This study is based on the viewpoint of global commodity chains(GCC), to discover the network activities of bicycle industry in Taiwan. But, due to the keen competition , the phenomenon of ¡uHyper-archy competition¡vemerge in bicycle industry . The so called¡uHyper-archy competition¡vindicate that parts factories skip the middle stratum of industry and with the result to promote their competitiveness ; or tighten the original network activities of cooperation , to advance the reachness and richness of information .Namely , to break down the original line-type supply chain relationship of the bicycle industry , transcend the limits of hierarchy and to develop more complete and more diversify network relationship . For this reason , this study focus on the cause and effect of ¡uHyper-archy competition¡v, and to generalize some suggestions to the future.

Abstract This study is dedicated to discussing Semiconductor Industrial Cluster competitive advantages on both shores of the Taiwan Straits, and finding out Taiwan IC design industries co-competition strategies with Main Land China. The theory base on the Industrial Cluster by Michael E. Porter. The analytical tool is Diamond Structure of The Competitive Advantage of nations by Michael E. Porter. There are four dimensions¡GFactor Endowments, Demand Conditions, Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry, Related and Supporting Industries, and another two factors¡G Government and Chance. The conclusions of this study are presented as follows: 1. Taiwan IC design industries must make use of Main Land China IC design resource to increase Taiwan competitive advantages. 2. For increase IC design human resource supply purpose. The industrial policy made by Taiwan government must be changed to recruit Hi-Tec engineer from Main Land China. 3. Taiwan has on geography and culture market competitive advantage, IC design industries should participate in establishing China industrial standard. 4. Build up Taiwan's own brand. 5. Build up patent alliance to increase Taiwan IC design industrial competitive advantages. 6. Globalize the enterprise-integrated resource.

Drawing insights from strategic management and international business literature, the present study develops an integrated model to explain the competitive actions between multinational firms in a global context. Accordingly, two research questions are addressed: What key factors explain the competitive actions of multinational firms? What key factors moderate the competitive tensions experienced by different pairs of multinational firms? Using structured content analysis to identify competitive actions, the empirical findings of the present study suggest that subsidiary control, MNE size, national culture, government regulations and multimarket contact are all likely to exert important impact on a multinational firm's motivation and capability to compete and therefore influence its competitive aggressiveness in foreign markets.

Savannas comprise over one eighth of the world's land surface with some 50 Mha in North America alone. They are productive systems supporting a high level of both faunal and floral diversity and are of increasing socioeconomic importance. The maintenance and formation of savannas have been attributed to climate, soils, herbivory and fire. However, the reasons for the coexistence of trees and the grass layer have still to be determined. These two contrasting life forms create a complex of intra- and interspecific positive, negative, and neutral interactions, few of which have been quantified. Under lower-than-average rainfall, tree effects on grasses in a Prosopis savanna in northern Texas were largely neutral with few measurable competitive or facultative effects from the tree canopy. However, grasses demonstrated increased productivity where belowground competition with neighboring trees was removed. Similarly, tree growth increased following the removal of grasses under and around individual trees, particularly on shallower soils, but only during a season of significant precipitation. Low intensity burning of grasses enhanced growth of adult trees, but patterns were inconsistent between two different sites. Moderate clipping around individual trees had no apparent effect on tree growth. Intraspecific competition between savanna trees was not evident, but may have been blurred by an extensive, lateral distribution of near-surface roots. Overall, tree intraspecific competition was neutral regardless of soil depth, suggesting lateral tree roots may be only used opportunistically. Although some competitive relationships were verified, the differences in the responses between the two years of study, and at different sites indicated that soil depth and climate may have overriding impacts on tree-grass interactions and savanna dynamics in this system.

This study examines the survival of individual subsidiary in an inter-subsidiary perspective within the ever-increasing competitive environment in the Greater China region between Mainland Chinese subsidiaries and Taiwanese subsidiaries. 80 Taiwanese Multinational Enterprises¡¦ (MNEs¡¦) participated in this study and the researcher specifically looked at the two sub-frameworks, data collected were empirically tested. In the first sub-framework, it examines the influences of inter-subsidiary competition for strategic positions on subsidiary survival with respect to its strategic importance, resource asymmetry, and some characteristics of value activities. In the second sub-framework, it examines the influences of competition on knowledge flow positions with respect to knowledge flows and intellectual capital. The results showed that these determinants have different effects on subsidiary survival. Specifically, in the first sub-framework, the strategic importance and advantages of intangible resources enhances a focal subsidiary¡¦s survival, whereas local responsiveness, advantages on physical resources, similarity and mobility of value activities decreases its survival. On the other hand, in the second sub-framework, determinants of knowledge flows specifically on knowledge inflows, knowledge transfer, and absorption capacity of a specific peer subsidiary decreases its survival rate. Further, determinants on intellectual capital such as application capabilities on organizational capital and human capital are seen as positive factors. Finally, this study discusses the implications of inter-subsidiary competition for these factors in determining a focal subsidiary¡¦s survival.

Vietnam has officially completed the bilateral negotiations with members of WTO on May 31, 2006. One of the commitments was to open the national financial market. In recent years, Vietnam has become the most popular market for Taiwanese banking to internationalize and expand their business due to the following reasons: the unopened financial market in China, the close relations between the financial industries in Taiwan and Vietnam, and the mission of ¡§Passing Experiences¡¨ by the officials of the Financial Supervisory Commission in Taiwan. Many Taiwanese banks have already set up branches or offices in Vietnam. Moreover, Cathay United Bank has cooperated with the national Incom Bank in Vietnam to establish the Indovina Bank. Vietnam has become one of the main profit-making overseas countries beyond Hong Kong, in the banking industry. According to the statistics, from 1988 to 2006, the investment of Taiwanese companies in Vietnam exceeded eight billion USD. Taiwan was the biggest foreign investment country in Vietnam. Vietnam has opened the flotation of foreign investment in recent years, and Taiwanese investment is the major source. Vietnam has become another main market for Taiwanese companies. On the other hand, these companies are the basic clients for Taiwanese banks in Vietnam. The study has taken Taiwanese banking as the main theme to discuss and analyze the entry models into the Vietnamese market to determine the possible problems and difficulties. Chapter II discusses the related theories and models of multinational companies in overseas markets. It also explains the internationalization process of banking, product lifespan and marketing strategies. Chapter III explains the recent economic development and investment environment as well as the present financial situation and banking regulations in Vietnam. Chapter IV discusses the banking business in Taiwan and investment in Vietnam. Chapter V analyzes all of the collected information and summarizes which models should be followed when entering the Vietnamese market, based on different competition advantages and entry timing of banks. Marketing strategies are also discussed. Chapter six is the conclusion and provides suggestions.

The core issues of traditional manufacturing industry are production and marketing. Adopting the suitable marketing strategies and production techniques based on each product characteristics will render competitive advantage. In this paper, the relationship between the knowing of production and application process of sales representatives and the marketing process was studied. Customers from different regions having various concerns of the quality and cost, require differently. The customer feedbacks collected and classified as quality and service issues, were delivered to both the production and marketing departments to help them finding the solution together. What is more, the production department can be engaged in the improvement and follow up the result for the execution according to the customer feedbacks collected from sales department and some problems which occur during production. This research provides opportunities for employees to exchange experiences, learn from each other, and improve techniques in order not to make the same mistakes again. They have learned to do everything of their own accords and increase the efficiency of management as well. It also helps the marketing personnel to understand that their knowledge on product properties and production process and successfully stimulates to learn more and enhance the skills of selling and negotiating as well.

In a broad way, the main intention of this study is an attempt to analyze the changes the diplomatic competition between China and Taiwan in Latin America has brought to all the involved parties. How this competition have concentrated in just a few countries serving as Taiwan last stand hold against Chinese attempts to isolate it in the international community during the last three decades. The aim is to understand the whole evolution and dynamics of this great Asian issue elucidated in Latin America, and the way both China and Taiwan have behave to attract the favor of those small Latin American countries while those Latin American countries have also came to profit from this situation. Both, China and Taiwan have an almost symbiotic relationship with Latin America, relationship to become more and more important if current geopolitical and economic conditions were to continue. One side, Both China and Taiwan demand a great amount of Latin American natural resources to fuel their global industry. On the other side, Latin America demands more and more of the finished goods produced in China and Taiwan. The main research question the author will attempt to solve here is: ¡§Why are Latin American states shifting or considering shifting to China?¡¨ complementary questions intended to shed some light on the author¡¦s original assumptions are that Chinese economic growth is not the only explanation for Latin America¡¦s support of China. These questions are as follow: ¡§Does Latin American States perceive China as a threat? Has US double standard contributed to Taiwan losing its Latin American partners? Has Taiwanese implementation of Dollar diplomacy methods in some Latin American states something to do with its losing of supporters? A throughout analysis of both, the Chinese economic and geopolitical reach as well as Latin American¡¦s own search for economic, political and ideological independence from US are the main explanatory for the changes observed in this triangular relationship. Nevertheless, a series of unorthodox foreign policy methods such as ¡¥Dollar Diplomacy¡¦ conditioned foreign aid, have also contributed to these changes.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2007. Graduate Programme in Business Administration. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 246-265). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR29492