Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009. / Title from title screen (site viewed January 12, 2010). PDF text: xi, 118 p. : ill. ; 668 K. UMI publication number: AAT 3360498. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1962. / Vita. Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-159).

Thesis (M.Ed.)--Cleveland State University, 2009. / Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on June 11, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-105). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center. Also available in print.

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston University

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The aim of this cross-cultural study is to analyze discourse strategies between Finnish and Japanese participants regarding the indexing of in-group and out-group dynamics in Japanese communication. This research is going to concentrate on Finnish and Japanese people’s use of Japanese language to establish uchi/soto (inside/outside) relationships in work-related instances. This study focuses solely on the in-group and out-group dynamics and socio-pragmatic features during interactions with addressees from inside and outside the company, because in these situations the contrast between the dynamics of in-groups and out-groups is often more transparent. The data was processed and analyzed using a Discourse Completion Task (DCT) survey.This research aims to answer two questions: How different are the nuanced uses of polite expressions and the politeness strategies between the Finnish and the Japanese respondents, and could it be possible that both respondent groups index uchi and soto relationships in the same way through language use?The results showed similarities in the use of politeness strategies between both groups. Differences were found in code-switching between various politeness levels. The data only serves as an indicator for the hypothesis and gives further room for future research.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar estudos para entender a percepção de consumidores em relação a salsichas com diferentes atributos de saudabilidade. Foram conduzidos três estudos e diferentes metodologias foram empregadas para explorar a atitude do consumidor. No primeiro estudo, a percepção dos consumidores foi avaliada através das técnicas de associação de palavras, aceitação de cada conceito (salsicha tradicional, com antioxidantes naturais, com redução de sódio, com redução de gordura, fonte de fibra alimentar e com ômega 3), grau de familiaridade com cada atributo de saudabilidade e resposta emocional. Para a salsicha tradicional, as categorias mais relevantes para os consumidores foram: modo de consumo, sabor agradável, não saudável, aparência (cor), gordura/caloria e pressão alta, já o grupo formado pelas salsichas com ômega 3, antioxidantes naturais, com redução de gordura e com redução de sódio se caracterizou principalmente pela percepção de saudabilidade. Para o segundo estudo, a relação entre a preocupação de consumidores com sua saúde e sua percepção sobre salsichas com adição de ingredientes funcionais (fibra alimentar e ômega 3) foi avaliada através do teste de completamento e da técnica de lista de compras. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os clusters (consciência em relação à saúde) para as razões apontadas pelos consumidores que incentivam (sabor agradável, praticidade, preço acessível e modo de consumo) e limitam (prejudicial à saúde, não saudável, ricas em sódio e gordura e artificial) a compra de salsichas. Os resultados do segundo estudo, ainda demonstraram que a adição de fibra alimentar e ômega 3 em salsicha gerou associações predominantemente positivas independente do nível de consciência em relação à saúde dos consumidores. Em relação ao terceiro estudo, na aplicação da técnica sorting task, termos como falta de conhecimento, natural, problemas de sabor e não atrativo caracterizaram o grupo formado pelas salsichas sem adição de fosfato e nitrito. Já as salsichas com antioxidantes naturais, fonte de fibra alimentar e com ômega 3 foram associadas a melhor qualidade nutricional e impacto positivo na saúde/organismo. Neste mesmo estudo, a técnica hard laddering revelou que os principais motivos que justificam as escolhas das salsichas com redução de sódio, com redução de gordura, com ômega 3, com antioxidantes naturais e fibra alimentar são preocupação com a saúde e vida longa. Os resultados obtidos nos três estudos demonstraram que os consumidores apresentam percepções distintas em relação aos diferentes tipos de salsicha (conceitos) avaliados, sugerindo que a indústria da carne deve considerar as particularidades identificadas ao desenvolver salsichas mais saudáveis e anunciar seus atributos. / The present paper aimed to perform studies to understand the consumers\' perception regarding frankfurter sausages with different healthiness attributes. Three studies were carried out and different methods were applied to explore the consumer\'s attitude. In the first study the consumers\' perception was evaluated through the technique of word association, acceptance of each concept (traditional frankfurter, with natural antioxidants, with reduced sodium, with reduced fat, as a source of dietary fibre, and with omega 3), level of familiarity with each attribute and emotional response. For the traditional frankfurter the most relevant categories for the consumers were: consumption mode, good flavour, unhealthy, appearance (colour), fat/calorie and high blood pressure, whereas the group formed by the frankfurters with omega 3, natural antioxidants, with reduced fat and reduced sodium was characterized especially by healthiness perception. For the second study the connection between the concern of consumer\'s with their health and their perception on frankfurters with the addition of functional ingredients (dietary fibre and omega 3) was evaluated through a completion test and the shopping list technique. No significant differences were found between the clusters (concern with health) for the reasons pointed out by the consumers that encourage (good flavour, convenience, price/cheap, and consumption mode) and restrict (harmful to health, unhealthy, rich in sodium and fat, and artificial) purchasing frankfurters. The results of the second study also demonstrated that adding dietary fibre and omega 3 in frankfurters provided predominantly positive associations regardless of consumers\' concerns with health. Regarding the third study, lack of knowledge, natural, flavour defects and not appealing characterized the group formed by frankfurters with no phosphate added and no nitrite added through the sorting task technique. The frankfurters with natural antioxidant, as a source of dietary fibre and with omega 3 were associated to a better nutritional quality and positive impact on health/organism. The hard laddering technique revealed that the main reasons that justify the choices for the frankfurters with reduced sodium, reduced fat, with omega 3, with natural antioxidants and dietary fibre are concerns with health and longevity. The results obtained through the three studies showed that the consumers present distinctive perceptions concerning different types of evaluated frankfurters (concepts), suggesting that the meat industry should consider the particularities identified to develop healthier sausages and advertise their attributes.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar estudos para entender a percepção de consumidores em relação a salsichas com diferentes atributos de saudabilidade. Foram conduzidos três estudos e diferentes metodologias foram empregadas para explorar a atitude do consumidor. No primeiro estudo, a percepção dos consumidores foi avaliada através das técnicas de associação de palavras, aceitação de cada conceito (salsicha tradicional, com antioxidantes naturais, com redução de sódio, com redução de gordura, fonte de fibra alimentar e com ômega 3), grau de familiaridade com cada atributo de saudabilidade e resposta emocional. Para a salsicha tradicional, as categorias mais relevantes para os consumidores foram: modo de consumo, sabor agradável, não saudável, aparência (cor), gordura/caloria e pressão alta, já o grupo formado pelas salsichas com ômega 3, antioxidantes naturais, com redução de gordura e com redução de sódio se caracterizou principalmente pela percepção de saudabilidade. Para o segundo estudo, a relação entre a preocupação de consumidores com sua saúde e sua percepção sobre salsichas com adição de ingredientes funcionais (fibra alimentar e ômega 3) foi avaliada através do teste de completamento e da técnica de lista de compras. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os clusters (consciência em relação à saúde) para as razões apontadas pelos consumidores que incentivam (sabor agradável, praticidade, preço acessível e modo de consumo) e limitam (prejudicial à saúde, não saudável, ricas em sódio e gordura e artificial) a compra de salsichas. Os resultados do segundo estudo, ainda demonstraram que a adição de fibra alimentar e ômega 3 em salsicha gerou associações predominantemente positivas independente do nível de consciência em relação à saúde dos consumidores. Em relação ao terceiro estudo, na aplicação da técnica sorting task, termos como falta de conhecimento, natural, problemas de sabor e não atrativo caracterizaram o grupo formado pelas salsichas sem adição de fosfato e nitrito. Já as salsichas com antioxidantes naturais, fonte de fibra alimentar e com ômega 3 foram associadas a melhor qualidade nutricional e impacto positivo na saúde/organismo. Neste mesmo estudo, a técnica hard laddering revelou que os principais motivos que justificam as escolhas das salsichas com redução de sódio, com redução de gordura, com ômega 3, com antioxidantes naturais e fibra alimentar são preocupação com a saúde e vida longa. Os resultados obtidos nos três estudos demonstraram que os consumidores apresentam percepções distintas em relação aos diferentes tipos de salsicha (conceitos) avaliados, sugerindo que a indústria da carne deve considerar as particularidades identificadas ao desenvolver salsichas mais saudáveis e anunciar seus atributos. / The present paper aimed to perform studies to understand the consumers\' perception regarding frankfurter sausages with different healthiness attributes. Three studies were carried out and different methods were applied to explore the consumer\'s attitude. In the first study the consumers\' perception was evaluated through the technique of word association, acceptance of each concept (traditional frankfurter, with natural antioxidants, with reduced sodium, with reduced fat, as a source of dietary fibre, and with omega 3), level of familiarity with each attribute and emotional response. For the traditional frankfurter the most relevant categories for the consumers were: consumption mode, good flavour, unhealthy, appearance (colour), fat/calorie and high blood pressure, whereas the group formed by the frankfurters with omega 3, natural antioxidants, with reduced fat and reduced sodium was characterized especially by healthiness perception. For the second study the connection between the concern of consumer\'s with their health and their perception on frankfurters with the addition of functional ingredients (dietary fibre and omega 3) was evaluated through a completion test and the shopping list technique. No significant differences were found between the clusters (concern with health) for the reasons pointed out by the consumers that encourage (good flavour, convenience, price/cheap, and consumption mode) and restrict (harmful to health, unhealthy, rich in sodium and fat, and artificial) purchasing frankfurters. The results of the second study also demonstrated that adding dietary fibre and omega 3 in frankfurters provided predominantly positive associations regardless of consumers\' concerns with health. Regarding the third study, lack of knowledge, natural, flavour defects and not appealing characterized the group formed by frankfurters with no phosphate added and no nitrite added through the sorting task technique. The frankfurters with natural antioxidant, as a source of dietary fibre and with omega 3 were associated to a better nutritional quality and positive impact on health/organism. The hard laddering technique revealed that the main reasons that justify the choices for the frankfurters with reduced sodium, reduced fat, with omega 3, with natural antioxidants and dietary fibre are concerns with health and longevity. The results obtained through the three studies showed that the consumers present distinctive perceptions concerning different types of evaluated frankfurters (concepts), suggesting that the meat industry should consider the particularities identified to develop healthier sausages and advertise their attributes.

The lack of emotional intelligence can be linked to problem behaviour in adolescent boys between 14 and 18 years of age. The concepts of emotions, emotional intelligence, adolescents and adaptation formed the focal point of this research. Profiles were compiled from data obtained from the Q-metrics emotional intelligence questionnaire, the Sacks Sentence Completion Test, an unstructured interview and the projection media (Draw a person). Detailed information with regards to risk and protective factors for each adolescent boy were provided. The above techniques and measuring instruments provided a holistic picture of the adolescent's level of emotional functioning as well as hypotheses for future therapy. The importance of the father-son relationship in the adolescent years was stressed. Early identification of adolescent boys in a private school (with low levels of emotional development) enables the school to implement programmes aimed at developing emotional intelligence. / Educational Studies / M. Ed.