Cette thèse a pour objet l'étude des espaces classifiants pour les actions propres d'un groupe discret. La dimension géométrique propre est la plus petite dimension possible pour un tel espace (qui existe toujours). Nous montrons tout d'abord que pour un réseau dans le groupe d'isométries d'un espace symétrique de type non-compact sans facteur euclidien, la dimension géométrique propre est égale à la dimension cohomologique virtuelle. La preuve utilise le fait que si le rang réel de l'espace est supérieur ou égal à 2 et le réseau est irréductible, alors il est arithmétique. Dans ce cas, nous pouvons calculer explicitement la dimension cohomologique virtuelle à l'aide du rang rationnel. Dans un deuxième temps, nous cherchons à construire concrètement des espaces classifiants pour les actions propres de dimension minimale. Nous essayons d'adapter la construction du "rétract bien équilibré" de Soulé et Ash (pour le cas SL(n,Z)) aux groupes arithmétiques Sp(2n,Z) et Aut(SL(n,Z)). Nous montrons qu'en fait cette construction ne s'étend pas. / In this thesis we study classifying spaces for proper actions of a discrete group. The proper geometric dimension is the smallest dimension of such a space (which always exists). Firstly we prove that for a lattice in the group of isometries of a symmetric space of the non-compact type without euclidean factors, the proper geometric dimension equals the virtual cohomological dimension. The proof relies on the fact that if the space has real rank at least 2 and if the lattice is irreducible, then it is arithmetic. In this case, the virtual cohomological dimension can be explicitly computed with the rational rank. Secondly we want to construct concretely classifying spaces for proper actions of minimal dimension. We try to adapt the construction of the "well-rounded retract" of Soulé and Ash (in the case SL(n,Z)) for the arithmetic groups Sp(2n,Z) and Aut(SL(n,Z)). We show that in fact this construction does not extend.

Orientadores: Douglas Eduardo Zampieri, Andre Mendeleck / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T05:32:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MirandaNeto_Arthurde_M.pdf: 21444077 bytes, checksum: e685627c310f9057b82e1bb7b7229228 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Neste trabalho apresentamos um sistema autônomo baseado em monovisão, aplicado ao controle de um robô móvel em tarefas de navegação por ambientes desconhecidos. Para o cumprimento de tarefas de navegação, o sistema não possui conhecimento inicial sobre o ambiente, tendo como fonte primária de informações, dados oriundos do sistema de visão. Os movimentos são estruturados através de um Algoritmo Genético, que define as ações a serem executadas pelo robô móvel. O sistema foi desenvolvido em uma arquitetura multicamadas, sendo elas: Visão Computacional, Estratégias de Navegação e Comandos. A camada de visão constitui-se de dois métodos principais: método de segmentação Threshold and Horizon Finder, baseado no método de busca do limiar ótimo proposto por Otsu; e um novo método para descarte de informações redundantes, baseado no Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson. Na camada Estratégias de Navegação, apresentamos uma proposta de um sistema de navegação com aprendizado evolutivo. Na última camada Comandos, abordamos o protocolo de interface entre a aplicação e o projeto físico mecânico. Um experimento foi realizado com um protótipo real, cujos resultados validaram a metodologia proposta, demonstrando a capacidade de resposta do sistema em tempo real / Abstract: In this work we present an autonomous system based on monocular vision, applied to a mobile robot's control executing navigation tasks in an unknown environrnent. For the execution of navigation tasks, the system does not have previous knowledge of the environrnent. Its primary source of information is data originating from the vision system. The movements are structured through a Genetic AIgorithm that defines the actions to be executed by the mobile robot. The system was developed based on a multilayer architecture, where the three main layers are: Computer Vision, Navigation Strategies and Commands. The vision layer is constituted of two main methods: method of segmentation Threshold and Horizon Finder, based on the ideal threshold search method proposed by Otsu; and a new improved method for discarding redundant information, based on the Pearson's Coefficient Correlation. In the Navigation Strategies layer, we propose a navigation system with evolutive learning. In the last layer, Commands, we deal with the interface protocol between the application and the mechanical physical project. An experiment with a real prototype was executed, which results validated the proposed methodology, demonstrating that the system is able to give real time responses / Mestrado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Antes da publicação do trabalho An ideal-valued cohomological index theory with applications to Borsuk-Ulam and Bourgin-Yang theorems\"de Fadell e Husseini [20], haviam sido apenas considerados índices numéricos de G-espaços, nos casos G =\'Z IND. 2\' e G um grupo finito. No entanto, tais índices numéricos são obviamente insuficientes no caso de grupos mais complexos, como por exemplo a 1-esfera \'S POT. 1\'. Neste contexto, Fadell e Husseini introduziram o chamado Indice cohomológico de valor ideal: a cada G-espaço X paracompacto, eles associaram um ideal \'Ind POT. G\' (X;K) do anel de cohomología H*(BG;K), onde a cohomologia de Cech H* é considerada com coeficientes em um corpo K e BG é o espaço classificante do grupo G. Além disso, Fadell e Husseini associaram a este ideal o Índice cohomológico de valor numérico, o qual é definido como sendo a dimensão do K-espaço vetorial obtido do quociente entre o anel H*(BG;K) e o ideal \'Ind POT. G\' (X;K). O objetivo principal deste trabalho é apresentar um estudo detalhado deste índice e utilizá-lo no estudo dos resultados sobre grau de aplicações G-equivariantes provados por Hara em \"The degree of equivariant maps\"[24] / Before the appearance of the paper An ideal-valued cohomological index theory with applications to Borsuk-Ulam and Bourgin-Yang theorems\"of Fadell and Husseini [20], had been considered numerical indices of G-spaces, when G = \'Z IND. 2\' and when G is a finite group. However, such numerical indices are obviously insufficient in the case of groups more complexes, for example, G =\'S POT 1\'. In this context Fadell andHusseini, introduced the called valued-ideal cohomological index: to every paracompact G-space X they associated an ideal \'Ind POT. G\' (X,K) of the cohomology ring H*(BG;K), where the Cech cohomology H* is considered with coefficients in a field K and BG is the classifying space of the group G. Moreover, they associated to this ideal the numerical valued cohomological index, that is, the dimension of K-vector space obtained by the quotient between the ring H*(BG;K) and the ideal \'Ind POT. G\' (X,K). The main objective of this work is to present a detailed study of this index and use such index on the study of results on degree of equivariant maps proved by Hara in his paper The degree of equivariant maps\"[24]

The thesis deals with the study and the characterization of bypass dusts from the cement plants. The aim of the thesis is to search for the possibilities of the usage of that secondary product by means of the cement production. The thesis focuses mainly on the determination of the amount of soluble substances in the dusts, the dependence of dissolution of the soluble share on water – dust ratio, the dependence of dissolution time on the yield of the soluble share and the influence of the temperature on the yield. The physical and chemical properties of the investigated samples taken from several cement plants in the Czech Republic and Slovakia were found out by using the following methods: by TG/DTA analysis, particles size by laser diffraction, phase composition of raw materials, treated raw materials and evaporation residues by X-ray diffraction. It was further investigated whether there was a link between finesse of the particles and the content of soluble substances (chlorides). This was accomplished by classification of the bypass dusts as fine and coarse fraction on the air cassifier with the target parameter X50 1 m. The aim of the classification was to find out whether some of the fractions carry majority share of some of components.

No description available.

Ett företag har tagit fram en miljövänlig IoT produkt med sekventiell sensordata och vill genom maskininlärning kunna klassificera avvikelser i sensordatan. Det har genom åren utvecklats ett flertal väl fungerande algoritmer för klassificering men det finns emellertid ingen algoritm som fungerar bäst för alla olika problem. Syftet med det här arbetet var därför att undersöka, jämföra och utvärdera olika klassificerare inom "supervised machine learning" för att ta reda på vilken klassificerare som ger högst träffsäkerhet att klassificera avvikelser i den typ av IoT produkt som företaget tagit fram. Genom en litteraturstudie tog vi först reda på vilka klassificerare som vanligtvis använts och fungerat bra i tidigare vetenskapliga arbeten med liknande applikationer. Vi kom fram till att jämföra och utvärdera Random Forest, Naïve Bayes klassificerare och Support Vector Machines ytterligare. Vi skapade sedan ett dataset på 513 exempel som vi använde för träning och validering för respektive klassificerare. Resultatet visade att Random Forest hade betydligt högre träffsäkerhet med 95,7% jämfört med Naïve Bayes klassificerare (81,5%) och Support Vector Machines (78,6%). Slutsatsen för arbetet är att Random Forest med sina 95,7% ger en tillräckligt hög träffsäkerhet så att företaget kan använda maskininlärningsmodellen för att förbättra sin produkt. Resultatet pekar också på att Random Forest, för det här arbetets specifika klassificeringsproblem, är den klassificerare som fungerar bäst inom "supervised machine learning" men att det eventuellt finns möjlighet att få ännu högre träffsäkerhet med andra tekniker som till exempel "unsupervised machine learning" eller "semi-supervised machine learning". / A company has developed a environment-friendly IoT device with sequential sensor data and want to use machine learning to classify anomalies in their data. Throughout the years, several well working algorithms for classifications have been developed. However, there is no optimal algorithm for every problem. The purpose of this work was therefore to investigate, compare and evaluate different classifiers within supervised machine learning to find out which classifier that gives the best accuracy to classify anomalies in the kind of IoT device that the company has developed. With a literature review we first wanted to find out which classifiers that are commonly used and have worked well in related work for similar purposes and applications. We concluded to further compare and evaluate Random Forest, Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machines. We created a dataset of 513 examples that we used for training and evaluation for each classifier. The result showed that Random Forest had superior accuracy with 95.7% compared to Naïve Bayes (81.5%) and Support Vector Machines (78.6%). The conclusion for this work is that Random Forest, with 95.7%, gives a high enough accuracy for the company to have good use of the machine learning model. The result also indicates that Random Forest, for this thesis specific classification problem, is the best classifier within supervised machine learning but that there is a potential possibility to get even higher accuracy with other techniques such as unsupervised machine learning or semi-supervised machine learning.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:29:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Kenia Mara de F Siqueira.pdf: 8244663 bytes, checksum: d2dac0850022f2b52cc53ac3fa1d99ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-31 / The need to describe and document the languages threatened with extinction has been gaining importance in the last decades, given the growing risks of cultural loss and the knowledge accumulated by indigenous people. The purpose of continuity of each one of these languages is ensured by actions based on the results of studies which focus on the description of the sociolinguistic problem, as well as on the description and analysis of the linguistic aspects which characterize the language of a determined linguistic family, since the death of a language means, among many other things, an undetermined loss of the science of Linguistics and, above all, the disrespect for the rights of these people to preserve their immaterial richness. The present research has as objective to answer some questions regarding the use of classifiers, terms of classes and names in classifying function as components of the classifying system of the language Akwe-Xerente (Jê), spoken by the indigenous people of the same name. The Akwe-Xerente add up to about 3,100 people and inhabit indigenous lands in the region of Tocantinia, in the Tocantins State. The description of the system of the Xerente classification is based on theoretical functional references for the recognition and differentiation of some nominal radicals which may occur in the function of classifying or organizing the classes which show common characteristics amongst the designated items such as form, size, aspect, consistence and function. This research is structured in the following way: In Chapter 1 are presented some proposals of elaboration of typology of sociolinguistics, to outline the contact situation in which the Xerente language is found nowadays; the chapter also gives a description of the methodology used to collect, select, and the process of systematization of the data. These procedures are constituted of a sequence of steps based on the methods of research for the Linguistic of field of synchronic base. In Chapter 2 an exposition is made of the theoretical views used in the description and analysis of the aspect of the nominal classifying system of the language. Chapter 3 shows the morphological criteria used in the definition and delimitation of the concepts of the words in the Xerente language, of the name, the compound name (compound word), and some characteristics of the name referring to the possibility of marking the possession/possessor in a certain group of Xerente names. In Chapter 4, the focus is in the description of aspects of nominal classifying in relation to the nominal stems which act as terms of classes and names in classifying function. This research is part of the LIBA Project Brazilian Indigenous Threatened Languages: Documentation (description and analysis and sociolinguistic typology) and means for offering subsidies in the linguistic range for the education program, as well as contributing in the scientific recognizance of related aspects to the classifying systems and linguistic category. / A necessidade de se descrever e documentar línguas ameaçadas de extinção vem, nas últimas décadas, ganhando contornos mais significativos face ao iminente risco de perda da cultura e do conhecimento acumulado pelos povos indígenas, no sentido de que a continuidade de cada uma dessas línguas seja assegurada por ações pautadas nos resultados de estudos que visem tanto à descrição da situação sociolinguística, quanto à descrição e à análise dos aspectos linguísticos que a caracterizem como língua de uma determinada família linguística, já que a morte de uma língua significa, entre tantos outros aspectos, uma perda inestimável para a ciência Linguística e, sobretudo, uma violência contra o direito desses povos de preservarem seus bens imateriais. O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever algumas questões acerca do uso de classificadores, termos de classe e nomes em função classificadora como componentes do sistema de classificação nominal da língua Akwe-Xerente (Jê), falada pelo povo indígena de mesmo nome. Os Akwe-Xerente somam, aproximadamente, 3100 pessoas e vivem em terras indígenas na região de Tocantínia, no Estado do Tocantins. A descrição do sistema de classificação xerente fundamenta-se em referenciais teóricos funcionais para o reconhecimento e diferenciação de certas raízes nominais que podem ocorrer com funções de classificação ou na organização de classes, que indiquem características em comum entre os itens designados, tais como forma, tamanho, aspecto, consistência e função. Este estudo estrutura-se da seguinte maneira: no Capítulo 1, são apresentadas propostas de elaboração de tipologias sociolinguísticas para o delineamento da situação de contato em que se encontra a língua xerente; o capítulo traz também a descrição da metodologia usada para coleta, seleção e procedimentos de sistematização dos dados. Esses procedimentos constituem-se numa sequência de passos ancorados nos métodos de pesquisa da Linguística de Campo de base sincrônica. No Capítulo 2, é feita uma exposição do quadro teórico usado para descrição e análise de aspectos do sistema de classificação nominal da língua. O Capítulo 3 demonstra os critérios morfológicos utilizados para a definição e delimitação dos conceitos de palavra na língua xerente, de nome, de nome composto (palavra composta) e algumas características dos nomes no que concerne às possibilidades de marcação de posse/possuidor em certo grupo de nomes xerente. No Capítulo 4, o foco é a descrição de aspectos da classificação nominal em relação às raízes nominais que atuam como termos de classe e nomes em função classificadora. Este estudo faz parte do Projeto LIBA Línguas Indígenas Brasileiras Ameaçadas: documentação (descrição e análise e tipologias sociolinguísticas) e visa oferecer subsídios, em âmbito linguístico, para a elaboração de programas de educacão escolar xerente, bem como contribuir para o conhecimento científico de aspectos relacionados aos sistemas de classificação e categorizações linguísticas.

<p>This thesis examines usage of English colour terms in context, based on an extensive computerised text corpus, the Bank of English. It describes the ways in which English colour terms may be used to refer to nuances outside their normal area of designation and to attributes outside the colour domain. Usage patterns are analysed on three different levels: with regard to the overall frequency of occurrences, nominal domains and individual tokens, respectively. </p><p>Cognitive linguistics supplies the theoretical framework employed in the analyses of the observed patterns. The study identifies three types of usage where colour terms refer to peripheral colour nuances or to concepts outside the colour domain: classifying, figurative and marked usage. </p><p>When a colour term has a classifying function, it can be used outside the normal area of designation. This usage is analysed as a type of reference-point construction where a term referring to a salient point in the colour domain is used to subcategorise an entity whose actual colour may be only a peripheral member of the category named by the colour term. An analysis of the OED and the Bank of English shows that this type of usage is primarily restricted to a few of the most salient basic terms. </p><p>This study points to the close affinities between classifying and figurative usage. Figurative expressions of colour terms frequently have a classifying function. I argue that figurative meanings are derived through two types of metonymy: +SALIENT ATTRIBUTE FOR OBJECT+ and +SALIENT CONCRETE ATTRIBUTE FOR SALIENT ABSTRACT ATTRIBUTE+. </p><p>Marked usage arises when specific colour terms are used in nominal domains where the specificity is not expected. This phenomenon is consequently confined to non-basic colour terms. </p><p>On the basis of the established patterns of usage and the frequency of occurrences, this thesis suggests that the colour category may be analysed as a radial category, with the basic colour terms forming the centre. </p>

This thesis examines usage of English colour terms in context, based on an extensive computerised text corpus, the Bank of English. It describes the ways in which English colour terms may be used to refer to nuances outside their normal area of designation and to attributes outside the colour domain. Usage patterns are analysed on three different levels: with regard to the overall frequency of occurrences, nominal domains and individual tokens, respectively. Cognitive linguistics supplies the theoretical framework employed in the analyses of the observed patterns. The study identifies three types of usage where colour terms refer to peripheral colour nuances or to concepts outside the colour domain: classifying, figurative and marked usage. When a colour term has a classifying function, it can be used outside the normal area of designation. This usage is analysed as a type of reference-point construction where a term referring to a salient point in the colour domain is used to subcategorise an entity whose actual colour may be only a peripheral member of the category named by the colour term. An analysis of the OED and the Bank of English shows that this type of usage is primarily restricted to a few of the most salient basic terms. This study points to the close affinities between classifying and figurative usage. Figurative expressions of colour terms frequently have a classifying function. I argue that figurative meanings are derived through two types of metonymy: +SALIENT ATTRIBUTE FOR OBJECT+ and +SALIENT CONCRETE ATTRIBUTE FOR SALIENT ABSTRACT ATTRIBUTE+. Marked usage arises when specific colour terms are used in nominal domains where the specificity is not expected. This phenomenon is consequently confined to non-basic colour terms. On the basis of the established patterns of usage and the frequency of occurrences, this thesis suggests that the colour category may be analysed as a radial category, with the basic colour terms forming the centre.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-10-02T14:18:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLA LOUREIRO MIGUEL.pdf: 964855 bytes, checksum: 6616e8f7c99078e2a6c72141143400a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-02T14:18:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLA LOUREIRO MIGUEL.pdf: 964855 bytes, checksum: 6616e8f7c99078e2a6c72141143400a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-08-01 / The relationship that young student workers establish with fashion in clothes is discussed, given that there is a field (of fashion) with all its specificities and strategies which constructs values and belief in its goods. Both the classified and classifying goods as well as the hierarchical and hierarchizing goods create a cultural necessity and legitimize the dominant culture. This study is based on Bourdieu’s theory of practice. It analyses the meaning of family, school and work for these young workers when drawing up their values and choices (habitus), and recognizes in the type of work that they carry out (domestic help and sales women), the fundamental structure in the formation of their likes, their life style, and, especially, of the meaning that fashion in clothes acquires, depending on the place in the social strata where they find themselves. / Discute-se a relação que jovens estudantes trabalhadoras estabelecem com a modavestimenta, sendo que existe um campo (da moda) com suas especificidades e estratégias construindo valores e a crença em seus bens. Bens classificados e classificantes, hierarquizados e hierarquizantes, criando a necessidade cultural e legitimando a cultura dominante. Fundamenta- se na teoria da prática de Bourdieu. Esse trabalho analisa o significado da família, da escola e do trabalho para essas jovens na construção de seus valores e escolhas (habitus), reconhecendo no tipo de ocupação (domésticas e vendedoras) que exercitam, a estrutura fundamental na formação do gosto, do estilo de vida e, principalmente o sentido que a modavestimenta adquire, a partir da posição que se encontram no espaço social.