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À partir de l’étude du procès des chefs de l’insurrection algérienne de 1871 jugés en 1873 aux assises de Constantine, la présente thèse reconstitue la fresque judiciaire d’un soulèvement que d’aucuns reconnaissent comme la plus grande séquence insurrectionnelle que l’Algérie ait jamais connue au XIXe siècle. L’analyse de la riche documentation exhumée des archives d’Outre-mer d’Aix-en-Provence, de la Bibliothèque Nationale de France (Paris) et des archives du tribunal de Constantine aurait pu permettre de rétablir la société colonisée dans son droit au chapitre de la parole et de renouveler la compréhension du soulèvement de 1871 mais c’était sans compter sur la complexité des enjeux politiques qui ont transformé le procès d’une insurrection en un théâtre où devait se solder le conflit civils-militaires. Le premier grand procès civil d’Algérie allait transformer une insurrection majeure en délits de droit commun justifiant une étonnante physionomie des peines. En abordant les questions relatives aux causes et aux acteurs de l’insurrection, le présent travail s’est investi dans l’analyse de l’histoire sociale des élites algériennes du XIXe siècle et de leurs caractéristiques, à travers leur implication dans le soulèvement et l’interrogation, aux côtés de diverses sources historiques, de matériaux de nature anthropologique. Tandis que les différentes historiographies attribuaient tour à tour à l’élite nobiliaire des djouads ou à celle confrérique de la rahmaniyya la paternité de la révolte, la présente thèse s’est attachée à mettre en évidence la matrice anti coloniste d’une insurrection populaire. / Starting with the study of the 1871 trial of the Algerian insurgency leaders judged in 1873 at the Constantine criminal court, this thesis reconstitutes the judicial saga of an uprising that some recognize as the greatest insurrectionary sequence Algeria ever knew in the nineteenth century.The analysis of the rich documentation exhumed from the Overseas Archives of Aix-en-Provence, the Bibliothèque Nationale de France (Paris) and the archives of the tribunal of Constantine could have reinstated the colonized society’s right to speak and to renew the understanding of the 1871 uprising, but it was without counting the complexity of the political challenges which transformed an insurrection trial into a theater, where the civil-military conflict had to be resolved. The first great civil trial of Algeria was going to transform a major insurrection into common law offenses justifying astonishing forms of sentences.In addressing issues related to the causes and actors of the insurgency, the present work Involved in the analysis of the social history of the nineteenth century Algerian elites and their characteristics, through their involvement in the uprising and the investigative questioning of various historical sources and anthropological materials. While the various historiographies attributed to the djouads’ noble elite or the rahmaniyya confraternity the authorship of the revolt, the present thesis endeavored to highlight the anti-colonist matrix of a popular insurrection.

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Comment saisir ne serait-ce qu'un fragment de l'histoire si opaque, parce qu'à la fois si malmenée et si peu outillée, de l'Algérie à l'époque ottomane ? C'est ce que se propose de faire l'auteur au niveau de l'une des grandes cités de la Régence d'Alger, Constantine au XVIIIème siècle. A l'origine de l'enquête, l'aventure politique étonnante mais énigmatique d'un gouverneur, Salah Bey qui devait à la fois incarner, et pour longtemps, toute la magnificience de ce qu'avait pu être l'époque ottomane, et connaître paradoxalement une fin brutale, liée à un événement mal élucidé. Pour démêler ces ombres et lumières, l'auteur s'est attelée à la mise au jour et à l'analyse des expériences sociales et politiques se faisant jour dans la cité, elle-même totalement partie prenante de ce qui s'était joué, à partir de l'étude de différents contextes produits par les sources mobilisées. Il s'est agi en effet d'aborder la ville en tant que lieu privilégié de manifestations des rapports sociaux dont émergeaient les différentes facettes de l'identité urbaine, depuis les façons diverses d'être de et dans la ville (analyse des identités nominales comme des réseaux de sociabilité familiaux, professionnels, de voisinage...), jusqu'aux modalités d'affirmations d'un pouvoir urbain "autochtone", en passant par les usages sociaux de la justice et de l'accord (à travers les recours féminins en particulier). Au fil de cette excursion, s'éclaire ce que fut la tentative souveraine de Salah Bey et les conditions de son échec, mais encore s'affirme l'image dynamique d'une ville pour laquelle les individus, les groupes d'individus et institutions sont appréhendés comme autant d'acteurs, parties prenantes de ce moment particulier de l'histoire de Constantine. Ce travail qui mobilise des sources archivistiques et littéraires essentiellement locales et inédites (registre de décès, de justice, de biens de mainmorte, actes de propriétés, chroniques...), est également le lieu d'une réflexion continue sur les conditions d'une histoire sociale conçue sur la base d'une documentation, la valeur heuristique dépend d'un usage attentif au détail comme aux modalités historiques de sa production.

This thesis examines Byzantine diplomacy and foreign policy in the round in the personal reign of Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos (945-959). This particular period has been singled out for investigation because Constantine had a keen personal interest in foreign affairs and two treatises from his reign, the De administrando imperio and the De cerimoniis aulae byzantinae, shed light upon the Byzantine view of the outside world and the workings of imperial bureaux charged with diplomatic affairs and the administration of military campaigns. After introducing the subject and the key sources, the thesis makes a clockwise circuit of all of the theatres in which Byzantine foreign policy was active. The first chapter looks at worldviews as documented in sources from Byzantium, Ottonian Saxony, and the Islamic Near East in order to determine how these key players saw their place in the world and systematised their relationships with each other. The second chapter discusses relations with the Islamic Near East and Transcaucasia and provides a survey of sources, historical reconstruction, and analysis of goals and processes. Chapter three examines relations with the Islamic caliphates of the central and western Mediterranean, and assigns them greater importance than generally acknowledged. Chapter four chronicles the nascent relations with Ottonian Saxony and Byzantium's re-engagement with the Transalpine Franks. Chapter five deals with the peoples of the Eurasian steppe and homes in on Byzantium's attempts to diffuse threats from this volatile world. Chapter six focuses on Italy as the region in which three strands of Byzantine foreign policy met and evaluates the empire's response to wholesale changes in power relations in the peninsula in the early years of Constantine's personal reign. The conclusion to the thesis interrogates whether Constantine's foreign policy kept the empire safe, enhanced its prestige, managed the military elites, and had an enduring legacy.

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(in English): The thesis deals with the history of arianism. It emphasizes the historical and theology-philosohical conext of arianism, which is essential for understanding the whole topic and especially for understanding the development of the early Christians' faith. It outlines how the early Christians perceived their faith, which is important in order to grasp the basic principles and understanding of early beliefs also outlines the context of late antique philosophy that influenced the theological-philosophical framework of orthodoxy and arianism itself. The text of the thesis focuses on the political situation in Europe at the end of antiquity, the rise of arianism in the first half of the fourth century and its dispute with orthodoxy, whose dogma has been defined during the council of Constantinople (381). Already before the beginning of second council in Constantinople arianism started to spread through the barbarian tribes, the Goths, Vandals and Burgundians to the West, where it was incorporated into the policy of tribal States. Thanks to these tribes arianism survived in the West until the sixth century. The thesis brings incentive for further research of Arianism in the context of religious and political relations in the Western and Eastern parts of the Roman Empire in the early Middle Ages.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jefferson Ramalho.pdf: 1206258 bytes, checksum: 4b3b7bba609956750740b69f7ef7e9dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This research aims to investigate the history of christian religion historiography throughout an analyses of the work Ecclesiastical History of Eusebius of Caesarea from the early fourth century of our era. In this sense, the proposals presented by the AnnalesSchool, especially the History-Problem, are used as a theoretical reference for the development of the criticism. At first, it is observed the characteristics of Eusebius the writer and the politician,which the emperor Constantine was concerned. Finally, the specific character observed along the work to exemplify its apologetic and panegyrist style is the heroic image of the emperor Constantine that Eusebius developed. In order to verify this development, the parameters of Annales History-Problem are usedand also the concept of Invention of Traditions. Once identified that Constantine had the help of a christian writer, bishop and ecclesiastical-political that corresponded to his interests, and Eusebius that simultaneously built an benevolent image of the emperor, it is possible in this thesis to see how the Eusebian narrative and discourse accomplishes both political and religious motivations that can not be disregarded. This verification becomes even more important when we note how the Eusebian model of writing history served as a reference for so many others who had taken place laterin the same enterprise / Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo observar a história da historiografia da religião cristã a partir de uma releitura da obra História eclesiástica, escrita por Eusébio de Cesareia, no início do século IV de nossa era. Neste sentido, são utilizados como referenciais teóricos para desenvolvimento da crítica as propostas apresentadas pela Escola dos Annales, especialmente, a História-Problema. Em primeira instância, são observadas as características do Eusébio escritor e político que interessava ao imperador Constantino. Finalmente, o aspecto específico observado na obra para exemplificar seu estilo apologético e panegirista é a imagem heróica do imperador Constantino que Eusébio elaborou. Para verificar esta elaboração, são utilizados não somente parâmetros dos Annales como a História-Problema, mas também o conceito de Invenção de Tradições. Identificando que Constantino contou com o trabalho de um escritor cristão, bispo e articulador político-eclesiástico que correspondia aos seus interesses e que Eusébio, simultaneamente, construiu uma imagem benevolente deste imperador, é possível, na presente dissertação, perceber o quanto a narrativa e o discurso eusebianos atendem a motivações tanto políticas como religiosas que não podem ser desconsideradas. Esta constatação se torna tanto mais importante quando notamos como o modelo eusebiano de escrita da história serviu de referência para tantos outros que se colocaram posteriormente no mesmo empreendimento

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angela Maria Lucas Quintiliano.pdf: 1526113 bytes, checksum: 01dee377b4037cee9e0ab5d3e546ff43 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-08 / This study explores transformations in the perceived meaning of life among in a specific group of adolescents. Relations between the traditional institutions (family and school) and the media as established in the socializing process in contemporary western capitalist societies - is correlated with a modification in the production of these meanings. Two concepts were fundamental to the analysis of this shift: the dynamics of the imaginary understood as both reservoir and motor; and mediations understood as "free zones." The study focuses on cinema as the media form best suited for reflection on processes of projection and identification. The methodology is based on qualitative research with data collected from focus groups. The study group consisted of twelve middle class students, between 14 and 17 years of age, in a non-confessional school in the northern area of the city of São Paulo. The chosen film was Constantine. Group interactions revealed a type of discourse that clarify the role of cinematographic media in the construction of the religious imaginary of this group / Esta pesquisa aborda transformações percebidas em um grupo específico de adolescentes, no que se refere ao significado por eles atribuído à sua existência no mundo. A partir da relação que se estabelece no contexto atual nas sociedades ocidentais capitalistas, no processo de socialização, entre as instâncias tradicionais (família e escola) e a mídia constata-se uma modificação na produção de significados para a existência humana. A dinâmica do imaginário entendida como reservatório/motor, e as mediações como zonas livres , foram os conceitos fundamentais para a compreensão de como se dá essa mudança na produção de sentidos. Dentro das possibilidades oferecidas pela mídia, utilizamos o cinema como mediação capaz de levar à reflexões a partir de um processo de projeção-identificação. A metodologia utilizada para a coleta de dados baseou-se na perspectiva qualitativa a partir da técnica de grupos focais. A pesquisa foi realizada com um grupo de 12 adolescentes, na faixa etária entre 14 e 17 anos, de classe média, que estudam em uma escola não confessional da Zona Norte da cidade de São Paulo. O filme escolhido foi Constantine, e as interações do grupo traduziram um tipo de discurso que nos possibilitou associações significativas para dar conta da hipótese levantada, ou seja, o papel da mídia cinematográfica na construção do imaginário religioso de um determinado grupo de adolescentes

Les formations argiIo~marneuses mio~pliocènes qui occupent de vastes étendues dans l'agglomération de Constantine, sont le siège de fréquentes manifestations d'instabilité, bien que la pente naturelle des versants soit faible (10 à 17 %). Dans cet ensemble argile-marneux, hétérogène à l'échelle métrique, la proportion de matériaux perméables est faible, mais certains niveaux de sables et de graviers ont une grande importance, car ils favorisent la mise en charge de l'eau dans le massif. Les informations apportées par les travaux de reconnaissance ainsi que la modélisation mécanique du phénomène sont concordantes et permettent de confirmer le rôle fondamental.