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There is no historiography on Durban coloureds . This work is an attempt to change that . This dissertation is an urban study of a small coloured community in Greenwood Park (GWP) during the apartheid era - a study in which housing is used as a vehicle to examine this community's response to their changing economic and socio-political status from the 1950's to the 1970's. Because of the absence of historical data , this study relies heavily on the contributions of other social sciences . It also uses oral data to fill the many gaps in the story of this marginal group . Chapter 4 and 5 explores housing as a complex physical and social phenomenon. Chapter 6 explores the GWP community's response to their housing environment . In this chapter, the association between housing and socio-economic status is explored . From 1950 to the l 970's, housing became the single most defining entity which kept coloureds trapped in the vortex of privilege and oppression . / History / M. A. (History)

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: While the importance of science and technology for society has long been recognised, it has taken on ever increasing importance in the present century. As a result this study, government (The year of Science and Technology - 1998), and other initiatives by concerned bodies efforts are directed to better inform the public about the nature and role of science and technology. It aimed to make citizens both better informed and better able to adapt to the many changes that science and technology have brought, and will continue to bring, to their lives. Despite these efforts many citizens remain ill informed about the scientific advances, and how technology affects their lives. As a result, most members of the public are unable to form substantiated judgements about matters involving science and technology. It is essential that ways are find to improve the public understands of science and technology. This study discusses the results of an empirical survey which was conducted in a coloured community in Paarl. The thesis summarises the results of the survey on these issues. It presents data on the public's understanding of science and technology and lists efforts that have been made to improve the understanding of science and technology. The study describes efforts to make information on science and technology more readily available to the public. Finally, it proposed measures that various actors might usefully take to improve public understanding of science and technology. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die belangrikheid van wetenskap en tegnologie vir die samelewing word reeds 'n geruime tyd erken, en het veraloor die laaste eeu toegeneem. Hieruit spruit die poging van hierdie studie, die regering (die Jaar van Wetenskap en Tegnologie 1998), en ander inisiatiewe deur belanghebbende organisasies om die algemene publiek in te lig rakende die rol van wetenskap en tegnologie. Dit poog om die algemene publiek in te lig oor, en in staat te stelom aan te pas by die veranderinge wat wetenskap en tegnologie reeds meegebring het, en nog sal meebring in hulle daaglikse lewe. Ten spyte van hierdie pogings is verskeie lede van die publiek steeds oningelig rakende wetenskaplike veranderinge en die wyses waarop tegnologie hulle lewens beïnvloed. Gevolglik is 'n groot gedeelte van die algemene publiek nie in staat om ingeligte oordele te kan maak met betrekking tot wetenskap- en tegnologieverwante aangeleenthede nie. Dit is dus essensieel dat maniere gevind word om die algemene publiek se persepsie van wetenskap en tegnologie te verbeter. Hierdie studie bespreek die resultate van 'n empiriese opname wat onder 'n bruin gemeenskap in Paarlonderneem is. Dit bevat resultate oor die algemene publiek se persepsies van wetenskap en tegnologie, en gee 'n aanduiding van die pogings wat aangewend is om hierdie persepsie te verbeter. Die studie beskryf ook die pogings wat aangewend is om inligting rakende wetenskap en tegnologie meer beskikbaar te maak vir die algemene publiek. Ten slotte, word maniere voorgestel waarop die verskeie rolspelers strategiee geimplementeer kan word vir die uitbouing van die algemene publiek se persepsie van wetenskap en tegnologie.

There is no historiography on Durban coloureds . This work is an attempt to change that . This dissertation is an urban study of a small coloured community in Greenwood Park (GWP) during the apartheid era - a study in which housing is used as a vehicle to examine this community's response to their changing economic and socio-political status from the 1950's to the 1970's. Because of the absence of historical data , this study relies heavily on the contributions of other social sciences . It also uses oral data to fill the many gaps in the story of this marginal group . Chapter 4 and 5 explores housing as a complex physical and social phenomenon. Chapter 6 explores the GWP community's response to their housing environment . In this chapter, the association between housing and socio-economic status is explored . From 1950 to the l 970's, housing became the single most defining entity which kept coloureds trapped in the vortex of privilege and oppression . / History / M. A. (History)

Thesis (MA (Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / Same-sex sexuality research in the field of psychology has adopted various different perspectives during recent history. Often these perspectives have been limiting in how sexuality is understood, and in answering why different forms of expression manifest. The normative research approach is to comprehend sex and sexuality as a set of physical behaviours that ideally should be regulated through models of rational decision making. Also, much of same-sex research has placed an almost exclusive focus on the behaviours of white, middle-class men. International same-sex sexuality research places heavy emphasis on matters of sexual health, notably that of HIV. Furthermore, the research is strongly influenced by quantitative methods of capturing information. Limited studies have been conducted on African same-sex interactions. The work that has been done is clustered mainly around the field of historical, sociological and anthropological investigations. In South Africa, it is remarked that we have not yet begun to debate the complexities of differing ‘sexual orientations’, both in terms of how it relates to HIV, as well as how sexual orientation is understood amongst the many cultural and ethnic groups in the country. Also, sexuality in all its forms has historically been understood as a private matter, and was also highly regulated by the state apparatus, resulting in the extreme limitation of any kind of public sexual dialogue. Still, even in post-apartheid South Africa, sexuality remains contested. This study attempted to address some of the many issues relating to sexuality research in South Africa and elsewhere. It was decided to collect information on same-sex sexuality by focusing on coloured1 men from a rural district in the Western Cape. This target group was selected due to the immense lack of knowledge in the field of South African psychology regarding the constructions of sexuality of both same-sex practices and coloured men. The objective of the study was to gain an understanding of how sexuality is constructed and experienced in this specific community. This goal was reached by collecting qualitative data from in-depth, unstructured interviews. The qualitative results indicate a highly complex interplay between understandings of gender identity and sexuality. The respondents all identified as ‘gay’ men, connecting this with being feminine and “like a woman.” A strong focus on a specific type of bodily representation was also noted. The sex act was read by me as an act of submission, with respondents placing great emphasis on behaviour, with little or no weight given to the emotional loading of the event. Sex just “happens”, with participants constructing experiences that strongly suggest the importance of them being passive. This in turn lead to me interpreting narratives as suggesting continued exposure to sexual coercion. Meanings around oral and anal sex were also explored. The grounded theory method was used to analyse the qualitative data. The core category identified the need to be like a woman and to demonstrate extreme forms of femininity. I showed that specific communities of practice produce and hold the idea of equating gay with having to be feminine. Further, I argued that the idea of a passive female subjectivity strongly informs the participants’ sexual decision making. I conclude by suggesting that a different way of being feminine is needed in order for these participants’ to expand their sexuality.

Thesis (PhD (Sport Science))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Physical Education is a human movement activity driven by syllabi and educational programmes. Physical culture refers to human movement programmes with an entertainment component, but that also uses physical education activity. This study serves as an account of Physical Education and physical culture in the Coloured community of the Western Cape in the period 1837 to 1966. It offers a historical exploration of these activities in the social and political context and cuts across narrow definitions of race and class. The research also pays attention to the untold and unpleasant side of the story of Physical Education. This necessitated tracing the origin of Physical Education and physical culture back to their European roots, because of the strong political and cultural links between South Africa and Europe. The Cape Coloured petty bourgeoisie urbanite minority of the 19th and early 20th century were eager but unable to infiltrate the ranks of middle class White society. They were acutely aware of the need to show respect towards the White middle classes and also to distance themselves from the “unruly behaviour” of the working class. For this reason Physical Education and physical culture programmes became suitable means for the Coloured petty bourgeoisie to educate the “less fortunate” Coloured working class masses.

An online algorithm must make decisions immediately and irrevocably based only on a part of the input without any knowledge of the future part of the input. We introduce the competitive analysis of online algorithms, a standard worst-case analysis, and present main results of this analysis on the problem of online Bin Packing and on some of its variants. In Bin Packing, a sequence of items of size up to 1 arrives to be packed into the minimal number of unit capacity bins. Mainly, we focus on Colored Bin Packing in which items have also a color and we cannot pack two items of the same color adjacently in a bin. For Colored Bin Packing, we improve some previous results on the problem with two colors and present the first results for arbitrarily many colors. Most notably, in the important case when all items have size zero, we give an optimal 1.5-competitive algorithm. For items of arbitrary size we present a lower bound of 2.5 and a 3.5-competitive algorithm. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

M.Ed. (Educational Psychology) / The successful adaptation to university by first year students is of prime importance to university authorities throughout the world. The high dropout rate of students is an indication that students do have a problem adapting to university. This has led to the introduction of orientation courses and the development of programmes to assist students in adjusting. This allows them a greater opportunity to experience success at university and to meet the main aim of university education - cognitive development (Behr, 1986:27) ...

Examensarbetet genomfördes vid Jönköping University i samband med Ljusdesign utbildningen år 2017. Undersökningen avsåg att undersöka trafikmiljön utmed motorvägen mellan Värnamo och Jönköping, för att kunna kartlägga och få en uppfattning av hur effektbelysningen där kan användas med färgat ljus utan att skapa en fara i trafiken. Målet var att undersöka om effektbelysningarna visade en påverkan på bilförarnas upplevelse av motorvägen, samt om färgerna gav en skillnad i upplevelsen eller skapade distraktioner. Området var aktuellt att undersöka eftersom effektbelysningar utmed vägar blir alltmer vanliga efter teknologin inom belysning blivit mer användbar och ekonomiskt försvarbar. Av det skälet blir effektbelysningar av färg vanliga men antas också ge en påverkan i trafiken som vi inte är medvetna om. Studiens frågeställningar formulerades därefter och undersökte hur effektbelysning på objekt påverkar bilförares upplevelse i trafiken. Samt om effektbelysning av färg och neutralt ljus påverkade upplevelsen olika.Fältstudien genomfördes under tre kvällar i mars månad på en bensinstation i anknytning till sträckan som undersöktes. Deltagarna svarade på ett frågeformulär med semantiska skalor där de fyllde i hur de känt sig och upplevt vägsträckan de hade kört. Av deltagarna tillfrågades slumpmässiga uttagna personer om de kunde svara på följdfrågor i form av en intervju. På sträckan fanns sju stycken effektbelysningar varav tre hade färgat ljus. Resultaten visade att effektbelysningen på objekten fångade bilförarnas uppmärksamhet och påverkade bilförarnas upplevelse av vägsträckan. Studien visade även att förarna påverkades olika av effektbelysningarna beroende på om ljussättningen var av färgat eller neutralt ljus. Slutsatserna av undersökningen visar hur förarna i denna studie upplevde sträckan mellan Jönköping och Värnamo. För att konstatera hur belysta objekt generellt påverkar trafiksäkerheten krävs mer forskning. / The thesis was conducted at Jönköping University in conjunction with the lighting design education in year 2017. The study aimed at investigating the traffic environment along the high way between Värnamo and Jönköping in order to map and get an idea of how the effect lighting can be used with colored light without creating a danger to traffic. The aim was to investigate whether the effect lights showed an impact on the driver's perception of the highway, and if the colors gave a difference in the experience or created distractions. The area was relevant to investigate as effect lighting are becoming more common after the technology has become more useful and economically justifiable. For that reason effect lighting with color are becoming more common, but are believed to have an impact on traffic that we are not aware of. The thesis questions were then formulated and investigated how effect lighting on objects affects drivers' experience in traffic. As well as if effect lighting of color and neutral light affect drivers’ experience of the road differently.The field study was conducted for three nights in March at a gas station related to the route that was investigated. Participants answered questions with semantic scales where they answered how they felt and experienced the road. Some of the participants were also randomly picked and asked if they could answer any following questions in the form of an interview.The road that was investigated had seven different effect lightings, witch three of them had colored light. The results showed that the lighting on the objects caught the attention of car drivers and affected the road drivers' experience of the road. The study also showed that the drivers were affected differently by the effect lights depending on whether the lighting was of colored or neutral light. The conclusions of the survey show how the drivers in this study experienced the road between Jönköping and Värnamo. To find out how effect lighting on objects generally affect road safety, more research is required.

Ce mémoire, réalisé dans le cadre d’une thèse sous convention CIFRE avec la société Schneider-Electric et l’Université de Lorraine à travers le laboratoire du CRAN, porte sur l’évaluation des performances temporelles des architectures de contrôle-commande distribuées sur un réseau de communication. Le besoin industriel s’exprime sous la forme d’un outil d’aide au dimensionnement des architectures en phase d’avant-vente caractérisée par une connaissance partielle de ces dernières. Le problème scientifique sous-jacent est relatif à la génération automatique des modèles servant de support à l’évaluation. En effet, l’évaluation des performances doit être réalisée pour un ensemble important d’architectures, dans un temps court, difficilement compatible avec une construction manuelle des modèles. Notre contribution porte sur la définition formelle, à l’aide de réseaux de Petri colorés et temporisés, d’un modèle « constructeur » d’architectures embarquant des mécanismes de configuration, d’instanciation et de paramétrage. Plusieurs algorithmes sont proposés pour, d’une part, construire automatiquement le modèle d’une architecture donnée, à partir d’une description formelle de sa topologie et d’une librairie de modèles d’équipements de contrôle-commande, et, d’autre part, pour générer les observateurs requis à partir d’une description formelle des performances à évaluer. Ces différents algorithmes ont été implantés dans un outil interfacé, d’une part avec l’outil Schneider de description des architectures, et, d’autre part avec le simulateur de l’outil CPN Tools qui fournit une estimation des performances via des simulations de Monte-Carlo. L’intérêt de cette approche a été illustrée sur la base de quelques architectures types fournies par la société Schneider-Electric / This PhD dissertation, supported by CIFRE convention between the company Schneider-Electric and the University of Lorraine through the CRAN laboratory, deals with the assessment of temporal performances for a networked distributed control system. The industrial need was the development of a quotation and sizing tool of industrial control architecture during pre-sales stage. This stage is characterized by limited information about the process and the customers’ needs. The underlying scientific problematic was the ability to generate automatically models serving as support for the evaluation. In fact, performance assessment is realized for a wide range of architecture during a small amount of time, which is not compliant with a manual definition of the models. Our contribution is mainly based on a formal definition of a “builder” model with Colored and Timed Petri Nets which embeds mechanisms for configuration, instantiation and parameters setting of the architecture models. Several algorithms have been proposed for firstly build automatically the architecture Petri Nets model from a formal description of the topology and from a component model library and, secondly, for generating performance observers. Theses algorithms have been implemented on a tool gathering a user interface developed by Schneider –Electric and the Petri Nets simulator called CPN Tools which provides the performance assessment through Monte-Carlo simulation. The added value of this approach has been illustrated through case studies provided by Schneider-Electric