In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden wesentliche Einflussfaktoren auf die Entwicklung von hochstämmigen, extensiv gepflegten Obstbäumen untersucht. Der direkte Einfluss von Klimafaktoren auf die Entwicklung der Gehölze konnte nachgewiesen werden. Dazu wurden neue Klimakennziffern definiert und durch dendrochronologische Untersuchungen Beziehungen zum Wachstum der Gehölze hergestellt. Weiterhin konnten komplexe Wechselwirkungen von klimatischen Einflüssen, Bodenwasserverhältnissen und dem Resistenzverhalten der Bäume gegenüber Winterkälte aufgezeigt werden. Für die hochstämmigen Obstbäume wurden in dem Zeitraum von mehr als 120 Jahren klima- und standortabhängige Negativ- und Positivweiserjahre aufgezeigt. Die Beziehungen zwischen den vegetativen Leistungen der Bäume und den Boden-/ und Bodenwasserverhältnissen wurden an ca. 50- , 100- und 200 jährigen Apfelbäumen untersucht und Zusammenhänge zu den Bewertungsmodellen der Reichsbodenschätzung (Bodenarten) und der Mittelmaßstäbigen landwirtschaftlichen Standortkartierung der DDR (Leitbodenformen) dargestellt. Die Gehölze zeigten standortabhängig unterschiedliche Wachstumsintensitäten. Die höchsten Zuwachsleistungen wurden an Grund- bzw. Stauwasser beeinflussten Standorten erzielt. Der Einfluss der Bodenarten an Wasser beeinflussten Standorten war innerhalb der Obstarten gering, zeigte aber Obstart spezifische Unterschiede. Die Apfelbäume erreichten auf sand- bzw. lehmüberlagerten Tonstandorten höhere Zuwachsleistungen als auf Deckton-Standorten. Bei der Obstart Birne waren die Wuchsleistungen auf Tonböden höher als an sand- bzw. lehmüberlagerten Tonstandorten. Wuchsdepressionen traten bei der Obstart Birne erst bei schweren Tonstandorten auf. Die Bedeutung der Leitbodenformen und Bodenarten trat an den Grund- bzw. Stauwasser fernen Standorten deutlich hervor. Von den untersuchten Leitbodenformen wiesen die Tieflehm- Fahlerden unabhängig von den Bodenarten die beste obstbauliche Eignung auf. Für den extensiven Anbau von Apfelbäumen auf den Leitbodenformen Sand-Rosterde und Sand-Braunerde sollten nur Standorte mit mehr als 28 Bodenpunkten verwendet werden (Bodenarten Sl 4D, Sl 3D, lS 4D,lS 3D und SL 4D). Das individuelle Verhalten von alten Apfelsorten in der vegetativen und generativen Leistung wurde auf einer starkwachsenden Klonunterlage untersucht. Eine Abhängigkeit der Zuwachsleistung der Bäume von den verwendeten Sorten, der Ertragsbildung und von den Witterungserscheinungen wurde nachgewiesen. / This thesis studied the factors that exercise essential influence on the development of tall fruit trees in extensive cultivation. We were able to prove that climatic factors directly influence the development of the trees. For achieving this we defined new climatic indicators and established relationships with the growth of the trees by means of dendro-chronological investigations. Further, we were able to prove that complex interactions exist between the climatic influences, soil water conditions and the resistance of the trees against cold in winter. For the tall fruit trees we defined negative and positive indicator years within a period of more than 120 years depending upon the climate and the location. The relationships between the vegetative performance of the trees and the soil/ and soil water conditions were studied in apple trees aged 50, 100 and 200 years and we were able to prove correlations with the evaluation models of the Reichsbodenschätzung (assessment of soil types in the German Reich) and the medium scale agricultural location mapping of the GDR (East Germany) (dominant soil forms). The growth intensity of the trees differed according to their location. The highest growth rates were reached in locations which were influenced by groundwater and/or perched water. At the locations that were influenced by water the type of soil had only minor influence within the same kind of fruit trees, however, we discovered specific differences between the individual kinds of fruit. On locations with clayey soil covered by sand or loam the apple trees reached higher growth rates than at locations where the top soil was clay. Pear trees reached higher growth rates on clayey soils than on clayey soils covered by sand or loam. Growth depressions occurred in pear trees only at locations with heavy clayey soil. Locations that were far from groundwater or perched water made the influence of the dominating soil forms and soil types very clear. From among the dominating soil forms which we investigated the pale soils with deep loam showed to be the most suitable for growing fruit trees irrespective of the kind of fruit. For extensive cultivation of apple trees on the dominating soil forms of sandy rusty soil and sandy brown soils should be used only locations with more than 28 points for soil quality (soil types S1 4D, S1 3D, IS 4D, IS 3D and SL 4D). We studied the individual behaviour of ancient apple species with respect to the vegetative and generative performance on a strongly growing clone stock. We were able to prove that the growth performance of the trees depends upon the chosen species, the yield formation and weather conditions.

La démocratisation des textes numérisés change aujourd’hui nos ambitions scientifiques. Lire les big data n’est plus un idéal auquel on aspire. Dès lors, l’interprétation des gros corpus devient un impératif et se pose en défi. Puisque les textes s’étalent naturellement dans le temps, les gros corpus prennent le plus souvent la forme des corpus chronologiques. Ceux-ci représentent ici un objet de connaissance ordonné qui approfondit notre compréhension des données sérielles et met en question la pertinence du recours à une statistique traditionnelle.Le Monde diplomatique est un mensuel sérieux et reconnu par les instances universitaires comme source de première main. En 2015, il comptait 37 éditions internationales en 20 langues. Journal français engagé à large diffusion internationale, il fait l’objet d’études universitaires nombreuses. Une analyse thématique documentée vise ici l’observation de l’évolution du discours sans complexe du mensuel dans un monde en reconstruction. Comment le MD gère-t-il l’évolution de son discours au lendemain de la chute du mur de Berlin et jusqu’à la fin de la guerre mondiale contre le terrorisme ? La fin du XXe siècle et le début du XXIe siècle est un laps de temps assez court et pourtant foisonnant.Au confluent de ce double intérêt pour les données sérielles chronologiques et l’analyse de l’évolution thématique du MD, une série textuelle chronologique regroupant plus de 5000 articles publiés entre 1990 et 2008 qui comptent plus de 11 millions d’occurrences est réduite à une maquette. Celle-ci devient un prêt-à-monter rapide qui nous assiste dans une lecture qui articule les niveaux descriptifs de la textualité pour aller au fond des moments de sens stabilisé, pour arriver au bout de la marche du temps et pour pratiquer une sémantique appropriée dans toute sa complexité. / Dealing with big data today is becoming a big challenge for scholars who are conducting corpus-based studies. As producing texts spreads normally over time, scholars are interfacing increasingly with chronological corpora. Studying time series deepens our understanding of chronological data and modifies our ideas about the appropriate statistical analysis. The Monde diplomatique is a monthly newspaper distributed worldwide. In 2015, it had 37 editions and was read in 20 languages. As a French international journal offering serious analysis on politics, economics, culture and current affairs, it is an area of interest for several university studies. We aim here to offer a documented analysis of the evolution of its discourse in the aftermath of the Fall of the Berlin Wall and till the end of the Global War on Terror (GWOT).To analyse big corpora that stretch out over time we need to adjust our practices in corpus semantics and statistical data analysis. That is what we propose by using a scale model of a chronological corpus initially composed of more than 5000 articles (ca 11 million text words). A new reduced and authentic model guarantees appropriate approach to different text levels to study meaning over time.

Objetivo: Comparar los métodos de Demirjian, Nolla y Cameriere para la estimación de la edad según la edad cronológica en una población peruana. Materiales y métodos: El diseño del estudio es de tipo descriptivo, de corte transversal. Se seleccionaron 193 radiografías panorámicas aleatoriamente de niños de 6 a 14 años de edad. Se compararon la edad cronológica (EC) y la edad dental (ED) según los métodos de Nolla, Demirjian y Cameriere, utilizando las Pruebas de Rangos de Wilcoxon y Kruskall Wallis. Resultados: La media de la EC fue de 8.77±2.34 y 8.90±2.04 años para el género femenino y masculino, respectivamente. La diferencia de medias de la EC y ED de acuerdo con los métodos Nolla años, Demirjian y Cameriere años fue de -0.38, 0.96 y -0.29 años, respectivamente, para la muestra total de estudio. Conclusiones: Se encontró una correlación positiva para los tres métodos estudiados, sin embargo, el método de Demirjian mostró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa con una subestimación de -0.91 años en la muestra total. Asimismo, el método de Cameriere fue el que tuvo más cercanía a la edad cronológica. / Aim: The aim of this study is to compare Demirjian, Nolla and Cameriere methods for the estimation of dental age in peruvian population. Materials and Methods: This retrospective and cross-sectional study included 193 panoramic radiographs randomly selected from children aged between 6 and 14 years. Chronological age (CA) and dental age (DA) were compared using the Wilcoxon and Kruskall Wallis Range Tests. Results: The mean was 8.77 ± 2.34 and 8.90 ± 2.04 years of the CA for the female and male gender, respectively. The difference in means of the CA and DA according to the Nolla, Demirjian and Cameriere methods were -0.38, 0.96 and -0.21 years, respectively, for the total study sample. Conclusions: A positive correlation was found for the three methods studied, however, the Demirjian method showed a statistically significant difference with an underestimation of -0.91 years in the total sample. Also, the method of Cameriere was the closest to the chronological age. / Tesis

SammanfattningMineralisering och utveckling av visdomständer kan användas som åldersindikator i övre tonåren och används för asylsökande utan identifikation eller födelseattest. Utvärderingen görs med hjälp av dentala röntgenbilder och olika tolkningsmodeller.Målet med den aktuella studien var att undersöka åldersbedömningsmetoder på röntgenbilder av visdomständers tillförlitlighet och överensstämmelse med fokus på populationsgrupper och etnicitet. Detta är av vikt då resultat från en sådan bedömning ligger till grund för juridiska beslut huruvida en individ är vuxen eller ett barn (över eller under 18 år).En systematisk sökning genomfördes i PubMed, Embase och Cochrane enligt PRISMA-modellen, och 23 artiklar som uppfyllde inklusionskriterierna granskades av två observatörer enligt en modifierad QUADAS 2 och tio artiklar bedömdes ha låg risk för bias.Populationsbeskrivningarna var bristande. Detta leder till svårigheter att utföra bedömningar av artiklars resultat och precision, därmed också jämförelser mellan olika studier. Problemet ligger på en generell nivå då definitioner är osäkra, men samtidigt i de separata artiklarna då de inte redovisat någon definition.Det var svårt att jämföra de inkluderade artiklarna då deras syften och metoder varierade. Huvudfyndet var att de flesta artiklarna konkluderade att användningen av visdomstanden som en åldersindikator i de övre tonåren är en otillräcklig metod. Användning och betydelse av dess resultat bör därför ifrågasättas. / AbstractThe mineralization and development of the third molars can be used as an indicator of age in the upper teens and is used in purpose of assessing age in asylum seekers without identification or birth certificates. The evaluation is determined with dental radiographs and different methods of interpretation.The aim of the study was to investigate the accuracy and precision of different age estimation models of radiographs of third molars, focusing on population groups and ethnicity. This is of great importance since the results of an age assessment constitute the basis in a juridical outcome, deciding whether an individual is an adult or a child (over or under 18 years of age). A systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane was made according to the PRISMA-statement, and 23 articles which met the inclusion criteria were assessed using a modified QUADAS 2 by two observers, ten of these were graded as having low risk of bias.Population groups were poorly described, leading to difficulties in evaluating results and precision, thereby also comparisons between different studies. The problem both lay at a general level where definitions are ambivalent, but also in the separate articles where definitions are missing.It was hard to compare the included papers since their aims and methods varied. The main finding was that most of the articles concluded that the use of the third molar as an age indicator in the upper teens is an insufficient system. The use and impact of the results should thereby be questioned.

"Liszt's music, unlike that of Mozart, projects the man. With rare immediacy, it gives away the character of the composer. ... " (Brendel 1986, 3) The purpose of this study is to examine Liszt's song genre from an historical and stylistic standpoint as a reflection of Liszt's ongoing personality and style development. this end the following will be presented: - an overview of Liszt's life circumstances which reflect his personality development - a chronological classification ofLiszt's song genre - the songs viewed historically as a reflection of the man - characteristics in the revisions of the songs which reveal Liszt's ongoing developing style - a study of the development ofLiszt's harmonic and tonal language as agents of colour and textual imagery. Liszt's song oeuvre will be studied in relation to the man himself in order to revtal his motives, his values, the experiences that moved him, and the ways in which he reproduced them in music. / Department of Musicology / M.Mus.

As características de carcaças bovinas relacionam-se indiretamente com aspectos de qualidade da carne bovina, bem como permitem verificar limitações e progressos do sistema produtivo. Portanto, um retrato atual daquelas características em âmbito regional e suas variações anuais e plurianuais é ferramenta essencial na transferência de informação para o gerenciamento e sustentabilidade da cadeia de carne bovina. A análise do banco de dados de um grupo frigorífico com unidades industriais localizadas no Sudoeste de Mato Grosso do Sul, Meio-Oeste de São Paulo, Noroeste de Goiás e Triângulo Mineiro, importantes regiões para a pecuária nacional, durante 31 meses de operação industrial (janeiro de 2001 a agosto de 2003), permitiu descrever as características das carcaças bovinas nessas regiões geográficas, entre épocas do ano e entre os anos. Cada unidade foi abastecida principalmente por fornecedores do próprio estado e as regiões que mais negociaram estavam nas proximidades das unidades, exceto a unidade frigorífica de SP onde grande parte do abate teve origem no Leste de MS. As fêmeas totalizaram 13,16% dos abates e houve oferta crescente no período a partir do segundo semestre de 2002 com pequena redução no abate de machos, destes 75,96% eram castrados e 10,88% inteiros. A região teve impacto na oferta de características como classe sexual, maturidade e grau de acabamento para machos castrados, contudo houve um padrão predominante em todas as unidades em volume e freqüência de oferta, com carcaças de machos castrados de 6 a 8 dentes compondo 61,6% dos abates do grupo. A unidade de GO foi a que mais abateu machos inteiros, totalizando 36% dos abates. A unidade de MG se destacou na proporção de machos castrados até 4 dentes (novilhos) em relação aos machos castrados abatidos, com uma média de 25%. O abate de novilhos com grau de acabamento 3 (espessura de gordura entre 3 e 6 mm) representaram 7,9% dos abates, destacando-se MS e SP em volume de abate e proporção, com 2/3 dos novilhos atingindo este acabamento. A oferta de carcaças de novilhos e de novilhos com grau de acabamento 3 ocorreu em dois momentos do ano, de abril a junho e de agosto a novembro. No período estudado, a oferta de novilhos com grau de acabamento 3 não acompanhou a oferta de novilhos, variando com a região, sendo que a unidade de SP foi abastecida de forma mais regular. O peso médio de abate dos machos castrados foi de 264,4 kg (DP ± 15,2 kg), equivalente a 17,6@ e à medida que os animais avançaram na idade aumentou a freqüência de carcaças pesadas. Carcaças acima de 18@ corresponderam à 40,6% dos adultos e 22,9% dos novilhos. Para os novilhos com acabamento 3 a faixa de peso predominante foi de 16 -17@ em todas unidades, exceto em MG onde a classe de peso predominante esteve acima de 18@. / Beef carcass characteristics are indirectly related with meat quality and helps to identify limitations and progresses of the productive system. Wherefore establishing a picture of such characteristics and their annual and pluriannual variations represents an essential tool on information transference for the beef supply chain management and sustainability. This study was based on data from a beef industry composed by four unities located in important Brazilian regions for beef cattle production (Southeast of Mato Grosso do Sul State, Middle-West of São Paulo State, Northwest of Goiás State and at Triângulo Mineiro Region of Minas Gerais State), during 31 months (January, 2001 to August, 2003). Database analysis allowed to describe beef carcass characteristics within periods over a year and among years of industrial activity. Producers from regions close to the plants inside the same state were their main suppliers, except for the unity in the São Paulo State where a large number of animals came from East of Mato Grosso do Sul State. Castrated males represented 75.96% of total slaughter, intact males 10.88% and females 13.16%. The number of female slaughtered increased over the second semester of 2002 reducing thus the proportion of male slaughtered. There was an influence of the supplying region on sexual condition, maturity and finishing of castrated males with up to four permanent incisors (steers). However, the main carcass pattern in all unities, when considering number and frequency, was castrated males with at least six permanent incisors, representing 61.6% of total slaughter. The Goiás State’s plant slaughtered the highest number of intact males with 36% of its total slaughter. The Minas Gerais State’s plant registered the highest proportion of steers when considering castrated male slaughtered, averaging 25% of its total. Steers with finishing grade 3 (fat thickness 3 to 6 mm) represented 7.9% of all carcasses, distinguishing Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo States’ plants in which two-thirds of steers reached that finishing grade. The supply of steers finishing grade 3 had two peaks with increasing offer over the years, from April to July and from August to November. The number of these carcasses did not follow steers supply with a regional influence. São Paulo State plant was the only one regularly supplied with properly finished steers. The average carcass weight was 264.4 kg (SE ± 15.2 kg). Heavier carcasses were obtained only when animals slaughtered grew older with frequencies of carcass weight over 269.9 kg corresponding to 40.6% of the older castrated males and 22.9% of the steers. The most frequent carcass weight ranged from 240 to 254.9 kg for steers with finishing grade 3 in all plants, except for the one at Minas Gerais State where the predominant weight range was over 269.9 kg.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:47:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Ligia Mathias Pagenotto.pdf: 922652 bytes, checksum: e1b82af543602e5172552dbbb66d5e19 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aims to discuss old age and aging as personal condition and sociocultural process. It focuses on the passage of time in people‟s life, considering the articulation of chronological time and kairos time. The researcher who has been a journalist since the 1980s interviewed six journalists with the written press of the city of São Paulo; firstly, with the purpose of analyzing, through the testimonies and her own experience, the relationship between these communication professionals and the way they age in the professional environment; secondly, in order to understand in a broader way the meanings of old age and aging in the social context. In the case of Journalism, in the 1980s and 1990s, the researcher could witness, in the condition of a novice in the area, remarkable events in the history of the press in Brazil, not only from the political point of view (post-dictatorship), but also from the technological standpoint, with a series of changes in the printed media sector, especially with the inclusion, in large newspaper companies, of digital machines, and, consequently, with the replacement of many editing professionals in a broader way. The tensions of that moment were observed in her working environment, and they led her to think for the first time about her aging and that of the group in which she was entering as a novice. A group of journalists that was divided in a sharp way, mainly due to the difference in generations that of the younger journalists (between 25 and 40 years of age) and that of the older journalists (50 years and older). In addition, the researcher could take a close look on how the journalists, mainly the older ones, dealt with the imposition of new technological equipment in the newsrooms and how they were seen and treated when they were not familiarized with the new working tools. As investigation strategy, a qualitative methodology was used, with semi-structured interviews directed at these six professionals, who were freely chosen by the researcher. The only criterion that was followed was that of interviewing people who are active in their professional career of journalist and aged 60 or older - the elderly person standard established by the UNO (United Nations Organization) / Neste trabalho, pretende-se discutir a velhice e o envelhecimento como condição pessoal e processo sociocultural. Toma-se como foco a passagem do tempo na vida de pessoas, considerando aí a articulação do tempo cronológico e do tempo kairós. A pesquisadora jornalista de profissão desde a década de 1980 entrevistou seis jornalistas da imprensa escrita da cidade de São Paulo; primeiramente, com o intuito de poder analisar, por intermédio dos depoimentos e de sua própria experiência, a relação entre esses profissionais da comunicação e o modo de envelhecerem no meio profissional; e, num segundo momento, com o objetivo de compreender, de forma mais abrangente, os significados da velhice e do envelhecimento no contexto social. No caso do Jornalismo, nas décadas de 1980 e 1990, a pesquisadora pôde presenciar, na condição de recém-formada da área, acontecimentos bem marcantes na história da grande imprensa no País, não somente do ponto de vista político (pós-ditadura), como do ponto de vista tecnológico, com uma série de mudanças no setor da mídia impressa, especialmente com a inserção, nas empresas de jornal de grande porte, de máquinas digitais e, por conseguinte, com a substituição de vários profissionais da edição de um modo mais amplo. As tensões daquele momento foram observadas no seu ambiente de trabalho, levando-a a pensar, pela primeira vez, no seu envelhecimento e o do grupo em que adentrava como recém-formada. Um grupo de jornalistas que se segmentava de forma contundente, cada vez mais, sobretudo, no referente à diferença de gerações a dos jornalistas mais jovens (entre 25 a 40 anos de idade) e a dos mais velhos (dos 50 anos em diante). Além disso, a pesquisadora pôde observar de perto como os jornalistas, em sua maioria os mais velhos, lidavam com a imposição das novas aparelhagens tecnológicas nas redações de jornal e como esses eram vistos e tratados quando não se familiarizavam com os novos instrumentos de trabalho. Como estratégia de investigação, optou-se por uma metodologia qualitativa, com o uso de entrevistas semiestruturadas, dirigidas a esses seis profissionais escolhidos pela pesquisadora de maneira livre, seguindo apenas o critério de reunir pessoas que se encontram na ativa de sua carreira profissional de jornalista e com mais de 60 anos de idade, padrão de pessoa idosa estabelecido pela ONU (Organização das Nações Unidas)

Uppsatsen utforskar legenden om den helige Antonius frestelse och det intryck helgonberättelsen lämnat på konsten. En ikonografisk metod används för att beskriva den litteratur som skapat och utvecklat berättelsen och ur detta systematiseras de motiv som sedan översatts till bildkonsten. Genom att analysera nio olika avbildningar av Antonius skapas en kronologisk följd över hur skildringarna genomgått en transformation sedan 1500-talet. / This thesis explores the legend of Saint Anthony and his temptations, and the impression his hagiography has left on the visual arts. An iconographic method is employed to investigate literature connected to the origin and later evolution of the story, which is used to classify motifs and concepts subsequently translated into painting. Via analysis of nine different depictions of Anthony, a chronological sequence is formed which lists the transformation these portrayals have undergone since the 16th century.

Les sépultures collectives apparaissent dans toute l’Europe à la fin du 4e millénaire avant J.-C. Les 446 tombes mises au jour dans le Bassin de la Seine indiquent la densité et l'ampleur des constructions réalisées à cette période. Cette augmentation sans précédent de constructions funéraires est à l’origine d’une abondante bibliographie théorique. Ce travail s’est attaché à dresser une carte d’identité des défunts déposés dans deux des tombes les mieux documentées du Bassin de la Seine, Bazoches-sur-Vesle et Bury, pour reconstituer le statut des défunts, l’organisation sociale et l’idéologie funéraire de la population vivante du village ou du terroir qui ont utilisé ces tombes.Ce travail s’est appuyé sur l’analyse des squelettes, abordés selon les méthodes de la bio-archéologie et de la paléo-démographie. Des modélisations chronologiques du rythme des inhumations au sein des tombes ont été proposées, pour permettre de comparer l’évolution détaillée des dépôts. Au final, ces analyses montrent une évolution des pratiques funéraires au sein des tombes collectives sans changement de population. Contrairement aux théories avancées depuis les années 1980, les regroupements observés au sein des tombes sont rarement fondés sur des critères génétiques, mais plus particulièrement sur des critères liés aux activités pratiquées par chacun des sous-groupes qui ont partagé le monument. Au sein des dépôts, les enfants semblent avoir un statut à part, regroupés dans des zones spécifiques de la chambre funéraire. Une comparaison à l’échelle macro-régionale montre que ces caractéristiques sont communes à plusieurs allées sépulcrales, montrant l’existence d’une même idéologie dans la mort. / The collective graves appeared in all Europe at the end of the 4th millennium BC. The 446 graves known in the Paris Basin indicate the density and the extent of the constructions made during this period. This unprecedented increase of burials constructions has triggered a wide theoretical bibliography. The present work is focused on the identity of the dead deposited in two of the best documented graves from the Paris Basin, Bazoches-sur-Vesle and Bury, to reconstruct the status of the dead, the social organization and the funerary ideology of the living population of the village or the region which used these graves.The work was built from the analysis of the skeletons, approached through bio-archaeology and paleo-demography methods. Chronological models considering the rate of the inhumations into the graves were proposed, allowing to compare the precise evolution. At the end, these analyses show a real evolution of the burial practices inside the collective graves without population replacement. Contrary to the theories proposed during the 1980’, groups of dead observed inside the graves are rarely based on genetic criteria, but most of time on activities practiced by each subgroups which shared the monument. Among the deposits, the children seem to have a special status, grouped in specific areas of the burial chamber. A comparison on the macro-regional scale shows that these characteristics were common to several gallery graves, demonstrating the existence of the same funerary ideology.

"Liszt's music, unlike that of Mozart, projects the man. With rare immediacy, it gives away the character of the composer. ... " (Brendel 1986, 3) The purpose of this study is to examine Liszt's song genre from an historical and stylistic standpoint as a reflection of Liszt's ongoing personality and style development. this end the following will be presented: - an overview of Liszt's life circumstances which reflect his personality development - a chronological classification ofLiszt's song genre - the songs viewed historically as a reflection of the man - characteristics in the revisions of the songs which reveal Liszt's ongoing developing style - a study of the development ofLiszt's harmonic and tonal language as agents of colour and textual imagery. Liszt's song oeuvre will be studied in relation to the man himself in order to revtal his motives, his values, the experiences that moved him, and the ways in which he reproduced them in music. / Department of Musicology / M.Mus.