La réalité de l'histoire est un amalgame constitué par des faits et par l'interprétation que l'esprit leur donne. Au cœur de cette construction, les caricatures publiées quotidiennement dans les journaux jouent un rôle majeur car elles contribuent à structurer cette nouvelle réalité. En se basant sur ce postulat, il devient pertinent de le mettre en parallèle avec l'une des composantes majeures de l'identité québécoise : le nationalisme. C'est vers sa dernière manifestation d'envergure que sera dirigée notre analyse, à savoir, le référendum du 30 octobre 1995 sur la souveraineté. Date historique à la fois pour le Canada et le Québec, la polarisation linguistique démontrée à cette occasion offre une perspective fascinante. Comment, dans les semaines qui ont mené au vote, les caricaturistes du Canada anglais ont-ils représenté le projet de séparation? Scruter minutieusement les dessins de presse offerts aux lecteurs nous permettra sans doute de mieux comprendre la complexité des rapports qu'entretiennent les anglophones du Canada vis-à-vis du projet indépendantiste québécois. / Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2013

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There are vanous definitions of the concept humour, each depending on the perception thereof. Such perceptions are influenced by shared experiences, culture, milieu and individual creativity. Pictorial humour is divided into various sub genres such as the caricature, cartoon and comic strip. Each one of these sub genres portrays an individual process of development, both locally and globally. The work of TO Honiball forms part of this tradition. His artistic personality and sense of humour is unmistakably portrayed in his creative work. Honiball became famous as a political cartoonist and played an important role in the rise of the National Party, seeing that his association with the Nasionale Pers provided him with a forum as opinion-former. It is said that his comic strips Oom Kaspaas, Jakkals en Wolf and Adoons-hulle influenced different age groups and even people who were not Afrikaners. It was however mainly Afrikaans-speaking people who strongly identified with these strips due to the strong Afrikaans character thereof. Various instances own Honniballiana, where it is being preserved and is available for research purposes. A number of marketing initiatives were launched to promote the work of Honiball, mainly by TO Honiball-Promosies. Despite the fact that much of his work is dated, new interest is generated by utilising his work in educational programmes. Honiball's body of work is a source for culture-historical research seeing that it offers references to the tangible and intangible culture of Afrikaans-speaking South Africans during his lifetime. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Etlike definisies bestaan van die begrip humor, afhangend van die persepsie daarvan. Sodanige persepsies word beïnvloed deur onder andere gedeelde ondervindings, kultuur, milieu en individuele kreatiwiteit. Pikturale humor word onderverdeel in verskillende sub-genres, soos die karikatuur, spotprent en strokie. Hierdie sub-genres toon elk 'n afsonderlike ontwikkelingsgang, plaaslik en globaal. Die werk van TO Honiball vorm deel van dié tradisie. Sy kunstenaarspersoonlikheid en humorsin word eweneens onmiskenbaar verbeeld in sy skeppings. Honiball het bekendheid verwerf as politieke spotprenttekenaar en het 'n belangrike rol gespeel in die opgang van die Nasionale Party, omdat sy verbintenis met die Nasionale Pers aan hom 'n forum gebied het om as meningsvormer op te tree. Daar word beweer dat sy strokiesreekse Oom Kaspaas, Jakkals en Wolf en Adoons-hulle verskillende ouderdomsgroepe en selfs mense van ander volksgroepe as die Afrikaner bereik het. As gevolg van die eg- Afrikaansheid daarvan het egter hoofsaaklik Afrikaanssprekendes sterk aanklank daarby gevind. Verskillende instansies is in besit van Honiballiana, waar dit bewaar word en beskikbaar is vir navorsingsdoeleindes. 'n Aantal bemarkingsinisiatiewe is geloods om Honiball se werk te promoveer, hoofsaaklik deur TO Honiball-Promosies. Ten spyte van die feit dat talle voorbeelde van sy werk gedateer is, word nuwe belangstelling gegenereer deur middel van die aanwending van sy werk in opvoedkundige programme. Honiball se oeuvre bied bronne vir kultuurhistoriese navorsing aangesien dit verwysings bied na die geestelike en stoflike kultuur van Afrikaanssprekendes gedurende sy leeftyd.

The illustrative work of Edward Linley Sambourne for Punch magazine during the period 1901-1910 addresses a myriad of political topics prevalent during the Edwardian period in British history. This thesis examines two of those topics - Women's Suffrage and Socialism - through their artistic treatment by one of Britain's most influential periodicals. Through a study of the historical context and iconography of selected cartoons-of-the-week, one is better equipped to understand and appreciate the meaning, message, and humor in the cartoons. Chapter 1 introduces the Sambourne, Punch magazine, and the Edwardian period in general. Chapters 2 and 3 discuss four Women's Suffrage cartoons and four Socialism cartoons respectively. Chapter 4 draws conclusions regarding Sambourne's techniques as a cartoonist as well as the relationship between the text and image in his illustrations.

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-03-19T17:49:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tao_perto.pdf: 14815217 bytes, checksum: e50a3bfe314240a743ac3c073ddbd810 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-19T17:49:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tao_perto.pdf: 14815217 bytes, checksum: e50a3bfe314240a743ac3c073ddbd810 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente dissertação pretende analisar as caricaturas e contos de alguns periódicos e suplementos libertários e anticlericais de Buenos Aires e de Porto Alegre que circularam nessas cidades durante os anos de 1897 a 1916, procurando abordar as variadas maneiras e estratégias de que tais veículos da pequena imprensa se utilizavam para contestar, denunciar e, possivelmente, efetivar ações em prol de uma nova realidade. Utilizar-se-á da comparação para contrapor um contexto social a outro, para apontar diferenças e semelhanças entre as diversas publicações aqui estudadas, bem como ao que concerne à análise das caricaturas e dos contos, realizando aproximações e distanciamentos entre o discurso visual e o verbal de tais elementos. As caricaturas serão tratadas enquanto representações, pois se acredita que a dimensão das imagens é sempre uma (re) criação, uma (re) interpretação de um possível real e, no caso em questão, as imagens serão consideradas ainda como um instrumento de luta, uma arma de combate. Já os contos serão considerados elementos pedagógicos preciosos para a conscientização dos leitores, uma vez que a brevidade dos mesmos tencionava transmitir sem complexidade a mensagem a que se propunham. Além disso, supõe-se que tanto as caricaturas, quanto os contos apresentam um alcance maior do que as matérias extensas, ou seja, atingem um número maior de leitores, o que tanto justifica seu estudo como alude à importância desses elementos para a formação dos seus leitores. Os periódicos utilizados para o exame serão o La Protesta de Buenos Aires e os gaúchos A Luta e Lúcifer, somando-se a esses os suplementos La Obra e o Suplemento de La Protesta de Buenos Aires. / This essay intends to analyze caricatures and tales of some libertarian and anti-clerical journals and supplements from Buenos Aires and Porto Alegre which circulated in these cities during the years 1897 to 1916, in an attempt to portray the many ways and strategies used by those small press vehicles in order to contest, denounce and, possible, implement actions to promote a new reality. Comparison will be used in order to oppose a social context to another, pointing out differences and similarities between the several publications addressed in this study, as well as what concerns the analysis of the caricatures and tales, carrying out similarities and differences between visual and verbal discourse of such elements. The caricatures studied here will be treated as representations, since it is believed that the dimension of the images is always a (re) creation, a (re) interpretation of a possible reality, which in this case, the images are seen as a class struggle tool, a combat weapon. The tales, on the other hand, are considered valuable pedagogical elements in the promotion of the readers awareness, since its briefness had the intention to convey the message without complexity. Moreover, it is assumed that both the caricatures and the tales have a broader range than the longer materials, i.e., they reach a greater number of readers, which justifies this study and alludes to the importance of these elements in the formation of its readers. The periodicals that are going to be used for the analysis are La Protesta, from Buenos Aires and A Luta and Lúcifer, both from Porto Alegre, and also the supplements La Obra and Suplemento de La Protesta from Buenos Aires.

Plusieurs études de la « couverture » médiatique accordée à la vie personnelle, publique et privée, de Théodore Roosevelt montrent qu’il attira plus d’attention journalistique que nombre de ses successeurs. L’on ne saurait sous-estimer la contribution capitale des caricaturistes, même les plus sévères, à l’inaltérable popularité de Roosevelt pendant quelque trente ans. Il y a lieu de penser que nul autre président ne fut pour eux une source d’inspiration aussi constante et aussi réjouissante. Le but de la présente thèse est de replacer l’émergence de l’image caricaturée de Roosevelt dans le contexte d’une prise de conscience globale du pouvoir de la caricature sur l’opinion publique. L’humour devenant un formidable outil d’opposition ou de propagande lorsqu’il est associé à la politique, il convient d’explorer les caractéristiques de l’humour politique à l’époque de Roosevelt, et notamment en quoi il se distingue d’autres formes de critique du pouvoir en place. Est proposé dans un premier temps une rétrospective historique de la caricature politique en Europe et son émergence aux États-Unis, suivie de l’analyse en détail du « moment décisif », avec le très célèbre Thomas Nast, de l’histoire de la caricature américaine. Vient ensuite une évaluation de l’impact des caricatures sur la carrière politique de Théodore Roosevelt au moyen de plusieurs études de cas, identifiés comme les moments clés, dont la finalité est de vérifier s’il existait une véritable corrélation entre les actions du président et son image médiatique : cow-boy légendaire, homme politique au destin national, héros militaire, chef de l’exécutif controversé. / Several studies of the media coverage of Theodore Roosevelt’s personal, public and private life reveal that he attracted more media attention than many of his successors. The importance of the contribution of even the most caustic cartoonists to his enduring popularity for thirty years should not be underestimated. There are reasons to believe that no other president offered a more constant and delightful source of inspiration. The objective of this dissertation is to contextualize several cartooned images of Roosevelt within the growing awareness of the power of cartoons on public opinion. When combined with politics, humor becomes a tremendous tool for the spreading of official propaganda or of the opposition’s creed. We will therefore assess the characteristics of political humor during Roosevelt’s age and how it is distinct from other types of criticism of the establishment. We will first present a brief history of political cartoons in Europe and their rise in the United States, followed by a detailed assessment of the legacy of the famous cartoonist Thomas Nast, which represents a « defining moment » in the history of American political cartoons. This will be followed by an evaluation of their impact on Theodore Roosevelt’s political career by means of several case studies of decisive moments. The objective will be to determine whether there is a correlation between Roosevelt’s actions and his media image: mythical cowboy, politician with a national destiny, war hero, controversial chief executive.

George Grosz's paintings and drawings of Berlin during the Weimar period demonstrate a complex matrix of tensions between nature and the urban experience. In his work, mechanization, sexuality, gender and animality are recurring themes that cue the viewer to the profound anxiety that modernity had unleashed a chaotic force into the city. Using an ecofeminist analysis, I show how the disorder of the city was imagined as a primordial human condition in which a previously disavowed connection to nature was suddenly foregrounded. Though Grosz's renditions of Berlin scenes are ironic, they also revel in the demise of social order. In this thesis, I argue that Grosz's art deploys the conceptual force of unmastered nature as a critical tool, at the same time showing how nature was integrated into the cultural fabric of urban life.

Ph.D. / Evolution of life as a scientific theory was introduced officially into the South African life sciences grade twelve curriculum in 2008. This presented an opportunity to investigate how teachers could incorporate teaching strategies, involving the use of narratives and concept cartoons, into their pedagogical content knowledge to encourage the use of higher-order thinking skills and deep learning about evolution, a new topic in the curriculum. Little research has been done on how narratives and concept cartoons contribute to the development of higher-order thinking skills in teachers and their ability to use these teaching strategies to effect a better conceptualization of evolution. A mixed methods research design was adopted to establish generalizations about the teachers’ higher-order thinking skills as well as to explore their individual worldviews about evolution as a scientific theory and their perceptions about the controversy between science and religion. The quantitative and main part of the study involved a (quasi)experimental format based on interventions focusing on workshop presentations using either narratives or concept cartoons. A pre-test and post-test format was used to measure the effect of the treatments. A rubric, based on the Piagetian levels of concept development, was designed to transform qualitative responses into quantitative data. The responses to five open-ended questions of a questionnaire were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and the Mann-Whitney U test. The smaller and supportive phase of the study involved categorizing and then analyzing qualitative data, derived from different artifacts and responses to the questionnaire, in order to establish how the teachers’ worldviews influenced their perceptions of the evolution of life, the nature of science and religion. An embedded concurrent mixed methods design allowed for the simultaneous generation and collection of quantitative and qualitative data. The findings were integrated and mixed to give a clearer and more global picture not only of the teachers’ ability to use higher-order thinking skills but also to reflect their conceptual ecologies of evolution.

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This thesis examines the status of caricature in the literary culture of early-nineteenth- century Britain, with a focus on the novel. It shows how the early-nineteenth- century novel developed a variety of literary forms that negotiated and remade caricature for the bourgeois literary sphere. Case studies are drawn primarily from the published writings and manuscript drafts of Thomas Love Peacock, Jane Austen, Mary Shelley, and Walter Scott. The first chapter elucidates the various meanings and uses of 'caricature' in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, when the term was more ambiguous and broadly applied than literary criticism and print history have acknowledged. I counter the assumption that the single-sheet satirical print was central to conceptions and practices of caricature in this period, giving examples of the textual, dramatic, and real-life 'caricatures' that were more often under discussion. The second and third chapters consider the unstable distinction between textual caricature and satirical characterisation in early-nineteenth-century literary culture. They explain how the literary construction of textual caricature developed from two sources: Augustan rulings against publishing satires on individuals, and caricature portraits as a pastime beloved of genteel British society. I argue that Peacock and Austen adapted forms of 'caricaturistic writing' that were conscious of the satirical literary work's relation to caricature. Subsequent chapters turn to the thematic uses of caricature in the early-nineteenth- century novel. In the fourth chapter, I uncover the significance of caricature to deformity in Mary Shelley's fiction, presenting evidence that her monsters' disproportion was inherited from the 'real-life' caricatures diagnosed in philosophical and medical texts of the eighteenth century. The final chapter traces ideas about caricature through the writings of Walter Scott, and finds that Scott conceived of exemplary graphic and textual caricatures as artefacts of antiquarian interest.