (8.64%), Cryptosporidium spp. (7.41%) and Trichuris spp. (6.17%). In 34.57% fecal were observed multiple infections by two or three different types of parasites. The low prevalence of Ancylostomatids eggs in soil samples contrast with the high prevalence observed in feces, suggesting that the environment conditions are not favourable to the development and survival of its infectants forms, although it can be present in fewer amount than those capable by the techniques used. The low prevalence of Toxocarids in feces in comparison of Ancylostomatids, indicated that animals, which have access to those places, are adults and not litter, which are the main responsible to spread Toxocarids eggs in the environment. Although have been identified in feces, any cyst or protozoan oocyst was diagnosed in soil sample indicating the necessity of diagnostic techniques efficient enough to detect such parasites in soil. / Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de investigar a preval?ncia de parasitos zoon?ticos de c?es e gatos em solo de pra?as p?blicas do Munic?pio de Serop?dica segundo t?cnicas de diagn?stico. Todas as 25 pra?as registradas no munic?pio foram inclu?das no estudo sendo visitadas uma ?nica vez. Considerando a ?rea de solo como retangular, foram coletadas cinco amostras de solo com cerca de 250g cada uma. Todas as amostras fecais frescas de c?es e gatos encontradas no momento da visita foram coletadas. Ao total foram 125 amostras de solo submetidas ?s t?cnicas de Dunsmore et al. (1984) e a de Adapta??o do m?todo de Rugai (CARVALHO, et al., 2005) e 81 amostras fecais analisadas segundo as t?cnicas de Willis, Hoffman e centrifugo- flutua??o. As amostras de solo e fezes foram processadas e analisadas no laborat?rio de Cocc?dios e Coccidioses do Projeto sanidade Animal (EMBRAPA/UFRRJ). O teste do ?2 com 5% de signific?ncia foi realizado com aux?lio do programa Epinfo 2002 para avaliar a associa??o entre as preval?ncias de parasitos e as t?cnicas de diagn?stico empregadas. Ovos de Ancylostomat?deos, Toxocar?deos, Trichuris spp., Ascaris spp. e larvas de Ancylostomat?deos e Strongyloides spp. foram diagnosticados no solo de sete (28,00%) pra?as. A t?cnica de Adapta??o do m?todo de Rugai (CARVALHO et al., 2005), para an?lise do solo, foi mais eficiente que a t?cnica de Dunsmore et al. (1984) visto que ? mais barata e de f?cil execu??o al?m de detectar ovos de Ancylostomat?deos (4,80%), Ascaris spp.(1,60%), Trichuris spp. (2,40%), larvas de Ancylostomat?deos (8,80%) e de Strongyloides spp. (1,60%) e nemat?ides de vida livre (36,80%) formas que n?o foram detectadas pela t?cnica de Dunsmore et al. (1984). A preval?ncia de ovos de Toxocar?deos foi similar (p= 0,213) nas duas t?cnicas. Em 92,50% das 81 amostras fecais foi observado pelo menos um tipo de parasito em uma das t?cnicas. Os Ancylostom?deos foram os mais prevalecentes (80,25%) nas fezes dos animais, seguidos por Toxocar?deos (11,11%) cest?ides (8,64%), Cryptosporidium spp. (7,41%) e Trichuris spp. (6,17%). Em 34,57% das amostras fecais foram observadas infec??es m?ltiplas por dois e tr?s g?neros de parasitos. A baixa preval?ncia de ovos de Ancylostomat?deos nas amostras de solo das pra?as contrasta com a alta preval?ncia observada nas fezes, sugerindo que as condi??es ambientais do local s?o inadequadas ao desenvolvimento e sobreviv?ncia de suas formas infectantes, embora possam estar presentes em quantidades inferiores ?quelas capazes de serem detectadas pelas t?cnicas utilizadas. J?, a baixa preval?ncia de Toxocar?deos nas fezes quando comparada ? preval?ncia de Ancylostomat?deos indica que os animais que t?m acesso a essas pra?as s?o adultos e n?o filhotes, principais disseminadores de ovos de Toxocar?deos. Embora identificados nas fezes, nenhum cisto ou oocisto de protozo?rio foi diagnosticado nas amostras de solo, indicando a necessidade do desenvolvimento de t?cnicas diagn?stico eficazes na detec??o desses.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007- Patricia Giupponi Cardoso.pdf: 1457957 bytes, checksum: 77491851c890766bcc83bde133994ac6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) is a no contagious infectious illness caused by Leishmania protozoa genera affecting skin and mucous membranes basically being a zoonotic infection. The aim of this study was to cany out phlebotominic fauna survey in ACL human cases occurrence areas. For sandfly collection monthly systematic captures by Castro trap from 6 o clock p.m. to 10 o clock p.m. for 12 months were performed. The diptera were placed on 70% alcohol bottles and carried to Sergio Arouca Public Health National School Biological Sciences Department Vectors Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, where they have been clarified and identified, as well. For dogs serology, blood samples from invaded residences animals as well as from a neighbour one, by venous puncture were taken. After serum centrifugation and separation, samples were stored at 20?C till serological assays performance at FIOCRUZ Public Health Nation School Immunodiagnosis Laboratory. The following methods: Indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction (IFIR) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used. From October, 2004 to September, 2005, 2390 units from four species were captured. The predominant species was the Lutzomyia intermedia with 97.1% from total collected, followed by L. whitmani 1.6%, L.migonei 1.21% and L.oswaldoi 0.09 %. From 35 dogs serology: 60% (21) no reagent animals were reported, 22.9% just for ELISA, 2.9% for IFIR, and 14.2% (5) reagent animals for both techniques, definitely positive. No correlated evidences between serologies (IFIR+/ELISA+ and other results) in regard to animals residence (ill or neighbour) by Fisher statistical test were reported. It might be suggested that ACL transmission in Serop?dica County has basically been spread by Lutzomyia intermedia specie. The presence of reagent dogs unless suggestive injury may contribute for new ACL reports. / A Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) ? uma doen?a infecciosa n?o contagiosa causada por protozo?rios do g?nero Leishmania que acomete a pele e mucosa, sendo primariamente uma infec??o zoon?tica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar o levantamento da fauna flebotom?nica em ?reas com ocorr?ncia de casos humanos de LTA. Para coleta dos fleb?tomos foram realizadas capturas mensais sistem?ticas utilizando o capturador de Castro, no hor?rio das 18 ?s 22h, durante 12 meses. Os d?pteros foram colocados em frascos contendo ?lcool 70% e transportados para o laborat?rio de Vetores do Departamento de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas da Escola Nacional de Sa?de P?blica S?rgio Arouca, Funda??o Oswaldo Cruz, RJ, onde foram clarificados e identificados. Para sorologia dos c?es, amostras de sangue foram coletadas por venopun??o em animais residentes nos domic?lios acometidos e de c?es vizinhos. Ap?s centrifuga??o e separa??o do soro, as amostras foram conservadas a -20?C, at? o momento da realiza??o dos ensaios sorol?gicos no laborat?rio de Imudiagn?stico da ENSP, da FIOCRUZ. Empregaram-se os seguintes m?todos: Rea??o de Imunofluoresc?ncia Indireta (RIFI) e o enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Foram capturados 2390 exemplares de flebotom?neos entre os meses de outubro de 2004 a setembro de 2005, pertencentes a quatro esp?cies. A esp?cie predominante foi a Lutzomyia intermedia com 97,1% do total coletado, seguida pela L. whitmani 1,6% , L.migonei 1,21% e L.oswaldoi 0,09 %. Da sorologia de 35 c?es: 60% (21) animais foram considerados n?o reativos; 22,9% reativos somente para ELISA; 2,9% somente RIFI e 14,2% (5) dos c?es reativos para as duas t?cnicas, conclusivamente positivos. N?o houve evid?ncias de associa??o entre sorologia (RIFI+/ELISA+ e outros resultados) com a propriedade do animal (paciente ou vizinho), segundo o teste exato de Fisher. Aparentemente a transmiss?o da LTA no munic?pio de Serop?dica esteja sendo veiculada pela L. intermedia. A presen?a de c?es reativos sem a exist?ncia de les?o sugestiva pode contribir para novos focos da LTA, funcionando como um animal em potencial para manuten??o da protozoose.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Jose Luis Acceta.pdf: 1494804 bytes, checksum: 4db4aa22a40640a9df16fa4956f3db06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-03 / This work?s objective was to evaluate the occlusion?s viability of the bronchial stump by use of cyanoacrylate, verifying your efficacy and velocity of adhesion, and after-surgery animals recovery. Fifteen dogs, without defined races, males and females, adults were utilized and submited to the partial lobectomy (after traumatism), and the bit extremity was full-filed with cyanoacrylate. The clinical evolution was observed on the 15 subsequent days, by verifying the breath pattern, blood presence and seroma and air in thoracic cavity. The dogs stay housed during 15 days; then the sucture points were take out and the animals go home. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar clinicamente a viabilidade da oclus?o do coto br?nquico com utililiza??o de adesivo a base de cianoacrilato ap?s lobectomia. Foram utilizados 15 c?es, SRD, machos e f?meas, acima de dois anos de idade, atendidos na Cl?nica Veterin?ria S?o Francisco e no Hospital das Cl?nicas Veterin?rias (HCV) da UNIPLI em emerg?ncia, com les?es pulmonares cujo tratamento cir?rgico necessitou lobectomia pulmonar. Realizou-se a lobectomia completa do lobo pulmonar comprometido, e a extremidade do coto foi preenchida com adesivo ? base de cianoacrilato. A evolu??o cl?nica foi avaliada nos 15 dias subsequentes, atrav?s da verifica??o do padr?o respirat?rio e presen?a de sangue, seroma ou ar na cavidade tor?cica. Os c?es ficaram internados por 15 dias, quando ent?o os pontos foram retirados e os animais receberam alta. O adesivo de cianoacrilato mostrou-se clinicamente eficiente na execu??o e manuten??o da pneumostasia de coto bronquial remanescente em lobectomias totais.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anselmo Silva Ramos.pdf: 9452970 bytes, checksum: 54edbfe5612f83c527cf96b62151498d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-25 / Based on the premisse that the oral trauma might cause the introduction of bacteria in the bloodstream, this study was developed aiming at investigating the frequency of transitory bacteremia in different dental procedures and the usual in dogs and the risk of infectious endocarditis in these animals. 36 dogs were were evaluated and classified as to the degree of the periodontal disease in six treatments: T1 (n=5) healthy gum/ negative control;T2(n=6) mild gingivitis; T3 (n=6) moderate or severe gingivitis/feeding;T4(n=6)moderate or severe gingivitis / toothbrushing t5(n=6)moerate or severe periodontitis/ removal of subgum plaque ;T5(n=7) severe periodonctis / exodontia. Blood samples for hemogram and hemoculture were obtained before the procedures, and two for hemoculture with thirty-minute breaks after the procedures. The hemoculture was performed in triphasic hemobac and the hemograms in electronic counter. After that, the animals were sumitted to cardiac assessment by ultrasound tests. A great accumulation of plaque was observed in animals of different ages especially in the upper molar and premolar teeth. The hemogram revealed values indicative of ANN, normal leucometria and trombocitopenia in all groups. There were 22 % of positive hemocultures beforem, 32,2% immediately after and 30 minutes after the procedures with mostly Staphylococcus sp and Streptococcus sp .In the ultrasound tests there were no alterations indicative of proliferative vegetative lesions. The diameters of the atria and ventricles were smaller in the animals with periodontitis. The cardiac debt was also smaller in these animals. The thickness of the walls of the ventricles were smaller in the healthy animals. The average mitral thickness did not significantly vary in the healthy animals and the ones with PD. The average values were compatible with endocardiosis (3,39 +_ 0,71) in 31 animals. The two represent the measurement of the diameter of the root of the Aorta out of the limits and the relation LV/AO made cardiopathy evident in at least 15 animals. The cardiac debt was smaller in the animals with PD within the group of weight associated with other parameters of the ventricular function suggest a PD effect on the cardiocirculatory activity. / Com base na premissa de que o trauma oral pode provocar a introdu??o de bact?rias na corrente sangu?nea, este estudo foi desenvolvido com a finalidade de investigar a freq??ncia de bacteremia transit?ria em diferentes procedimentos odontol?gicos e usuais em c?es e o risco de endocardite infecciosa nesses animais. Foram avaliados 36 c?es classificados quanto ao grau da doen?a periodontal em seis tratamentos: T1 (n=5) gengivas saud?veis / Controle negativo; T2 (n=6) - gengivite leve; T 3 (n= 6) gengivite moderada ou grave / alimenta??o; T 4 (n= 6) gengivite moderada ou grave / escova??o; T 5 (n=6) - periodontite moderada ou grave / remo??o da placa subgengival; T6 (n=7) periodontite grave / exodontia. Amostras de sangue para hemograma e hemocultura foram obtidas antes dos procedimentos, e duas para hemocultura com intervalos de 30 minutos ap?s os procedimentos. A hemocultura foi realizada em Hemobac trif?sico e os hemogramas em contador eletr?nico. Ap?s, os animais foram submetidos ? avalia??o card?aca pela ecocardiografia. Em animais de diferentes idades foi observado grande ac?mulo de placa, sobretudo nos pr?-molares e molares superiores. O hemograma revelou valores indicativos de ANN, leucometria normal e trombocitopenia em todos os grupos. Obteve-se 22% de hemoculturas positivas antes, 32,2% imediatamente e 30 minutos ap?s os procedimentos com predom?nio de Staphylococcus sp e Streptococos sp. Na avalia??o ultrassonogr?fica n?o foram evidenciadas altera??es indicativas de les?es proliferativas vegetativas. Os di?metros dos ?trios e ventr?culos foram menores nos animais com periodontite. Tamb?m o d?bito card?aco foi menor nesses animais. A espessura da parede do ventr?culo foi menor nos animais sadios. A espessura m?dia da mitral n?o variou significativamente entre animais sadios e com DP. Os valores m?dios foram compat?veis com endocardiose (3,39 ? 0,71) em 31 animais. Dois apresentaram a mensura??o do di?metro da raiz da aorta fora dos limites e a rela??o VE/AO evidenciou cardiopatia em pelo menos 15 animais. O d?bito card?aco menor em animais com DP na mesma faixa de peso em associa??o com outros par?metros da fun??o ventricular sugere um efeito da DP sobre a atividade cardiocirculat?ria.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-11T21:02:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Daniel de Castro Trindade.pdf: 4241082 bytes, checksum: 050e5970f8afecacd5ab5af40fcf6348 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-11T21:02:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Daniel de Castro Trindade.pdf: 4241082 bytes, checksum: 050e5970f8afecacd5ab5af40fcf6348 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-29 / The heart rate variability (HRV) consist in a method able of assess the modulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) on the heart, allowing to determine possible simpatovagal changes. The analysis of time and frequency domain are types of signal processing used to investigate this variability, both dependent of the measures of RR intervals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the simpatovagal balance through HRV analysis by Holter method in dogs with valvar disease submitted to convencional drug therapy for heart failure or associate with Pimobendan. We used 37 adult dogs (13 males and 24 females), 03-14 years old and different breeds constituting 03 groups: CONT (healthy dogs without any treatment); CTP (dogs with heart failure receiving conventional therapy for CHF) and CTP + Pimo (dogs with heart failure receiving conventional therapy for CHF, associated with Pimobendan). The Holter examination was performed in different veterinary clinics in the Rio de Janeiro state, lasting 30 minutes and after a minimum period of 30 days from starting treatment. The parameters studied were: minimum heart rate; mean; maximum and QRS number. In the time domain were studied values: NN mean, SDNN, SDANN, SDNN index, rMSSD and pNN50. In the frequency domain the values studied were: Fc; HF; LF; VLF; LF / HF. Statistical values were showed as mean ? sem. The mean values of minimum heart rate, mean, maximum and QRS complex number of the different groups showed no statistical significance (P> 0.05). The mean values of the study of HRV in the time domain, the CTP and CTP + Pimo groups showed significant reduction (P <0.05) of the following parameters (SDNN; SDANN; SDNNIDX; RMSSD and pNN50) vs CONT group. In the heart rate variability in the frequency domain, CTP and CTP + Pimo groups showed significantly lower values of total power spectrum vs CONT (P <0.05); LF smaller values of CTP vs CONT group (P <0.05); larger values of LF of CTP + Pimo vs CTP group (P <0.05); smaller values of VLF of CTP + Pimo vs CONT group (P <0.01); lower values of LF / HF of CTP vs CONT group (P <0.05) and higher values to CTP + Pimo vs CTP group (P <0.01). Our study showed significant changes in HRV reduction in the time and frequency domains in CTP and CTP + Pimo groups when compared to CONT group. However, dogs treated with Pimobendan showed no significant evidence of improvement in their HRV parameters when compared to other dogs with heart failure that did not receive this drug, at least during the period proposed in this study. The changes in HRV parameters in dogs with heart failure were able to maintain even working with patients showing large breed diversity, of weights, sex and age; showing significant lower values in time and frequency domain when compared to normal dogs. The Pimobendan therapy, still no described in literature as able to influence HRV parameters in dogs with heart failure, in our study showed that animals treated with this drug showed larger sympathetic modulation, verified by LF/HF relation. / A variabilidade da frequ?ncia card?aca (VFC) constitui um m?todo capaz de aferir a modula??o do Sistema Nervoso Aut?nomo (SNA) sobre o cora??o, permitindo determinar poss?veis altera??es simpatovagais. A an?lise do dom?nio de tempo e frequ?ncia s?o tipos de processamento de sinal utilizados para investigar essa variabilidade, ambos dependentes da efic?cia das medidas dos intervalos RR. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o balan?o simpatovagal atrav?s da an?lise da VFC pelo m?todo de Holter em c?es portadores de doen?a valvar submetidos ? terapia farmacol?gica convencional para insufici?ncia card?aca ou associada ? droga Pimoendan. Utilizamos 37 c?es adultos (13 machos e 24 f?meas), de 03 a 14 anos de idade e de diferentes ra?as, formando 03 grupos experimentais: CONT (c?es sadios n?o submetidos a qualquer tratamento); CTP (c?es cardiopatas submetidos ? terapia convencional para ICC) e CTP + Pimo (cardiopatas submetidos ? terapia convencional para ICC, associada ao Pimobendan). O exame Holter foi realizado em diferentes cl?nicas veterin?rias do estado do RJ, com dura??o de 30 minutos e ap?s um per?odo m?nimo de 30 dias do in?cio das terapias. Os par?metros estudados foram: frequ?ncia card?aca m?nima; m?dia; m?xima e N? QRS. No dom?nio do tempo foram estudados os valores de: NN m?dio, SDNN, SDANN, SDNN ?ndex, rMSSD e pNN50. No dom?nio da frequ?ncia foram estudados os valores: HF; LF; VLF; LF/HF. Os valores estat?sticos foram representados como m?dia ? s.e.m. Os valores m?dios das frequ?ncias card?acas m?nima, m?dia, m?ximas e n?mero de complexos QRS apresentados pelos c?es dos diferentes grupos n?o mostraram signific?ncia estat?stica (P > 0,05). Nos valores m?dios do estudo da VFC no dom?nio do tempo, os animais dos grupos CTP e CTP + Pimo apresentaram redu??o significativa (P < 0,05) dos seguintes par?metros (SDNN; SDANN; SDNNIDX; RMSSD e pNN50) vs grupo CONT. No dom?nio da frequ?ncia, os grupos CTP e CTP + Pimo mostraram valores significativamente inferiores da pot?ncia total de espectro vs CONT (P < 0,05); menores valores de LF do grupo CTP vs grupo CONT (P < 0,05); maiores valores de LF do grupo CTP + Pimo vs CTP (P < 0,05), menores valores de VLF do grupo CTP + Pimo vs CONT (P < 0,01); menores valores da raz?o LF/HF do grupo CTP vs CONT (P < 0,05) e maiores valores para CTP + Pimo vs CTP (P< 0,01). Nosso estudo mostrou mudan?as significativas da redu??o da VFC nos dom?nios do tempo e da frequ?ncia nos grupos CTP e CTP + Pimo quando comparados ao grupo CONT. Por?m, c?es tratados com Pimobendan n?o mostraram evid?ncia significativa em melhora de seus par?metros da VFC quando comparado aos outros c?es cardiopatas que n?o receberam esta droga, pelo menos durante o per?odo proposto nesse estudo. As altera??es em par?metros da VFC em c?es cardiopatas foram capazes de se manter mesmo trabalhando com pacientes apresentando grande diversidade racial, de pesos, sexo e idade; mostrando valores significativamente inferiores nos dom?nios do tempo e frequ?ncia quando comparados aos c?es normais. A terapia com Pimobendan, ainda n?o descrita na literatura como capaz de influenciar par?metros da VFC em c?es cardiopatas, em nosso estudo mostrou que animais tratados com essa droga apresentaram maior modula??o simp?tica, comprovada atrav?s da rela??o LF/HF.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-19T10:50:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Silvio Rodrigues da Silva.pdf: 1225497 bytes, checksum: d2f9db78af36de26e8b7a7201b2e6407 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-19T10:50:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Silvio Rodrigues da Silva.pdf: 1225497 bytes, checksum: d2f9db78af36de26e8b7a7201b2e6407 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / It evaluated the prevalence and potential risk factors for the occurrence of ticks in dogs from January 2000 to December 2014 in two private veterinary clinics, located in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Fifteen hundred records were systematically sampled from an unknown population. Fifteen hundred records were systematically sampled from an unknown population. Statistical analysis was performed considering the outcome variable, tick presence (group 1) and positive tick + negative tick / positive hemoparasite (group 2) and the explanatory variables, sex, age, race, size, neighborhood, and clinic. An exploratory analysis was made to verify the distribution of the prevalence of ticks and their range of 95% confidence, considering all the explanatory variables for the presence of ticks. Differences in the prevalence also were testing by reason proportions test. Bivariate and multivariate analysis by logistic regression models were using to verify the relationship of the outcome of interest and their potential risk factors through the prevalence ratio (PR). The adopted modeling strategy was based on the bivariate analysis. After then, variables were selected to be included in the multivariate model. Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) were estimated to indicated the most parsimonious multivariate model. All statistical analysis was performed in the statistical package R. Of all the 1,500 records of dogs in 264 (17.60% [95% CI: 15.67, 19.52]) had the infestation by ticks in group 1 and 372 (24.80% [95% CI: 22 61, 26.98]) in group 2. Sex and age were not considered risk factors. There were differences in parasitism between races within groups 1 and 2. Males Cocker Spaniel, medium-sized and Bangu were the variables with the highest prevalence in both groups. German Shepherd race does not configured risk factor for ticks, confirmed by the most parsimonious model (PR = 1.77 [95% CI: 0.44, 07.10]). The Cocker Spaniels as well as animals living in Bangu had 7.5 [95% CI: 3.01, 18.53] and 1.7 [95% CI: 1.20, 2.32] times, respectively, more chance to be parasitized by ticks. The prevalence of hemoparasite transmitted by ticks should be considered as supplementary data for ticks epidemiological studies in dogs. This is the first study to rank the dog breeds in relation to the prevalence of parasitism by ticks. / Foi avaliada a preval?ncia e os potenciais fatores de risco para a ocorr?ncia de carrapatos em c?es no per?odo de janeiro de 2000 ? dezembro de 2014 em duas cl?nicas veterin?rias particulares, localizadas na zona oeste do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Mil e quinhentos prontu?rios foram amostrados sistematicamente de uma popula??o desconhecida. A an?lise estat?stica foi realizada considerando as vari?veis desfecho, presen?a de carrapato (grupo 1) e carrapato positivo + carrapato negativo/ hemoparasito positivo (grupo 2) e as vari?veis explicativas, sexo, idade, ra?a, porte, bairro e cl?nica. Para verificar a exist?ncia de fatores de risco, foram utilizadas desde testes de infer?ncia de Qui-Quadrado (??) at? o ajuste de modelos de regress?o log?sticas. Dos 1500 prontu?rios em 264 (17,60% [IC95%: 15,67; 19,52]) haviam registro de infesta??o por carrapatos no grupo 1 e 372 (24,80% [IC95%: 22,61; 26,98]) no grupo 2. As vari?veis sexo e idade, em ambos os grupos n?o foram consideradas potenciais fatores de risco. Houve diferen?a no parasitismo entre as ra?as dentro dos grupos 1 e 2. Machos de Cocker Spaniel Ingl?s, porte m?dio e Bangu foram as vari?veis com maiores preval?ncias de registros em ambos os grupos. Pastor Alem?o foi a ?nica ra?a que n?o configurou como potencial fator de risco para a presen?a de carrapato. No modelo mais parcimonioso apenas a ra?a Pastor Alem?o (RP=1,77 [IC95%:0,44; 07,10]) n?o se apresentou como potencial fator de risco. A ra?a Cocker Spaniel assim como animais que residem no bairro Bangu apresentaram 7,5 [IC95%:3,01;18,53] e 1,7 [IC95%:1,20; 2,32] vezes, mais chances de serem parasitados por carrapatos respectivamente. A preval?ncia de hemoparasitoses transmitidas por carrapatos deve ser considerada como dados complementares para estudos epidemiol?gicos de carrapatos em c?es. Esse ? o primeiro estudo a ranquear ra?as de c?es quanto ? preval?ncia de parasitismo por carrapatos.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-07T14:26:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Tassia Torres Furtado.pdf: 14895763 bytes, checksum: 7d611b6398d83fa875abc58ca88acab3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-07T14:26:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Tassia Torres Furtado.pdf: 14895763 bytes, checksum: 7d611b6398d83fa875abc58ca88acab3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / The ascomycete yeast C.guttulatus, has long been recognized as a component of the normal microflora of rabbits and other herbivores. More recently, a possible association between this yeast and gastro-intestinal illness in dogs has been reported by researchers in Europe, EUA, Japan and Brazil. The current study combined morpho-phenotypic and molecular (PCR-RFLP and nucleotide sequencing), methods to examine C.guttulatus cultures recovered from Brazilian rabbits (15 isolates) and dogs (7 isolates), with the objectives of developing a means for the differential identification of C. guttulatus and to improve existing knowledge of the biology of this organism. Microscopic and macroscopic examination of isolated colonies in combination with zymogram analysis (carbohydrate fermentation tests), was unable to provide a definitive identification for the suspect cultures. In silico restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of virtual PCR amplicons (corresponding to the D1-D2 domain of the gene encoding 26S ribosomal RNA of C.guttulatus and other yeast species known to be associated with dogs), indicated that digestion with the restriction enzymes DdeI, HaeIII and MspI would allow the differential identification of C. guttulatus. In vitro restriction analysis of PCR amplicons confirmed the predictions of the in silico analysis and demonstrated that differential identification of C.guttulatus could be a made using only two enzymes (DdeI and MspI). Sequencing of D1-D2 amplicons demonstrated the presence of substantial nucleotide variation within the cultures examined and divided them into three groups, denominated sequence types (ST?s). Two of these groups were closely related to each other. The third sequence type showed extensive nucleotide variation and may represent a novel species or subspecies within the genus Cyniclomyces / A levedura, Cyniclomycesguttulatus ? um ascomiceto e tem sido reconhecida como um componente da microbiota natural de coelhos e outros herb?voros. Mais recentemente, uma poss?vel associa??o entre esta levedura e doen?as gastrintestinais em c?es tem sido relatada por pesquisadores na Europa, EUA, Jap?o e Brasil. O presente estudo combinou m?todos de an?lises morfol?gica e molecular (PCR-RFLP e sequenciamento de nucleot?deos), para examinar culturas de C. guttulatus recuperados de coelhos brasileiros (15 isolados) e c?es (7 isolados), com o objetivo de desenvolvimento de um m?todo para a identifica??o diferencial de C. guttulatus e melhorar o conhecimento existente sobre a biologia desse organismo. O exame microsc?pico e macrosc?pico das col?nias isoladas em combina??o com an?lise do zimograma (testes de fermenta??o de carboidratos), n?o foi capaz de fornecer uma identifica??o definitiva para as culturas suspeitas. As an?lises in silico de polimorfismo de comprimento de fragmentos de restri??o (RFLP) de produtos de PCR virtuais (correspondentes ao dom?nio D1/D2 do gene 26S RNA ribossomal de C.guttulatus e outras esp?cies de levedura conhecidas como associadas a c?es), indicou que a digest?o com a enzimas de restri??o Ddel, HaeIII e MspI permitiria a identifica??o diferencial de C. guttulatus. As an?lises das digest?es in vitro de produtos de PCR confirmaram as previs?es das an?lises in silico e demonstrou que a identifica??o diferencial de C.guttulatus poderia ser feita usando apenas duas enzimas (DdeI e MspI). O sequenciamento dos produtos de PCR do dom?nio D1/D2 demonstraram a presen?a de varia??es substanciais de nucleot?deos nas culturas analisadas e estas foram divididas em tr?s grupos, denominados de sequ?ncias tipos (ST's). Dois destes grupos estavam estreitamente relacionados uns aos outros. O terceiro tipo de sequ?ncia mostrou grande varia??o de nucleot?deos e pode representar uma nova esp?cie ou subesp?cie dentro do g?nero Cyniclomyces

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-14T11:32:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Cristina Fernandes do Amarante.pdf: 2131702 bytes, checksum: bbdd9979f22b49522b49e72392bbebd3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-14T11:32:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Cristina Fernandes do Amarante.pdf: 2131702 bytes, checksum: bbdd9979f22b49522b49e72392bbebd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / In Brazil, epidemiological studies on canine dermatopathies are scarce and the literature point out several gaps in knowledge about. The aim of this study was to describe the profile of canine population with dermatopathies attended by the Section of Dermatology, Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, testing associations with variables inherent to animals, eating habits, hygiene and in relation to concurrent dermatopathies. The records of all animals attended between January 2005 and December 2010 were organized in a database using the software Epi Info? version 3.5.1. The Chi-square ?? test or Fisher?s exact test, the prevalence ratios and their confidence intervals, the ?? test for linear trend and the respective Odds ratios were used to evaluate the associations. The level of significance adopted was 5%. We reviewed the records of 2,280 dogs, with a total of 3,433 diagnostics, and 113 types of dermatopathies were identified. The population studied was composed predominantly of females (55.2%), adults (58.3%) and defined breed animals (67.32%). The categories of dermatopathies more prevalent were: allergic (41.35%), bacterial (23.94%) and endocrines (22.41%). The categories not zoonotic (94.12%) predominated over zoonotic diseases (5.88%). The more prevalent dermatitis were: atopic dermatitis - AD (31.67%), hypothyroidism (20.75%), bacterial folliculitis (8.42%), demodicosis (8.29%), flea infestation (7.67%) otitis by M. pachydermatis (6.14%), bacterial otitis (5.92%) and flea allergic dermatitis ? FAD (5.8%). Sex was significantly associated with AD, hepatoid adenoma, acute moist dermatitis - AMD, hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism and demodicosis. Significant differences were observed in relation to age and AD, folliculitis, hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism, scabiosis, demodicosis, dermatophytosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and neoplasms. The prevalence of AD, FAD, contact dermatitis, hypothyroidism, scabiosis, discoid lupus erythematosus, otohematoma and neoplasms varied with significant differences in relation to animal breed. In addition, there are statistical evidences of association between: AD and hypothyroidism, use of perfumes and cleaning products; FAD and AD, food allergic dermatitis and type of food; AMD and neutering, hair type and AD; hypothyroidism and neutering; demodicosis, hair type and neutering; sporotrichosis and contact with injuried animals. The study population is characterised by high prevalence of dermatopathies of the categories allergic, bacterial, endocrines, fungal and parasitic diseases and low prevalence of dermatozoonoses. The nosology of the population studied is consistent with the type of service offered by the Section of Dermatology, which is most seek for solving complex problems and in several occasions by private practitioners. It should be noted that the studied population was examined by a dermatologist from an University Veterinary Hospital where the technology could overcome the private clinics. Therefore, despite the validity of results, these should not be extrapolated without care for other populations. The variety of the diagnostics performed indicates that the diagnosis and management of dermatopathies must receive higher attention from graduates and specialists / No Brasil, estudos epidemiol?gicos sobre dermatopatias caninas s?o escassos e a literatura aponta v?rias lacunas no conhecimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil da popula??o canina atendida no Setor de Dermatologia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, e das dermatopatias, testando-as quanto ?s associa??es com vari?veis inerentes aos animais, seus h?bitos alimentares, higi?nicos e em rela??o ?s dermatopatias concorrentes. Os dados de todos os prontu?rios de animais atendidos no per?odo de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2010 foram armazenados em um banco de dados elaborado no programa Epi Info? vers?o 3.5.1. O teste ?? ou exato de Fisher, as raz?es de preval?ncias e seus respectivos intervalos de confian?a, o ?? de tend?ncia linear e as respectivas odds ratio foram empregados na avalia??o da associa??o. O n?vel de signific?ncia adotado foi de 5%. Foram revisados os prontu?rios de 2.280 c?es, nos quais foram realizados 3.433 diagn?sticos e identificadas 113 dermatopatias diferentes. A popula??o estudada foi composta predominantemente por f?meas (55,2%), adultos (58,3%) e animais com ra?a definida (67,32%). As categorias de dermatopatias mais prevalecentes foram: as al?rgicas (41,35), as bacterianas (23,94%) e as end?crinas (22,41%). As categorias n?o zoon?ticas (94,12%) prevaleceram sobre as zoon?ticas (5,88%). As dermatites mais prevalecentes foram: dermatite at?pica- DA (31,67%), hipotireoidismo (20,75%), foliculite bacteriana (8,42%), demodicose (8,29%), infesta??o por pulga (7,67%) otite por M. pachydermatis (6,14%), otite bacteriana (5,92%) e dermatite al?rgica por picada de pulga- DAPP (5,8%). O sexo esteve associado significativamente a DA, ao adenoma hepat?ide, a dermatite ?mida aguda- DUA, ao hipotireoidismo, ao hiperadrenocorticismo e ? demodicose. Diferen?as significativas foram observadas em rela??o ? idade e a DA, ? foliculite, ao hipotireoidismo, ao hiperadrenocorticismo, ? escabiose, ? demodicose, ? dermatofitose, ao l?pus eritematoso sist?mico, e as neoplasias. As preval?ncias de DA, DAPP, dermatite por contato, hipotireoidismo, escabiose, l?pus eritematoso disc?ide, otohematoma e neoplasias variaram com diferen?as significativas em rela??o ? ra?a. H? evid?ncias estat?sticas de associa??o entre: DA e hipotireoidismo, uso de perfumes e produtos de limpeza; DAPP e DA, dermatite al?rgica alimentar e tipo de alimento; DUA e castra??o, tipo de pelagem e DA; hipotireoidismo e castra??o; demodicose, tipo de pelagem e castra??o; esporotricose e contactantes com les?o. A popula??o estudada caracteriza-se por apresentar altas preval?ncias de dermatopatias nas categorias al?rgicas, bacterianas, end?crinas, parasit?rias e f?ngicas e baixas preval?ncias de dermatozonoses. O quadro nosol?gico da popula??o ? coerente com o tipo de servi?o oferecido pelo setor de dermatologia, que ? mais procurado para resolver problemas complexos e em muitas ocasi?es por indica??o de cl?nicos gerais. Deve-se ressaltar que popula??o estudada foi examinada por dermatologista em Hospital Veterin?rio de uma Universidade onde a capacidade tecnol?gica pode superar a da maioria das clinicas privadas. Portanto, apesar da validade interna dos resultados obtidos, estes n?o devem ser extrapolados sem os devidos cuidados para outras popula??es. A variedade de diagn?sticos realizados indica que o diagn?stico e o manejo das dermatopatias devem receber maior aten??o por parte dos graduandos e especialistas

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:17:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Ione Soares Ferreira Ginuino.pdf: 594140 bytes, checksum: 1524f0a5e00c7f5bb986fa9cebab4c20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-24 / With the objective to determine frequency, age and sex influences, and risk factor associated to Blastocystis hominis in feces of housed dogs and cats from the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 234 fecal samples were collected by convenience from 175 dogs and 59 cats. To the diagnostic of B. hominis in fecal samples, direct examination was used, but ferric-hematoxilin and Gomori s trichrome techniques were used in order to confirm this diagnostic. Width and length of the parasite found in fecal samples varied from 10.07 to 13.80, and 12.66 to 19.93 to dogs and cats respectively. With regards the frequency of B. hominis in housed animals, 23.42 of dogs, and 23.72% of cats were positives, independent of animal sex. Animal s age was the important factor to determine, mainly in dogs, the risk of B. hominis transmission in dwellings. / Com o objetivo de determinar a morfologia, freq??ncia, influ?ncia da idade e sexo, e fatores de risco associados ? Blastocystis hominis nas fezes de c?es e gatos domiciliados na Regi?o Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, foram coletadas amostras fecais por conveni?ncia de 175 c?es e 59 gatos. Para o diagn?stico de B. hominis, foi utilizado o exame direto, e para confirma??o do diagn?stico foram usadas ?s t?cnicas de colora??o da hematoxilina f?rrica e tricr?mio de Gomori. A largura e o comprimento de B. hominis encontrado nas amostras fecais variaram de 10,07 a 13,80&#956;m, e 12,66 a 19,93&#956;m para c?es e gatos respectivamente. Quanto ? freq??ncia de B. hominis nos animais domiciliados, 23,42% dos c?es, e 23,72% dos gatos foram positivos, independente do sexo. A idade dos animais foi um importante fator para determinar, principalmente nos c?es domiciliados, o risco de transmiss?o de B. hominis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Sylvia Cristina Silva de Azevedo.pdf: 288743 bytes, checksum: 2fb3e22ee2e2dbd442152f3dec4f8281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Cancer is one of the most serious diseases in the humanity due to several factors. Psychological issues involving this disease, aggressive surgical procedures that determine aesthetic compromising of the patient, the development of side effects by the use of chemotherapy drugs and familiar involvement are the principal aspects that surround this disease with fear and prejudice. A great number of people have traumatic experiences, including sickened of family members or close friends, which are relived by the illness of their pets. In accordance with the principles of a qualitative research, 43 owners of dogs diagnosed with malignant neoplasias were interviewed, representative of the service routine of the Service of Oncology of the Veterinary Hospital of Small Animals of the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. The selection was based on the fact that their pets had been submitted to surgery or chemotherapy. The objective of this qualitative-quantitative work done by the use of a semi-structured interview was to evaluate the perception of the owners about the cancer disease of their dogs, as well as their convictions after the treatment provided for the animals and to establish correlations between results, and, as specific objective, to verify how owners evaluate the quality of life of theirs animals after oncological treatment and the possible relationships between owners fears and adherence to the proposed treatments. The profile of the interviewed owners was composed predominantly of women older than 30 years old, educational level between high school and college education, and family income of four to ten minimum wages. The interviewed owners used the most varied synonymies to define the word cancer and they had the knowledge that the disease is not contagious. More than half of the owners had cases of cancer between members of the family and only eight of them had previously experience with the disease in pets. The most frequent fears related to the oncological treatment were related to the anaesthesia and age of the animal during the surgery as well as the side effects by the use of chemotherapy drugs. The majority of the interviewed owners related an improvement in the quality of life of theirs dogs after the therapy. All owners declared that they would treat another animal that became ill of cancer and also they would recommend the treatment to sick animals of friends and family members, and many of them did not show wish of acquiring another pet. / O C?ncer ? uma das mais graves mol?stias existentes na humanidade por in?meros aspectos. As quest?es psicol?gicas que envolvem a doen?a, os procedimentos cir?rgicos agressivos que comprometem esteticamente o indiv?duo doente, os efeitos colaterais desenvolvidos pela utiliza??o dos medicamentos quimioter?picos e o envolvimento familiar s?o os principais aspectos que cercam a doen?a de temor e preconceitos. Um grande n?mero de pessoas possui experi?ncias traumatizantes como o adoecer de parentes e amigos pr?ximos, as quais s?o revividas com o adoecimento de seus animais de estima??o. De acordo com os princ?pios de uma pesquisa qualitativa, foram entrevistados 43 propriet?rios de c?es com diagn?stico de neoplasia maligna, representativos da rotina de atendimento do Servi?o de Oncologia do Hospital Veterin?rio de Pequenos Animais do Instituto de Veterin?ria da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, cuja sele??o foi baseada no fato de terem sido submetidos ? cirurgia e ou quimioterapia. Este estudo qualitativo-quantitativo, realizado atrav?s de uma entrevista semi-estruturada, teve como principal objetivo avaliar a percep??o da doen?a c?ncer dos animais pelos seus propriet?rios, assim como suas convic??es ap?s os tratamentos institu?dos nos animais e estabelecer correla??es entre resultados, e como objetivo espec?fico, verificar como eles avaliam a qualidade de vida de seus animais ap?s o tratamento oncol?gico e as poss?veis rela??es entre os receios dos propriet?rios e a ades?o aos tratamentos propostos. O perfil dos entrevistados que aderiram ao tratamento de seus c?es foi composto principalmente por mulheres com idade superior a 30 anos, grau de escolaridade compreendido entre ensino m?dio e superior e renda familiar de quatro a 10 sal?rios m?nimos, e utilizaram as mais variadas sinon?mias para definir a palavra c?ncer e tinham o conhecimento de que a doen?a n?o ? contagiosa. Mais da metade dos propriet?rios possu?a casos de c?ncer na fam?lia e apenas oito tinham experi?ncia anterior com a doen?a em animais de estima??o. Os temores relacionados ao tratamento oncol?gico mais freq?entes foram a anestesia e a idade do animal na cirurgia e os efeitos colaterais na quimioterapia. Grande parte deles considerou melhor a qualidade de vida de seus animais ap?s o in?cio dos tratamentos institu?dos. Todos os propriet?rios declararam que tratariam outro animal que adoecesse de c?ncer e recomendariam o tratamento aos animais adoecidos de amigos e parentes, e muitos n?o demonstraram vontade de adquirir outro animal de estima??o.