This paper seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of current literature regarding technological tools such as Wikis for their use in second language collaborative writing instruction. Some trends that have been identified in technology use for collaborative writing in the second language classroom are that students generally enjoy the technology coupled with group work, and that scaffolding between more and less advanced learners tends to occur when using these online tools. Some areas remain unclear, however, with varying results in several studies as to the quantitative effects on second language acquisition of implementing Wikis and other online tools in group writing exercises. Additionally, freeloading has been observed in various studies, which presents second language teachers with a dilemma when deciding whether to incorporate new technological tools for group work in their classrooms. Finally, this paper provides some ideas for future research directions as well as some practical suggestions and implications for foreign language teachers who wish to utilize Wikis and other collaborative online tools. / text

The thesis draws on a mixed-methods study which empirically and theoretically investigates the ways in which postgraduate students engage in collaborative learning activities facilitated by technology. The research is both significant and distinct in its approach towards understanding how learners engage in real-life computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) settings; what enables or hinders learner engagement; and how engagement shapes the learning outcomes. The ensuing findings indicate that learner engagement is embodied in human behaviour, emotions, and reflection and therefore it is described as a multi-dimensional concept. Learner engagement also appears to be a socially distributed phenomenon – rather than a stable student characteristic – influenced by various personal, group-level, and other situational factors, the most prominent of which are captured by the Hierarchical Model of Enablers and Barriers. The study also reveals that learner engagement presupposes purposeful interaction which is presented as an integrative theme capturing the impact of pedagogical design on engagement. Another observation is that particular combinations of student actions, perspectives, and characteristics tend to resurface and therefore may be considered as strong predictors of potential engagement (or disengagement). This finding led to the development of the WISE Taxonomy of Learner Engagement Archetypes which portrays the most universal engagement approaches that emerged within the studied context. Finally, findings seem to suggest that the way students envisage their learning outcomes is driven by the engagement approach each student adopts, and vice-versa. When combined, the proposed model, taxonomy, and conceptualisation of learner engagement collectively define a holistic analytical framework labelled Distributed Engagement Theory. The purpose of this mixed-methods study is to explore, understand, and subsequently explain learner engagement aiming at making an original contribution to existing CSCL literature as well as informing the design of pedagogical models for enhancing learner engagement in CSCL environments within postgraduate education.

Este artigo consiste na utilização da técnica de viewpoints como ferramenta de composição para o ambiente da livre improvisação musical. Para isso, iremos esclarecer inicialmente alguns conceitos relativos ao ambiente da livre improvisação, entre outras questões centrais como o que são viewpoints e quais são seus recursos para criação no contexto das artes performativas. Nosso objetivo final será um cruzamento entre viewpoints e a prática da livre improvisação musical, utilizando alguns procedimentos comuns a ambos ambientes de criação como a composição coletiva e a improvisação. / This article is the use of viewpoints technique applied in the free musical improvisation environment. For this, we will clarify key issues such as; what are viewpoints, resources for collaborative composition in the context of performing arts, and a conceptual approach to the creative environment of free improvisation. Our ultimate goal will be a crossover between viewpoints with the practice of free musical improvisation, using some common procedures present in both authoring environments, such as the collective composition and improvisation.

L'édition collaborative en temps réel permet à plusieurs utilisateurs d'éditer un même document simultanément grâce à des outils informatiques. Les applications d'édition collaborative en temps réel répliquent les données éditées chez chaque utilisateur, pour garantir une édition des données réactive et possible à chaque instant. Les conflits d'édition sont fréquents, et doivent être gérés automatiquement par l'application. L'application doit faire converger toutes les répliques vers un document commun, qui contient toutes les modifications exprimées par tous les utilisateurs. Les algorithmes actuels fonctionnent de manière satisfaisante pour des types de données simples et des possibilités d'édition minimes. Lorsque le document est plus complexe (document XML, texte structuré), ou qu'il peut être édité avec un ensemble élargi d'opérations (déplacement de texte, styliser du texte), lors de la résolution de conflits d'édition, les algorithmes échouent à proposer un contenu qui convienne aux utilisateurs. Les intentions des utilisateurs ne sont pas respectées. L'objectif de cette thèse est de proposer des algorithmes d'édition collaborative en temps réel qui respectent mieux les intentions des utilisateurs que les algorithmes actuels.Pour cela, nous étudions deux approches de la littérature nommées transformées opérationnelles et modèles de données répliquées commutatives, et montrons comment il est possible d'attribuer plus de sémantique aux opérations de base des algorithmes d'édition collaborative, ce qui permet aux utilisateurs d'exprimer avec plus de moyens leurs intentions, et aux algorithmes de résoudre plus efficacement les conflits d'édition / Real-time collaborative editors, like GoogleDocs or Etherpad, allow the simultaneous edition of a document by several users. These applications need to replicate the edited document, for the so called real-time purpose of permitting a fast and reactive editing by any user at any time. Editing conflicts frequently occur, and must be automatically handled by the application, in order to provide every users with the same copy of the document, containing every modifications issued. Most of current real-time collaborative editing algorithms were designed for simple data structures, like linear text, and simple editing ways, like inserting or removing a character only. These algorithms fail to offer an appropriate editing conflict resolution when used with a complex data structure, like XML, or with complex operations, like moving some text or adding some style. Copies are the sames but users' intentions are not preserved. The goal of this thesis is to design new real-time collaborative editing algorithms that ensure a better preservation of users' intentions. The first contribution of this thesis is an algorithm based on the Operational Transformation approach (OT). Our contribution is designed to handle rich text document (with stylized text and paragraphs) and to preserve the intentions of a set of high editing level operations (add style, merge paragraphs...). The second contribution uses the Commutative Replicated Data Types approach (CRDT), and offers an algorithm which preserves the update intention, while improving global performance of the approach when dealing with large blocs of data

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-06-06T13:22:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Larissa Almeida de la Rue_.pdf: 2169576 bytes, checksum: fb5bc4af5e06e38c444be3a0127d9515 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T13:22:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Larissa Almeida de la Rue_.pdf: 2169576 bytes, checksum: fb5bc4af5e06e38c444be3a0127d9515 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-27 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A referente pesquisa estuda a atualização do audiovisual colaborativo na produtora aberta e colaborativa, hitRECord. O audiovisual colaborativo é compreendido aqui a partir de Bergson (2005) e Deleuze (2004) como um misto de virtual e atual, isto é, ele se atualiza nas mídias e fora delas e fica em devir com possibilidades de inúmeras novas atualizações. No contexto da tecnocultura, o audiovisual colaborativo é pensado como um construto ou ethicidade (KILPP, 2010) construído técnica, estética e ethicamente. Através da Metodologia das Molduras, o trabalho se volta para a dissecação das interfaces (imagens técnicas) do site da hitRECord para encontrar as principais molduras, ethicidades e imaginários. Como último passo, retornamos as imagens mais tensas, os sentidos mais contraditórios nas molduras e ethicidades, elaborando uma constelação de imagens dialéticas (BENJAMIN, 2006). Para nos ajudar a entender melhor a forma de produção da hitRECord que é tão calcada no remix, buscamos como principal aporte teórico Lev Manovich (2013) e seu conceito de remixabilidade profunda. / This thesis addresses the update of the collaborative audiovisual in hitRECord, an open and collaborative production company. The collaborative audiovisual is understood here from the perspective of Bergson (2005) and Deleuze (2004) as a mix of virtual and current. It is an updated in the media and out of it and it has possibilities of numerous new updates. In the context of technoculture, the collaborative audiovisual is thought of as a construct or ethicidade (KILPP, 2010) constructed technically, aesthetically and ethically. Through the Metodologia das Molduras this work turns to the dissection of interfaces (technical images) of hitRECord’s website to find the main molduras, ethicidades and imaginaries. As a last step, we return to the tensest images, the most contradictory meanings in the molduras and ethicidades, elaborating a constellation of dialectical images (BENJAMIN, 2006). To help us better understand the way of production of hitRECord, that is based on remix, we searched in Lev Manovich (2013) and his concept of deep remixability for the main theoretical contribution.

Este artigo consiste na utilização da técnica de viewpoints como ferramenta de composição para o ambiente da livre improvisação musical. Para isso, iremos esclarecer inicialmente alguns conceitos relativos ao ambiente da livre improvisação, entre outras questões centrais como o que são viewpoints e quais são seus recursos para criação no contexto das artes performativas. Nosso objetivo final será um cruzamento entre viewpoints e a prática da livre improvisação musical, utilizando alguns procedimentos comuns a ambos ambientes de criação como a composição coletiva e a improvisação. / This article is the use of viewpoints technique applied in the free musical improvisation environment. For this, we will clarify key issues such as; what are viewpoints, resources for collaborative composition in the context of performing arts, and a conceptual approach to the creative environment of free improvisation. Our ultimate goal will be a crossover between viewpoints with the practice of free musical improvisation, using some common procedures present in both authoring environments, such as the collective composition and improvisation.

Contexte : Un programme d’amélioration de la qualité des soins est implémenté depuis2011 en France dans la filière mucoviscidose en adaptant la démarche qualité collaborativedéveloppée aux USA par la Cystic Fibrosis Foundation et le Dartmouth Institute pour lescentres spécialisés américains.Objectif : Evaluer l’apport de la participation des patients et parents d’enfants malades, auxcôtés des professionnels soignants, dans les équipes qualité des CRCM formés auprogramme qualitéMéthode : Design mixte de recherche associant un volet quantitatif sur l’évolution desindicateurs de santé des patients et un volet qualitatif selon une étude réaliste à travers uneenquête par questionnaire et focus group auprès des patients, parents et professionnelsimpliqués dans le programme qualité.Résultats : Les résultats témoignent des bonnes conditions créées par le programme pourla participation des patients et parents, de l’appropriation de cette démarche par lesprofessionnels et les patients/parents, de son utilité perçue pour améliorer la qualité dessoins et de l’évolution de la représentation de la place de l’usager dans l’amélioration del’organisation et des processus jusqu’à la considérer comme une évidence et un atout.Discussion : La démarche qualité développe la pratique collaborative interdisciplinaire etavec les patients/parents. Les progrès organisationnels observés sont concomitants dudéveloppement d’une culture de la qualité. L’implication des patients/parents dans unedémarche qualité au sein du microsystème clinique constitue une évolution majeure pourl’amélioration du système de soin. / Background: A quality improvement program (QIP) has been implemented since 2011 inthe CF care network in France adapting the Learning and Leadership Collaborative programdeveloped in the US by the CF Foundation and the Dartmouth Institute for the American CFCentre network.Objective: Assess the contribution of patients and parents of children with CF engaged inthe CF center quality improvement teams, besides their care team, to improve care in theircenter.Method: Mixed design research including a quantitative study focusing on patient outcomesevolution and a qualitative study according to a realist approach using a questionnaire andfocus groups to patients, parents and professionals engaged in the QIP.Results: Participants attested of the good conditions implemented by the QIP to allowpatient and parent engagement, a consensus about the appropriation of the quality methodand tools, the usefulness of the program to improve the quality of care; in the end, patientand parent engagement in the QIP was found to be a given and an asset.Discussion: The QIP has developed collaborative practice in multidisciplinary teams andwith patients and parents. Organizational improvements were concurrent with a cultural shifttowards a culture of quality improvement. Patient and parent engagement in a QIP within theclinical microsystem is a major development for the improvement of the health care system.

Los entornos colaborativos educacionales, así como las herramientas educacionales están tomando grandes repercusiones en nuestra sociedad, llevándose a cabo en la actualidad numerosos proyectos de investigación acerca de su construcción y su uso en comunidades educacionales. Las investigaciones llevadas a cabo durante estos años han estado basadas en la creación de entornos colaborativos y su aplicación en entornos educacionales, a través de las cuales se han realizado una serie de estudios sobre las ventajas y desventajas que proporcionan dichos entornos, tanto a nivel de arquitectura como a nivel de herramientas.Con lo cual uno de los objetivos de nuestro trabajo de investigación es ofrecer una plataforma colaborativa genérica que puede ser aplicada a cualquier ámbito colaborativo incluyendo el aprendizaje por descubrimiento. Para ello se han estudiado las principales tecnologías y las distintas plataformas existentes obteniendo a partir de ello los elementos necesarios para la creación de un entorno colaborativo genérico. Con el fin de consolidar dichos elementos mostramos como se han aplicado al desarrollo de aplicaciones y plataformas dentro del ámbito de dos proyectos europeos, ITCOLE y COLAB. / Earning collaborative environments as well as learning tools have taken a prominent relevance in society, producing a growth of research projects regarding the building and the use of this system in education area. During the last years the research in this area has been focused on the building of different kinds of collaborative platforms and its usage in the educational arena, providing different kinds of studies which indicate the advantages and disadvantages of the use of them. These studies have covered the architecture of these systems and the use of them. Therefore, the aim of this research is to provide a generic collaborative environment which can be applied to any area, including discovery learning. For that reason, we have studied the main technologies and platforms for obtaining the elements needed in the building of a generic collaborative environment. Moreover, we have included these elements in the development regarding two European projects, ITCOLE and COLAB.

This research discusses the project management using the Cooperation Information System Framework in accordance to the distributed environment demand, as well as the information technology application, in human cooperative work practice, the project team organizes, as well as the project information system three between reciprocity; And, the union Collaborative Project Management Architecture, develops this research subject Integrated Collaborative Project Management Information System, and the definition is " A large-scale, modularity, integrated process guidance system, conformity project management information flow and so on process plan, execution, control, take coordinates the cooperation as a foundation, emphatically the team member's communication coordination ability, with the project information management, provides the project decision-making information, the promotion project carries out the achievements and the quick reaction capability." . Integrated collaborative project management information system, emphatically in the emphasis project process management, the project member coordinates the cooperation the communication mechanism, as well as the project information database uses again, and does take the component integrated concept as the system framework foundation, may do for the new generation of project management system software development basis. In addition, this research takes the project-driven as the enterprise mainly operates basal engineering company for apply object, with the Integrated Collaborative Project Management System Architecture, be used as the nucleus that the engineering company enterprise applies the structure, and according to configure with the layout engineering project management system, and describe its system establishment process.

Recommendation is not a new phenomenon arising from the digital era, but an existing social behavior in real life. Recommendation systems facilitate such natural social recommendation behavior and alleviate information overload facing individuals. Among different recommendation techniques proposed in the literature, the collaborative filtering approach is the most successful and widely adopted recommendation technique to date. However, the traditional collaborative filtering recommendation approach ignores proximities between items. That is, all user ratings on items are deemed identically important and given an equal weight in neighborhood formation process. In this study, we proposed a cluster-based collaborative filtering recommendation approach that takes into account the content similarities of items in the collaborative filtering process. Our empirical evaluation results show that the cluster-based collaborative filtering approach improves the prediction accuracy without sacrificing the prediction coverage, using those achieved by the traditional collaborative filtering approach as performance benchmarks. Due to the sparsity problem, when a prediction is made based on few neighbors, the cluster average method could achieve a better prediction accuracy than the proposed approach. Thus, we further proposed an enhanced cluster-based collaborative filtering approach that combines our approach and the cluster average method. The empirical results suggest that the enhanced approach could result in a prediction accuracy comparable to or even better than that accomplished by the cluster average method.