This work has been written to elucidate the problems of feasibility study, as valuating document of public projects and its creating in practice. In the theoretical part I have explained the public projects, possibility of their financing as well as one of the cost methods of their evaluation, e.g. cost benefit analysis. I have described the application eCBA, which is nowadays compulsory annex to application for subsidies from the structural sources in many cohesion regions. A content of the practical part is creating of the feasibility study for the construction project which has already been done. Not only its traditional forms but its development in application eCBA too. These outputs fully replace feasibility study just in cohesion region Southeast.

This diploma thesis’ aim is to evaluate an economic effectiveness of the particular investment projects in the public sector. It describes theoretical possibilities and methods of evaluating an investment project generally (not only public one). It also deals with ways how to get financial assurance in the area of public investment. The practical part of the thesis contains the assessment of the economic effectiveness of the particular investment projects in the public sector, where theoretical approach given in the first part of this thesis is applied. The economic effectiveness was elaborated both for financial assurance of the project and for alternative funding from EU resources.

The diplome thesis deals with determination of economic efficiency of the project. This si a project of completion in the sports, recreation, hiking and biking. The theoretical part begins by a chapter describing preparation and implementation phases of the project. The following chapter is an overview of the methods that can be used to assess projects. The most of attention is given to the feasibility study as one of the methods for assessing projects. In the theoretical part is a list of indicators of evaluation of the project and a separated chapter with cost benefit analysis. The practical part focuses on the evaluation of the project, the assessment of cash flow and the resulting financial and economic evaluation of the project.

This diploma thesis deals with a cost-benefit analysis of investments in road infrastructure. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part includes a description of the cost-benefit analysis procedure and a deeper description of evaluating investments in road and highway constructions. The practical part deals with the specific investment for the construction of highway. This involves applying information from the theoretical part to this specific investment and evaluating the economic efficiency, including risk analysis. The main indicator of the economic efficiency is the net present value.

The thesis is dealing with the financial and economic analysis of the road infrastructure project. The theoretical part focusses on the explanation of basic terms from the field of public investments. Next it is describing assessment methods of the public investment projects and then it is analysing projects in the transport infrastructure in detail. The practical part is dealing with the assessment of the public project concerning the reconstruction of the road II/422 Podivín-Lednice based on price normatives which set the basic price including real costs for the realization of the buildings of the project given. Next this price is set higher according to building risks presumed. The second part of the thesis is dealing with financial and economic assessment of the project based on the analysis of costs and benefits realized in the electronic system MS2014+, which is used for filling and submitting electronic applications to support projects from structural funds of the European Community and from National resources between the years of 2014 and 2020.

In dieser Arbeit wird ein Modell zur integrierten Verkehrsnachfrage- und Nutzenberechnung für den privaten Personenverkehr entwickelt, mit dem eine harmonisierte Bewertung der entscheidungsrelevanten Aufwände der Verkehrsteilnehmer in der Verkehrsnachfragemodellierung und der Nutzen-Kosten-Analyse ermöglicht wird. Notwendig ist die Modellentwicklung und die damit verbundene Zusammenführung, da die derzeit praktizierte methodische Trennung zum einen nicht theoriekonform mit der Nutzen-Kosten-Analyse ist, zum anderen daraus fehlerhafte Ergebnisse im Rahmen der ökonomischen Gesamtbewertung einer Verkehrsinvestition resultieren können. Das entwickelte Modell liefert als Ergebnis einerseits die Verkehrsnachfrage für den Ohne- und Mitfall (ohne und mit zu bewertender Verkehrsinvestition), andererseits wird die Änderung der Konsumentenrente der Verkehrsteilnehmer ausgegeben, die unmittelbar in die Nutzen-Kosten-Analyse einfließt. Das zugrundegelegte Verkehrsnachfragemodell ist das EVA-Logit-Modell, das dem EVA-Grundmodell in Form eines Logit-Modells entspricht und damit mikroökonomisch interpretierbar und integrierbar ist. Die Nutzenänderung der Verkehrsteilnehmer wird durch das Integral des EVA-Logit-Modells bestimmt und mit Hilfe der in der Verkehrsnachfrage modellierten Bewertungspräferenzen der Verkehrsteilnehmer gegenüber den Reisekosten monetarisiert. Das Ergebnis stellt die konsistent bestimmte Änderung der Konsumentenrente dar. Die Funktionsfähigkeit und Verwendbarkeit des entwickelten Modells wird anhand einer Beispielanwendung getestet.

Att sträva mot en hållbar utveckling, inom alla dess aspekter, är i dagsläget högst aktuellt. Särskilt då medvetenheten ökat kring de negativa effekter som exempelvis utsläpp, föroreningar och buller ger upphov till. Dessa effekter finns alla närvarande när man utvecklar en av samhällets allra mest vitala funktioner, nämligen transportinfrastruktur. Transportsystemen är, och har länge varit, ohållbara då bilar och andra motorfordon, som har stor miljöpåverkan, har prioriterats. För att minska utsläppen från transporter har Europeiska kommissionen uttryckt att andra typer av transportmedel, som kollektivtrafik, gång och cykling, bör ges högre prioritet. Flera stora städer i Europa har infört cykelvisioner och planer för att förbättra möjligheterna för att just cykla. Stockholm är en av dessa städer och en handfull projekt har därför införts för att rusta upp stadens cykelnät. Trots dessa cykelsatsningar görs dock få hållbarhetsanalyser av cykelinfrastrukturprojekt, vilket kan vara problematiskt då beslutsfattare ofta saknar adekvat underlag för att motivera investeringar. Arbetet har undersökt den sociala, ekonomiska och ekologiska hållbarheten hos ett cykelinfrastrukturprojekt genom att jämföra projektets investeringskostnad mot dess samhällsvinster via kostnads- och nyttoanalys (CBA). Projektet som har undersökts innefattar en byggnation av en 400 m lång gång- och cykelbana längs Skärholmsvägen i sydvästra Stockholm. Tidigare har vägen kantats av cykelfält på vardera sida och ingen gångväg har funnits längs sträckan. Projektet väntas vara klart under 2015 och beräknas kosta 4,16-5 miljoner kronor. Vid CBA utreds inledningsvis vilka effekter, som projektet ger upphov till, som ska beaktas i analysen. I detta arbete har hälsovinst, tidsvinst, bekvämlighetsvinst, olycksriskskillnad och miljövinst analyserats. Efter att effekterna kvantifierats omvandlas dessa kvantiteter till monetära termer för att kunna jämföras med projektets budget. Värdet för hälsovinster ges av minskad dödsrisk och värdet av ett statistiskt liv (VSL), tidsvinsten fås av ökad medelhastighet, bekvämlighetsvinsten beräknas genom att cyklisterna separeras från biltrafik, olycksriskskillnaden ges av förändringar i cyklisternas trafiksituation och miljövinsten fås av den andel nytillkomna cyklister som tidigare pendlade via bil. Projektet kommer, enligt utförda beräkningar, resultera i en samhällsnytta på mellan 1,05 miljoner kronor och 2,88 miljoner kronor beroende på mängden genomförda antaganden. Den effekt som bidrog mest till denna nytta är hälsoeffekter med ett bidrag på mellan 919 000 kr och 2,76 miljoner kr. Den effekt som bidrog med minst nytta är miljövinst med ett bidrag på mellan 168 kr och 630 kr. Nyttan kan sedan jämföras med projektets budget vilken förmodas minst uppgå till 4.16 miljoner kronor. Den planerade kostnaden för projektet uppgår dock till 5 miljoner kronor. Projektet kommer alltså slutligen ge upphov till en samhällskostnad på mellan 1,28 miljoner kr och 3,95 miljoner kr enligt genomförda beräkningar. Projektet kan möjligtvis anses vara samhällsekonomiskt gångbart om den procentuella bredden av gångbanan även motsvarar dess procentuella kostnad. Sedan miljöeffekten för projektet blev försumbar jämfört med övriga effekter kan ytterligare analysverktyg dock behövas för att vidare bedöma projektets miljöpåverkan. Detta är en indikation på att CBA är ett ofullständigt analysverktyg för att bedöma hållbarhet vad gäller cykelinfrastrukturprojekt. / Striving towards sustainable development, in all of its aspects, is currently exceedingly relevant. Particularly since the awareness of the negative side effects caused by emissions, pollution and noise have increased. These effects are all present while developing one of society’s most vital functions, namely transport infrastructure. The transport system is, and has long been, unsustainable as cars and other motor vehicles, having a large environmental impact, have been prioritized. To reduce transport emissions the European Commission has stated that other modes of transportation, such as commuting, walking and cycling, should be given higher priority. Several major European cities have implemented visions and plans to improve the possibility to bicycle. Stockholm is one of these cities and a handful of projects have thus been implemented to renovate the city’s cycling network. Despite these bicycle investments few sustainability analyses are made for bicycle infrastructure projects, which can be problematic since decision makers often lack proper support to justify investments. This work has examined the social, economic and ecological sustainability of a bicycle infrastructure project by comparing the investment costs of the project against its social benefits in a cost-benefit analysis (CBA). These benefits include health, time, comfort, accident risk and environment, which have been calculated through a cost benefit analysis (CBA). The examined project consists of a roughly 440 yard path for pedestrians and bicyclists located along Skärholmsvägen, southwest of the Stockholm city centre. Previously the road was lined with two bicycle fields on either side of the road with no path for pedestrians existing prior to the renovation. The project is planned to end during 2015 and the estimated cost amounts to 4,16-5 million SEK. In a CBA the effects which the project generates are initially investigated to assess which of the effects to consider in the analysis. In this work, health benefits, time benefits, comfort benefits, traffic accidents and environmental benefits have been analyzed. After the effects have been quantified these quantities are converted into monetary values to enable a comparison between the effects and the budget of the project. The value for health benefit is determined through decreased mortality risk and the value of a statistical life (VSL), the time benefit is calculated through an increased average velocity, the comfort benefit is determined through separating cyclists from car traffic, accident risk is estimated through the change in the bicyclists traffic conditions and the environmental benefit is calculated through the share of new cyclists who previously commuted by car. The project will, according to performed calculations, result in a societal benefit of in between 1.05 million SEK and 2.88 million SEK depending on the amount of performed assumptions. The effect which contributed the most to this benefit is the health benefit with a contribution of in between 919,000 SEK and 2.76 million SEK. The effect which contributed the least to the societal benefit is the environmental benefit with a contribution of in between 168 SEK and 630 SEK. The benefit can then be compared with the budget of the project which is estimated to amount to at least 4.16 million SEK. However the planned cost for the project amounts to 5 million SEK. The project will thus eventually yield a societal cost of in between 1.28 million SEK and 3.95 million SEK according to the calculations performed. The project can possibly be considered sustainable if the percentage of the width of the path corresponds to the percentage of its cost. Since the environmental effect could be neglected in this project compared to the other effects additional tools would thus be required to assess the environmental aspects of the project. This is an indication of CBA being an incomplete analysis tool to assess sustainability.

This thesis is an investigation of whether an energy efficiency obligation scheme would be cost-effective for the Swedish industrial sector. The basic guidelines of the scheme were constructed based on the characteristics proposed in the Energy Efficiency Directive and the previously implemented schemes in other EU Member States. In order to measure the cost effectiveness of the scheme for the industries, a Cost Benefit Analysis was performed. The results of the study show that the participation of the industries in an energy efficiency obligation scheme seems to be cost effective, and the Benefit to Cost Ratios of the analysis where ranging in numbers higher than one, showing that the benefits outweigh the costs. The scheme is in general more cost effective when scenarios assuming high policy intensity for the whole economy of the country are used as input for the calculation of the BCRs, which are also affected positively when higher fuel prices scenarios are adopted. The obligation should be placed upon the distributors, since the prices of energy distribution are administratively regulated. There is opportunity of financial benefits for the Swedish industries from agreements of energy savings delivery to the distributors in order for them to fulfill their obligation. These benefits will support the cost recovery of the investments for the energy savings measures. The possibility of certificate trading in the context of the scheme is another option that can create opportunities for financial gains and stimulate further the energy market. Basing the costs inputs from other EU Member States offers an insight on how these costs could be formed in the case of Sweden, but they cannot be taken as a complete calculation of the scheme’s financial effects. As a result, this study does not offer a final conclusion on the cost-effectiveness of the scheme; it rather serves as a means of support of the final conclusion regarding the cost-effectiveness of energy efficiency obligation schemes for the Swedish industries.

This diploma thesis is about an evaluation of risks of public investment projects. The first part of the thesis is focused on explanation of an essential terms relating to an economic evaluation and the evaluation of risks of public investment projects. The second part is defining a project and a practical elaboration of the analysis of project risks.

The subject of the diploma thesis is to acquaint the reader with the issue of a public investment project and then apply the information found to the case study in the form of a financial and economic evaluation of the selected investment plan. The evaluated investment project is the reconstruction of a cinema in the village of Hustopeče in the South Moravian Region, while the identified outputs were achieved using the cost method of cost-benefit analysis using the eCBA application. Part of the evaluation also includes a risk analysis in the form of a sensitivity and qualitative analysis.