Submitted by Artur Godinho (arturdg@gmail.com) on 2018-09-24T17:11:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Artur Godinho v13.pdf: 875292 bytes, checksum: 72ea725390d37839282e0e0a3110e8dc (MD5) / Rejected by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br), reason: Prezado Artur, boa tarde. Deverá inserir a numeração das paginas a partir da introdução. Após a realização desse ajuste, postar novamente para aprovação. Att, Joana Alves. on 2018-09-24T19:05:18Z (GMT) / Submitted by Artur Godinho (arturdg@gmail.com) on 2018-09-24T19:53:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Artur Godinho v14.pdf: 876208 bytes, checksum: 1b66ca0441aec5a323ef39d218a7ea96 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br) on 2018-09-25T14:41:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Artur Godinho v14.pdf: 876208 bytes, checksum: 1b66ca0441aec5a323ef39d218a7ea96 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-09-25T16:22:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Artur Godinho v14.pdf: 876208 bytes, checksum: 1b66ca0441aec5a323ef39d218a7ea96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-25T16:22:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Artur Godinho v14.pdf: 876208 bytes, checksum: 1b66ca0441aec5a323ef39d218a7ea96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-29 / Este trabalho busca aprimorar um dos métodos de construção de indicadores coincidentes mais utilizados da atualidade, desenvolvido pelo The Conference Board (TCB). Esses indicadores buscam detectar mudanças no ciclo econômico de curto prazo. Para isso foi proposta a adição de uma variável que mede a demanda de fretes no cálculo do indicador e uma mudança da metodologia de determinação da relevância (ou peso) de cada variável no indicador. A nova variável é produzida pela Fretebras, uma empresa privada que atua a nível nacional no setor de transporte de cargas. Foram gerados novos indicadores coincidentes com as alterações propostas e comparados com a metodologia atual através de um indicador coincidente de referência. A adição da nova variável permitiu uma melhoria no indicador, bem como a proposta de mudança de metodologia, que neste caso, apresentou impacto mais expressivo na capacidade preditiva do indicador. / This paper seeks to improve the coincident indicator construction method developed by The Conference Board (TCB), one of the most commonly used of the actuality. These indicators seek to detect changes in the short-term economic cycle. In order to do so, it was proposed to add a variable that measures freight demand in the calculation of the indicator and a change in the methodology for determining the relevance (or weight) of each variable in the indicator. The new variable is produced by Fretebras, a private company that operates at the national level in the cargo transportation sector. New coincident indicators with the proposed changes were generated and compared with the current methodology through a benchmark coincident indicator. The addition of the new variable allowed an improvement in the indicator, as well as the proposed change in methodology, which in this case had a more significant impact on the predictive capacity of the indicator.

När personer och grupper med olika bakgrund och erfarenheter möts för att sam-arbeta förutsätts ofta att samsyn kring målen med verksamheten är en förutsätt-ning för koordinerad handling. Forskningen har dock inte kunnat visa empiriskt i vilken utsträckning samsyn är viktigt för att åstadkomma samhandling. I förelig-gande avhandling presenteras en studie som undersöker hur gemensam mening formas i sammanhang präglade av heterogenitet respektive mångtydighet samt hur koordinerad handling uppstår under sådana förutsättningar. Som empirisk grund för att kunna besvara frågeställningarna studeras FöretagsNära med stöd i me-ningsskapandeperspektiv. FöretagsNära är en ny verksamhet organiserad som ett projekt i samverkan mellan Norrköpings kommun och Arbetsförmedlingen i Norr-köping. Syftet med satsningen är att föra samman näringslivsutvecklande och ar-betsmarknadsinriktade insatser och bidra till fler arbetstillfällen i Norrköping. Ba-serat på en longitudinell fältstudie berättas om meningsskiljaktigheter och strävan efter samsyn. Den longitudinella ansatsen gör det möjligt att se utvecklingen av och komplexiteten i formandet av samsyn och samhandling. Skildringen av Före-tagsNära visar att meningsskapandet i processen tar sig olika uttryck. I fråga om syftet med FöretagsNära uppstår en kamp om meningen. Studien visar hur samsyn och samhandling relaterar till varandra på mer komplexa sätt än tidigare forskning föreslagit. Det finns ingen entydig relation mellan gemensam mening och koordi-nerad handling. Studiens resultat har både teoretisk relevans och stor praktisk be-tydelse. / When people and groups with different backgrounds and experience are brought together to cooperate, a prerequisite for coordinated action is often a shared per-spective, i.e. that they have a mutual understanding with regard to the aims of their work. However, previous research has not been able to conclude empirically whether a shared perspective is essential for bringing about joint action or not. This dissertation is the result of a study inquiring into the connection between co-incident meaning and coordinated action in situations characterised by heteroge-neity and equivocality. How does coordinated action originate in such circum-stances? The empirical case of the study is “FöretagsNära” (“Close to Companies” in English), a collaboration project between the municipality of Norrköping and the local branch of the state employment agency. The purpose of the venture is to coordinate the efforts of measures aimed at trade and industry development with labour market measures, in order to contribute to a decrease of the unemployment rate in the city of Norrköping. Based on a longitudinal field study, a narrative of clashing meanings, and a striving for mutual perspectives unfolds. The longitudi-nal approach supports an understanding of how joint action unfolds and the com-plexity involved in developing a shared perspective. The description of Företags-Nära shows that the creation of meaning in the process takes on different expressions, and a battle of meaning arises about the matter of the purpose of FöretagsNära. The connection between a shared perspective and joint action is more complex than previous research has suggested. There is no unequivocal connection between coincident meaning and coordinated action. The results of the thesis are of both theoretical relevance and practical importance.

Variable renewable energy (VRE) is becoming more present in the energy mix as society aims to shift power production from fossil fuels. Solar and wind power are VRE sources, which can result in fluctuations in the input to the network, creating supply uncertainty. The Swedish Transmission system operator (TSO), Svenska kraftnät (Svk), is obliged to ensure stability in the network, which must be considered when approving applications for subscriptions of connections to the transmission network. In the stability investigations performed before approving applications, Svk assumes that solar and wind power produces at their maximum capacity at their connection point before approving applications, to ensure safe and stable power system operation under any weather conditions. However, this might be an over-conservative assumption as the share of VRE sources increases. This is because there is an anti-correlation between wind and solar power, which results in a few colliding hours when both produce at full capacity. This study investigates the correlation between solar and wind power, evaluates the probability of high wind and solar power production coinciding at different percentages of their capacity, and analyses the potential for aggregating them in the studies performed to approve connections to the transmission network. The research method applied was an inductive approach, where a statistical analysis using Pearson's correlation and conditional probability was conducted based on reanalysed data collected from ERA5 and STRÅNG databases. The analysis showed a weak complementary correlation coefficient for all time periods, and the probability of very high production coinciding is small. If it occurs, it is more likely to happen during the first part of the year. The results show a spatial correlation in the probability. By implementing integration strategies, the conclusion is that there is a controllable risk when increasing the capacity. Even if there is a risk, it can be worth taking as more VRE sources can be connected to the transmission network. / Förnybar energi har blivit mer närvarande i dagens energimix när samhället strävar efter att förändra kraftproduktionen från fossilt till förnybara källor. Sol- och vindkraft är varierande förnybara energikällor vilket skapar fluktationer i inmatning till nätet samt ökad osäkerhet kring mängden tillgänglig produktion. Systemoperatören (TSO), Svenska kraftnät (Svk) är skyldig att säkerhetställa stabilitet i nätet, vilket måste beaktas vid ansökningar om anslutningar till transmissionsnätet. Denna studie undersöker därför korrelationen mellan sol- och vindkraft, samt utvärderar sannolikheten att hög sol- och vindkrafts produktion sammanfaller samtidigt. Forskningsmetoden som tillämpades var en induktiv metod, där en statistisk analys med Pearsons korrelationskoefficient såväl som sannolikheten mellan att deras produktion sammanföll samtidigt utfördes, baserat på återskapad väderdata insamlad från ERA5 och STRÅNG. Analysen visade svag komplementär korrelationskoefficient för alla tidsperioder och sannolikheten för att mycket hög produktion sammanfaller var liten. De tillfällen som produktionen sammanföll inträffade majoriteten under början av året. Genom implementering av de tillvalda strategierna är slutsatsen att det finns en kontrollerbar risk när man ökar den tillåtna anslutna kapaciteten sol- och vindkraft i transmissionsnätet. Det finns också en antikorrelation mellan sol- och vindkrafs produktion vilket resulterade i endast ett fåtal sammanfallande timmar när båda producerar på maximal kapacitet.