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Showing 1 to 3 of 3 (0.035 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"calorie"" "subject:"calores""
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Influência de diferentes doses suprafisiológicas de triidotironina sobre adipocinas na obesidade e após a perda de pesoLuvizotto, Renata de Azevedo Melo [UNESP] 23 August 2010 (has links) (PDF)
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luvizotto_ram_dr_botfm.pdf: 1198793 bytes, checksum: 382632d84e62659b419cf0c7556d0905 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Obesidade, uma alteração do estado nutricional, é definida como um acúmulo excessivo ou anormal de tecido adiposo que pode deteriorar a saúde. O tecido adiposo participa ativamente na regulação de energia corporal. As células adiposas produzem várias substâncias biologicamente ativas, as adipocinas, com diferentes funções fisiológicas. A disfunção dos adipócitos, como ocorre na obesidade, pode alterar a liberação de adipocinas, como leptina, resistina e adiponectina. A restrição calórica afeta a regulação da expressão gênica do tecido adiposo, normalizando as alterações das adipocinas causadas pela obesidade; entretanto, este mecanismo ainda é pouco conhecido. Sabe-se que resistina, adiponectina, leptina e hormônios tireoidianos estão envolvidos na regulação do balanço energético. Entretanto, não é bem estabelecido os efeitos do hipertireoidismo sobre as adipocinas em ratos obesos e obesos submetidos à restrição calórica. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência de diferentes doses de triiodotironina (T3) sobre a concentração sérica e expressão gênica de leptina, resistina e adiponectina em animais obesos e obesos submetidos à restrição calórica. Para isto, foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos separados inicialmente em controle (C) e obeso (OB). Os animais C receberam dieta padrão e os OB receberam dieta hipercalórica por 20 semanas. Após o período de indução de obesidade, os animais OB foram randomizados em grupo obeso (OB), obeso com dose de 5 μg de T3/100g de peso do animal (OS1), obeso com dose de 25 μg de T3/100g de peso do animal (OS2), obeso submetido à restrição calórica (RC), RC com dose de 5 μg de T3/100g de peso do animal (RS1) e RC com dose de 25 μg de T3/100g de peso do animal (RS2). Os grupos restritos receberam 75% do... / Obesity, an alteration of the nutritional state, is defined as an excessive or abnormal accumulation of adipose tissue that can cause health to deteriorate. Adipose tissue actively participates in the regulation of bodily energy. Adipose cells produce several biologically active substances, including adipokines, with different physiological functions. Dysfunction of adipocytes, as occurs in obesity, can alter the release of adipokines such as leptin, resistin and adiponectin. Calorie restriction affects the regulation of gene expression of adipose tissue, normalizing the alterations of adipokines caused by obesity; however, this mechanism remains poorly understood. It is known that resistin, adiponectin, leptin and thyroidal hormones are involved in the regulation of energetic balance. However, the effects of hyperthyroidism on adipokines in obese rats, submitted and not submitted to calorie restriction, are not well established. The present study aimed to analyze the influence of different doses of triiodothyronine (T3) on the serum concentration and gene expression of leptin, resistin and adiponectin in obese animals, submitted and not submitted to calorie restriction. Were used male Wistar rats initially separated into control (C) and obese (OB) groups. The C animals received control diet while OB received hypercaloric diet for 20 weeks. After the obesity-induction period the OB animals were randomly divided into obese (OB), obese with 5 μg dose of T3/100g animal body weight (OS1), obese with 25 μg dose of T3/100g body weight (OS2), obese submitted to calorie restriction (CR), CR with 5 μg dose of T3/100g body weight (RS1) and CR with 25 μg does of T3/100g body weight (RS2). The restricted groups received 75% of control group food consumption for 8 weeks. After this period, animals OS1, OS2, RS1 and ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Influência de diferentes doses suprafisiológicas de triidotironina sobre adipocinas na obesidade e após a perda de peso /Luvizotto, Renata de Azevedo Melo. January 2010 (has links)
Orientador: Célia Regina Nogueira / Banca: Gláucia Maria Ferreira da Silva Mazeto. / Banca: Vânia dos Santos Nunes / Banca: Magnus R. D. Silva / Banca: Christiane Y. M. N. N. Coimbra / Resumo: Obesidade, uma alteração do estado nutricional, é definida como um acúmulo excessivo ou anormal de tecido adiposo que pode deteriorar a saúde. O tecido adiposo participa ativamente na regulação de energia corporal. As células adiposas produzem várias substâncias biologicamente ativas, as adipocinas, com diferentes funções fisiológicas. A disfunção dos adipócitos, como ocorre na obesidade, pode alterar a liberação de adipocinas, como leptina, resistina e adiponectina. A restrição calórica afeta a regulação da expressão gênica do tecido adiposo, normalizando as alterações das adipocinas causadas pela obesidade; entretanto, este mecanismo ainda é pouco conhecido. Sabe-se que resistina, adiponectina, leptina e hormônios tireoidianos estão envolvidos na regulação do balanço energético. Entretanto, não é bem estabelecido os efeitos do hipertireoidismo sobre as adipocinas em ratos obesos e obesos submetidos à restrição calórica. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência de diferentes doses de triiodotironina (T3) sobre a concentração sérica e expressão gênica de leptina, resistina e adiponectina em animais obesos e obesos submetidos à restrição calórica. Para isto, foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos separados inicialmente em controle (C) e obeso (OB). Os animais C receberam dieta padrão e os OB receberam dieta hipercalórica por 20 semanas. Após o período de indução de obesidade, os animais OB foram randomizados em grupo obeso (OB), obeso com dose de 5 μg de T3/100g de peso do animal (OS1), obeso com dose de 25 μg de T3/100g de peso do animal (OS2), obeso submetido à restrição calórica (RC), RC com dose de 5 μg de T3/100g de peso do animal (RS1) e RC com dose de 25 μg de T3/100g de peso do animal (RS2). Os grupos restritos receberam 75% do ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Obesity, an alteration of the nutritional state, is defined as an excessive or abnormal accumulation of adipose tissue that can cause health to deteriorate. Adipose tissue actively participates in the regulation of bodily energy. Adipose cells produce several biologically active substances, including adipokines, with different physiological functions. Dysfunction of adipocytes, as occurs in obesity, can alter the release of adipokines such as leptin, resistin and adiponectin. Calorie restriction affects the regulation of gene expression of adipose tissue, normalizing the alterations of adipokines caused by obesity; however, this mechanism remains poorly understood. It is known that resistin, adiponectin, leptin and thyroidal hormones are involved in the regulation of energetic balance. However, the effects of hyperthyroidism on adipokines in obese rats, submitted and not submitted to calorie restriction, are not well established. The present study aimed to analyze the influence of different doses of triiodothyronine (T3) on the serum concentration and gene expression of leptin, resistin and adiponectin in obese animals, submitted and not submitted to calorie restriction. Were used male Wistar rats initially separated into control (C) and obese (OB) groups. The C animals received control diet while OB received hypercaloric diet for 20 weeks. After the obesity-induction period the OB animals were randomly divided into obese (OB), obese with 5 μg dose of T3/100g animal body weight (OS1), obese with 25 μg dose of T3/100g body weight (OS2), obese submitted to calorie restriction (CR), CR with 5 μg dose of T3/100g body weight (RS1) and CR with 25 μg does of T3/100g body weight (RS2). The restricted groups received 75% of control group food consumption for 8 weeks. After this period, animals OS1, OS2, RS1 and ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor
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Effets des incertitudes et de la variabilité spatiale des propriétés des sols et des structures sur le dimensionnement des semelles filantes et des conduites enterrées / Effects of uncertainties and spatial variation of soil and structure properties on geotechnical design : cases of continuous spread footings and buried pipesImanzadeh, Saber 15 February 2013 (has links)
Le sol présente une variabilité spatiale des propriétés physiques et mécaniques dont les effets sur des structures légères avec semelles filantes et sur les conduites enterrées ne sont pas bien pris en compte dans leur dimensionnement. Cette variabilité naturelle peut être très importante dans le cas de ces ouvrages car elle induit des tassements différentiels, dont les conséquences peuvent être dommageables : fissures dans les murs, les poutres ou encore des fuites dans les réseaux d’assainissement. La variabilité naturelle du sol et l'incertitude liée à la connaissance imparfaite des propriétés du sol et/ou du béton ou de l'acier de la structure sont les principales sources d'incertitude dans le choix des paramètres de calcul pour le dimensionnement de ces structures. Dans cette thèse, une approche analytique avec les méthodes probabilistes (FOSM et SOSM) et le modèle de Winkler, puis numérique avec le couplage de la méthode des éléments finis avec des approches géostatistiques ont été successivement menées pour modéliser le comportement des semelles filantes et des conduites enterrés lorsque les incertitudes sur les propriétés mécaniques du sol et de la structure sont prises en compte dans leur dimensionnement. Il apparait ainsi, l’importance du comportement longitudinal de ces ouvrages et du poids des incertitudes dans leur dimensionnement. / Soil exhibits spatial heterogeneities resulting from the history of its deposition and aggregation processes that occur in different physical and chemical environments. This inherent or natural variability can be very important in the case of the superficial geotechnical works inducing differential settlements, whose consequences on structural response can be harmful: local failures, cracking in beams or walls, leakage in sewers. Natural variability of soil and uncertainty related to imperfect knowledge in soil properties and/or of concrete or steel of the structure, are the major source of uncertainty in the choice of the design parameters. In this thesis the probabilistic methods in geotechnical engineering, the analytical Winkler model and the coupling of the finite element method with geostatistical approaches were successively used to model the behavior of shallow foundations and buried pipe networks when soil and structure uncertainties are considered in their design.
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