Este trabalho trata do desenvolvimento de um material didático, sob a forma de cadernos (presentemente, em forma de capítulos), acompanhado de protótipo de circuito simples para testes experimentais, a ser utilizado no ensino de nível médio. O conteúdo reunido nos cadernos abrange o desenvolvimento analítico de tópicos pertinentes à física-matemática, esquema para a construção do protótipo e exemplos utilizando recursos computacionais. Mais especificamente, buscou-se enfatizar o ensino dos tópicos de equações e sistemas lineares, motivados por fenômenos físicos. Pretendeu-se explorar o aspecto experimental (com a construção e o uso de protótipo de circuitos simples), o analítico (com a resolução de equações e sistemas lineares, e com uma introdução à programação linear) e o computacional (com uso da planilha eletrônica). Em todos os conteúdos desenvolvidos, é dada especial ênfase à interpretação, à análise e à validação dos resultados. Com este material, procura-se oferecer ao professor um conjunto de atividades didático-pedagógicas, que possam estimular a sua atuação crítica e criativa. E que, também, propiciem a reflexão e a análise na identificação e resolução de problemas, a fim de desencadear processos cognitivos que levem o aluno a compreender as interrelações entre a física e a matemática. / This paper is about the development of a didatic material, under the way of notebooks (here, in chapters), accompained by the prototype of simple circuit for experimental tests, to be used in high school teaching. The issue brought in the notebooks comprehends the analytic development of the topics that belong to the physics- mathematics, scheme for the building of the prototype and examples with the use of computer resources. More specifically, applied to the teaching of the topics of equations and linear systems, motivated by physics phenomena. It was intended to explore the experimental aspect (with the building of simple circuit prototype), the analytic (with the resolution of equations and linear systems, with an introduction to the linear programming) and the computer (with the use of electronic chart). In all the topics developed, a special emphasis is given to the interpretation, analysis and validating of the results. With this material, it was intended to offer the teacher a set of didatic- pedagogical activities that can stimulate the critical and creative acting. And that can also provide the thinking and analysis in the identification and resolution of problems, with the aim of triggering cognitive processes that lead the student to understand the inter-relations between physics and mathematics.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-04-20T17:56:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 luisguilhermedasilvacosta.pdf: 5093972 bytes, checksum: 6380895e21a76520d3f4a10aad5a3371 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-04-24T16:50:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 luisguilhermedasilvacosta.pdf: 5093972 bytes, checksum: 6380895e21a76520d3f4a10aad5a3371 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-24T16:50:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 luisguilhermedasilvacosta.pdf: 5093972 bytes, checksum: 6380895e21a76520d3f4a10aad5a3371 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-24 / Atualmente, há um grande interesse no desenvolvimento de transceptores PLC (power line communication) para a transmissão banda larga e banda estreita de dados visando, sobretudo, aplicações smart grids e de acesso banda larga. Para o avanço da tecnologia PLC, há grande demanda pela introdução de acopladores com características e desempenhos que viabilizem a conexão dos tranceptores PLC `as redes de energia elétrica, com o mínimo de distorção possível. Neste contexto, a presente contribuição versa sobre o estudo, a investigação, especificação, projeto e análise de acopladores capacitados para transceptores PLC SISO (single input single output) banda larga e banda estreita. Para tanto, são introduzidos acopladores PLC nas seguintes faixas de frequências: de 9 kHz `a 2 MHz, de 1,7 MHz `a 100 MHz e de 1,7 MHz `a 150 MHz. As análises dos projetos e dos protótipos dos acopladores, concebidos para operar nas referidas bandas, mostram as dificuldades encontradas para garantir que as especificações de projeto sejam atendidas quando os componentes passivos são comerciais e a faixa de frequência de operação do acoplador aumenta. Além disso, as análises confirmam a necessidade de consideração de técnicas de prototipação de placas de circuitos impresso para sinais de frequência elevada. Finalmente, os resultados de medição mostram que os acopladores para baixa frequência discutidos podem ser utilizados em sistemas de medição de canais PLC. / Currently, there is a great interest to develop power line communications (PLC) transceivers for broadband and narrowband data communications for smart grids and network access. However, for advancing PLC technologies, there is a great demand for introduction of couplers for connecting the PLC tranceivers to the electric energy circuits with minimum distortion. This contribution addresses the study, investigation, specification, design, and analysis of capacitive couplers for single input single output (SISO), broadband and narrowband PLC transceivers. Capacity and SISO PLC couplers covering the following frequencies bandwidth are addressed: from 9 kHz up to 2 MHz, from 1,7 MHz up to 100 MHz and from 1,7 MHz up to 150 MHz. The analysis performance of the designed and prototyped PLC couplers for operating in the aforementioned frequencies bandwidths, shows the inherent difficulties to guarantee that the design specifications are fulfilled when passive components are commercial ones and the frequency bandwidth increase. Additionally, the analysis confirms the need for taking into account advancing prototyping techniques for dealing with high-frequency signals. Finally, the measurements show that the discussed narrowband PLC couplers can be used in a PLC channel system.

Submitted by CLAUDIO LIMA (cjclima@ig.com.br) on 2012-09-03T14:52:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Claudio Lima.pdf: 1362787 bytes, checksum: 33ad663e51bc89c4218bfa523542178f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2012-09-03T15:17:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Claudio Lima.pdf: 1362787 bytes, checksum: 33ad663e51bc89c4218bfa523542178f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2012-09-04T18:56:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Claudio Lima.pdf: 1362787 bytes, checksum: 33ad663e51bc89c4218bfa523542178f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-04T18:57:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Claudio Lima.pdf: 1362787 bytes, checksum: 33ad663e51bc89c4218bfa523542178f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-26 / This thesis discusses the Brazilian Official Expertise of Criminal Nature, showing an analysis of its structure, organs, agents, autonomy, and denominations, with the intention of reaching measures to ensure the excellent performance of the work undertaken by the competent institutions, through a proposal of modernization of forensic organization in Brazil, taking into account the autonomy of the institution in each state, proposing the unification of the names of those institutions, and introducing a new organization chart, aiming at promoting a more objective administration of those organs. In pursuit of this purpose, this work was developed through two types of research: a bibliographical one, carried out in order to construct knowledge about the reality of the issues, with emphasis on the grounds that expert activity is a function of the state and another, accomplished through questionnaires administered to presidents of Associations and Unions linked to the Criminal Skills, trying to get opinions on the ideal model for structuring Bodies Officers Criminal Nature of Brazil. / O presente trabalho versa sobre a Perícia Oficial Brasileira de Natureza Criminal, mostrando uma análise de sua estrutura: órgãos, agentes, autonomia e denominações, na intenção de alcançar medidas que assegurem a excelência no desempenho dos trabalhos desenvolvidos pelas Instituições competentes, consolidando uma proposta de modernização organizacional da criminalística brasileira, levando em consideração a autonomia dessas em cada Estado, propondo a unificação das suas denominações e dos respectivos cargos, apresentando um novo organograma, com a finalidade de promover uma administração mais objetiva daqueles órgãos. Na busca deste propósito, este trabalho foi desenvolvido por meio de dois tipos de pesquisa: uma de natureza bibliográfica para o conhecimento da realidade das questões relacionadas, com destaque para a fundamentação de que a atividade pericial de natureza criminal é função do Estado, e outra realizada por intermédio de questionários com presidentes de associações e sindicatos dos peritos oficiais ligados a Perícias Criminais, buscando obter informações sobre a estrutura atual e opiniões relativas ao modelo ideal de estruturação para os Órgãos Oficiais de Natureza Criminal do Brasil.

The diploma thesis focuses on building a business development plan of the company, which deals with the implementation of strategic objectives, especially the development of preventive oncology program in a specialized center. This thesis includes all aspects taken into consideration at business plan realization. The business plan is a result of research based on analysis of market, competition, potential customers and financial evaluation.

Abstract This thesis concentrates on joint optimization of transmit power allocation and receive filtering in multiuser, multi-antenna communications. Due to the increasing number of wireless devices, the design of energy-efficient communication links is becoming increasingly important. In cellular mobile communications, reducing the average power consumption in uplink transmission is beneficial for users in order to extend battery life and, hence, energy efficiency in general. However, the power consumption of the high power amplifier (HPA) at the transmitter depends on the peak power of the transmission. This thesis focuses on power allocation problems for single-carrier (SC) frequency division multiple access (FDMA) and orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) transmission assuming iterative reception. The goal in the first scheme presented in this thesis is to reduce the average power consumption by designing a power allocation method that takes into account the convergence properties of an iterative receiver in multiuser uplink communications. The proposed scheme can guarantee that the desired quality of service (QoS) is achieved after a sufficient number of iterations. Reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in any transmission system is beneficial because it allows the use of inexpensive, energy-efficient power amplifiers. The goal in the second scheme presented in this thesis is to control the PAPR of the transmitted signal. Hence, in addition to the QoS constraint, the instantaneous PAPR constraint is derived for SC-FDMA and OFDMA transmission. Moreover, a statistical approach is considered in which the power variance of the transmitted waveform is controlled. The QoS and PAPR constraints are considered jointly and, therefore, the proposed power allocation strategy jointly takes into account the channel quality and the PAPR characteristics of the power amplifier. However, the PAPR constraint can be adopted to any SC-FDMA or OFDMA framework and it is not restricted to the scheme presented in this thesis. The objective of the optimization problems considered throughout the thesis is to minimize the sum power. The majority of the derived constraints are non-convex and therefore, two alternative successive convex approximations (SCAs) are derived for all the non-convex constraints considered. The numerical results show that the proposed power allocation strategies can significantly reduce the average transmission power of users while allowing flexible PAPR control. Hence, the proposed methods can be used to extend battery life for users and especially improve the QoS at the cell edges. / Tiivistelmä Väitöskirjassa tutkitaan lähettimessä tapahtuvan tehoallokoinnin sekä vastaanottimessa tapahtuvan signaalin suodatuksen yhteisoptimointia monikäyttöön suunnatussa langattomassa moniantennikommunikaatiossa. Langattomien laitteiden lukumäärän kasvaessa energiatehokkuuden merkitys tiedonsiirtolinkkien suunnittelussa korostuu. Soluihin perustuvassa langattomassa tietoliikenteessä keskimääräisen tehonkulutuksen pienentäminen ylälinkkilähetyksessä (käyttäjältä tukiasemaan) on tärkeää käyttäjän kannalta, sillä se pidentää laitteen akun kestoa. Lähettimen tehovahvistimen (high power amplifier (HPA)) tehonkulutus on kuitenkin verrannollinen lähetyksen huipputehoon. Väitöskirjassa luodaaan uusia menetelmiä sekä vertaillaan tehoallokointia yhden kantoaallon taajuustason monikäyttöön (single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA)) ja ortogonaalisen taajuustason monikäyttöön (orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA)) perustuvissa lähetysteknologioissa. Työn ensimmäisessä osiossa tavoitteena on keskimääräisen tehonkulutuksen pienentäminen monen käyttäjän ylälinkkikommunikaatiossa suunnittelemalla tehoallokointimenetelmä, joka ottaa huomioon iteratiivisen vastaanottimen konvergenssiominaisuudet. Työssä ehdotettu menetelmä takaa vastaanotetun informaation halutun laadun (quality of service (QoS)) riittävän monen vastaanottimessa tehdyn iteraation jälkeen. Huipputehon ja keskitehon suhteen (peak to average power ratio (PAPR)) pienentäminen missä tahansa lähetyksessä on hyödyllistä, sillä sen ansiosta voidaan käyttää energiatehokkaampia ja halvempia tehovahvistimia. Työn jälkimmäisessä osiossa tavoitteena on kontrolloida lähetetyn signaalin huipputehon ja keskitehon suhdetta. Työn ensimmäisessä osiossa esitetyn QoS-rajoitteen lisäksi tehoallokointia rajoitetaan symbolisekvenssikohtaisella PAPR-rajoitteella SCFDMA- ja OFDMA-lähetyksessä. Lisäksi esitetään tilastollinen menetelmä, jossa rajoitetaan lähetetyn signaalin tehon varianssia. Kun käytetään yhtäaikaisesti QoS- ja PAPR-rajoitteita, voidaan tiedonsiirtokanavaan suunnitella optimaalinen tehoallokointi ottaen huomioon tehovahvistimen epälineaarisuudet. Työssä esitetty PAPR-rajoite on kuitenkin geneerinen, ja se voidaan sovittaa mihin tahansa SCFDMA- tai OFDMA- optimointikehykseen. Työssä esitettävien optimointiongelmien tavoitteena on käyttäjien summatehon minimointi. Suurin osa työssä esiintyvistä ongelmista on ei-konvekseja, joten siinä esitetään kaksi vaihtoehtoista peräkkäinen konveksi approksimaatio (successive convex approximation (SCA)) -menetelmää kaikille ei-konvekseille rajoitteille. Numeeriset tulokset osoittavat, että esitetyt tehoallokointimenetelmät pienentävät merkittävästi keskimääräistä tehonkulutusta mahdollistaen lisäksi adaptiivisen PAPR-kontrolloinnin. Väitöskirjassa esitettyjen menetelmien avulla voidaan pidentää mobiilikäyttäjien akun kestoa sekä erityisesti parantaa solun reunakäyttäjien palvelun laatua.

El presente trabajo se enfoca en la mejora de la calidad concerniente a los elementos estructurales de un centro comercial, a efectos de reducir y minimizar las No Conformidades más relevantes que se presentaron en obra. El proyecto se basó en la construcción y ampliación de locatarios de un centro comercial que tendrá como fin su alquiler. Mediante la aplicación del Análisis Causa Raíz y con las herramientas de diagrama de Ishikawa y diagrama de Pareto, se pudo encontrar las posibles causas del incumplimiento de la calidad en los elementos estructurales, las que subsecuente se validaron a fin de determinar acciones correctivas. En el primer capítulo se señala el planteamiento del problema, problemas principales, secundarios, justificación del estudio, limitación y los objetivos generales y específicos. En el Segundo Capitulo se señala el marco teórico, donde menciona la calidad en el Perú, la gestión de la calidad total, los costos de la calidad en la construcción, ingeniería de la calidad y definiciones. En el tercer capítulo se indica la utilización del Análisis Causa Raíz, las herramientas Diagrama Causa Efecto y Diagrama de Pareto. En el cuarto capítulo, se presenta el desarrollo del análisis de causa raíz mediante una secuencia de pasos. En el quinto capítulo, La Evaluación Económica, Presupuesto de obra, Costo de Reparación y Análisis del Gasto Incurrido. Finalmente, en el capítulo seis, se presentará las conclusiones y recomendaciones del presente trabajo. / This work focuses on quality improvement concerning the structural elements of a shopping center, in order to reduce and minimize the most relevant Non-Conformities that occurred on site. The project was based on the construction and expansion of tenants of a shopping center that will be rented as its purpose. By applying the Root Cause Analysis and using the Ishikawa diagram and Pareto diagram tools, it was possible to find the possible causes of quality noncompliance in the structural elements, which were subsequently validated in order to determine corrective actions. In the first chapter the problem statement, main and secondary problems, justification for the study, limitation and general and specific objectives are indicated. In the Second Chapter the theoretical framework is pointed out, where it mentions the quality in Peru, the total quality management, the costs of quality in construction, quality engineering and definitions. The third chapter indicates the use of Root Cause Analysis, the Cause Effect Diagram and Pareto Diagram tools. In the fourth chapter, the development of root cause analysis is presented using a sequence of steps. In the fifth chapter, The Economic Evaluation, Construction Budget, Repair Cost and Incurred Expense Analysis. Finally, in chapter six, the conclusions and recommendations of this work will be presented. / Trabajo de investigación

Diplomová práce se zaměřuje na praktické využití metod projektového managementu pro návrh řešení projektu Okruhové Dny. Práce je nejprve zaměřena na specifikaci teoretických poznatků dané problematiky, načež navazuje analýzou současného prostředí firmy. Na základě těchto výstupů a specifik je posléze vytvořen i samotný návrh řešení projektu. Cílem této magisterské práce je vytvořit podrobný popis a plán projektu, který slouží zejména ke zkvalitnění projektového řízení ve firmě, jakožto projektu samého.

The master thesis aims to design, implement, and compare algorithms that optimize processes in logistics, mainly in the planning phase. Heuristics and approximation genetic algorithms will find an near-optimal solution to NP-hard problem, such as the traveling salesman problem, with a delay less than several hours. The role of this algorithm is to plan an efficient route for garbage trucks that collect and distribute large-scale waste to waste yards in a specific city. The goal of the optimization is to minimize the shipping costs.

Diplomová práce je zaměřena na aplikaci metod projektového řízení ve firmě. Práce nejprve specifikuje teoretické poznatky této oblasti. Na teoretickou část navazuje analýza externího a interního prostředí dané firmy. Na základě výstupů a využití metod projektového managementu je vytvořen možný návrh řešení projektu, který vede k úspěšnému oslovení nového segmentu potencionálních zákazníků.

Diplomová práce se zaměřuje na vybrání a aplikaci metod a nástrojů projektového management ve strojírenském podniku. První část práce se zaměřuje na teoretické poznatky. Druhá část je analýza současného stavu podniku a průmyslu. Třetí část je autorův návrh, který je vytvořen na základě předchozích dvou kapitol.