La presente tesi di dottorato ha come principal e fine l\'articolazione della conoscenza dogmatica capaci di contenere o limitare l\'utilizzazione deI sistema criminal e, di conseguenza, della violenza rappresentata dalla pena. Per questo, iniziamo da tre basi fondamentali: finalitá della pena, concetto materiale del delitto e sistema penale integrale. Attualmente, é innegabile l\'imprescindibilitá circa la creazione di un concetto materiale del delitto. Tale impresa, tuttavia, non puó astenersi dalle strutture che gli offrono contenuto, con il rischio di svuotarsi nel mero formalismo. Cosi, l\'impresa di un concetto materiale deve presupporre ed essere costituito dalle proprie finalitá della pena, inserite dogmaticamente attraverso di elementi normativi, frutto di diferenti giudizi politico-criminali. La valutazione dei fini della sanzione penale risulterá nelle basiche nozioni di merito e necessitá. La costruzione della teoria del delitto, stabilita nella teoria delle norme, permette l\'inserimento di questi due nuovi elementi in fasi dogmatiche distinte, rendendo il primo un criterio cardinale della propria antigiuridicitá penale ed il secondo, a sua volta, di colpevolezza (imputabilitá). Infine, il concetto di crimine cosí costituito deve essere capace di integrare tutti i momenti persecutori sotto la stessa egide, questo é, stabilire un sistema integrale di diritto penale che possa, nelle sue distinte tappe, stare sempre compromesso con i reali effetti che la punizione puó causare nella societá brasiliana. / A presente tese de Doutoramento possui como principal finalidade a articulação de conhecimentos dogmáticos capazes de conter ou limitar a utilização do sistema criminal e, em conseqüência, da violência representada pela pena. Para isso, parte de três bases fundamentais: finalidades da pena, conceito material de delito e sistema penal integral. Atualmente, é inegável a imprescindibilidade acerca da criação de um conceito material de delito. Tal empreendimento, todavia, não pode se abster de estruturas que lhe ofertem conteúdo, sob o risco de se esvaziar na mera formalização. Assim, o estabelecimento de um conceito material deve pressupor e ser constituído pelas próprias finalidades da pena, inseridas dogmaticamente por meio de elementos normativos, frutos de diferenciados juízos político-criminais. A avaliação dos fins da sanção penal redundará nas basilares noções de merecimento e necessidade. A construção da teoria do delito, pautada na teoria das normas, permite a inserção destes dois novos elementos em fases dogmáticas distintas, tornando o primeiro um critério reitor da própria antijuricidade penal e o segundo, da culpabilidade. Por fim, o conceito de crime assim constituído deve ser capaz de integrar todos os momentos persecutórios sob a mesma égide, isto é, estabelecer um sistema integral de Direito penal que possa, em suas distintas etapas, sempre estar comprometido com os reais efeitos que a punição pode causar na sociedade brasileira.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2018-07-16T11:47:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 jessicadeoliveirafernandes.pdf: 1123892 bytes, checksum: 9652809e9b5db221e144e45f16405491 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-09-03T16:17:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jessicadeoliveirafernandes.pdf: 1123892 bytes, checksum: 9652809e9b5db221e144e45f16405491 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-03T16:17:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jessicadeoliveirafernandes.pdf: 1123892 bytes, checksum: 9652809e9b5db221e144e45f16405491 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-11 / A avaliação das Unidades de Polícia Pacificadora (UPPs) no crime do Rio de Janeiro é um tema já discutido na literatura, no entanto, os autores tratam do tema não levam em consideração os deslocamentos espaciais de crime potencialmente existentes. Até o ano de 2014, as UPPs haviam sido implementadas em 38 comunidades circunscritas em 26 distritos policiais (DPs). Este trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar o impacto das UPPs nas taxas de criminalidade entre 2007 e 2016. Para isso, foi realizada uma avaliação de tratamento por meio da abordagem das diferenças-em-diferenças espacial (SDID), método capaz de modelar o deslocamento espacial do crime das regiões tratadas para regiões vizinhas. Os resultados revelam que as UPPs reduziram as taxas de homicídios dolosos, furto a veículos e roubo de veículos nas regiões ocupadas. Além disso, houve um transbordamento dos benefícios da política pública para as regiões vizinhas. / The impact evaluation of Unidades de Polícia Pacificadora (UPPs) in the Rio de Janeiro crime is a topic already discussed in the literature, however, the authors do not take into account the potentially existing spatial displacements of crime. Until the year of 2014, the UPPs have been implemented in 38 communities circumscribed in 26 police districts (DPs). This study is aimed at measuring the impact of the UPPs on crime rates between 2007 and 2016. To do so, a impact evaluation was performed by approaching the spatial difference-in-differences (SDID) which is able to treat crime spatial displacement of regions treated to neighboring regions. The findings reveal that the UPPs have reduced homicide rates, vehicle thefts and vehicles obberies at the occupied regions. Besides, there was a spatial spillover of the benefits of UPPs to the neighboring regions.

Orientador: Sidney Chalhoub / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T01:22:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Porto_AnaGomes_M.pdf: 12854651 bytes, checksum: 2c9b48437d6dc66ee51ae503c1f8d10a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: Esta dissertação tem como proposta analisar algumas notícias de crime presentes nos anos de 1880, 1890, 1900 e 1910, principalmente através do jornal O Estado de São Paulo. Há um sentido geral nestas notícias que idealiza uma nova sociedade baseada na ordem. Os criminosos, então, eram vistos como seres bárbaros e abomináveis, incapazes de tomar parte da sociedade. Entretanto, mesmo com essa mensagem, é possível notar a existência de diversas ambigüidades, sugerindo que não necessariamente a mensagem transmitida pelo jornal poderia se efetivar. As diversas notícias analisadas - folhetins sobre um esqueleto no Paço Imperial, gatunos e crimes de sangue - foram concebidas levando em conta recursos literários, que as transformavam em narrativas interessantes ao leitor. Assim, uma característica do jornal desse período é a presença constante de textos de caráter literário mesmo no espaço destinado às notícias / Abstract: This dissertation proposes to analyse crime news published in the years 1880, 1890, 1900, and 1910, mainly by the newspaper O Estado de SãoPaulo.The general meaning of such news is the idealization of a new society based on order. Therefore, criminals were seen like savage and abominable people, incapable of being part of society. Nevertheless, beside this message, it is possible to notice the existence of multiple ambiguities, suggesting that the essential meaning might not be effectively put foward. Also, all analysed news - feuilletons about a skeleton found in the Imperial Palace, thieves and bloody crimes - rely on literary resources to appeal to the readers. Thus, this work underlines the constant presence of texts with literary character even in the space designated to news / Mestrado / Mestre em História

Orientador: Isaura Guimarães / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-24T20:09:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CasteloBranco_CordeliadeSouza_M.pdf: 138743 bytes, checksum: ec62540546fd1d82088998ddd4270e37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999 / Mestrado

This thesis explores the gendered exercise of discretion at the various stages of the judicial process in the quarter session and assize courts of Yorkshire between 1735 and 1775. It examines the predicament of both sexes in relational terms at each stage of the judicial process. Part one involves an examination of judicial processes from pre-trial to sentencing, while part two focuses on how those processes operated with respect to the selected offences of homicide, non-fatal violence, theft and riot. This thesis augments knowledge in the historical argument regarding gender and crime for the period between those examined by Garthine Walker and Deirdre Palk and extends the coverage provided by Peter King. It is argued that contrasting experiences of the judicial process during the seventeenth century and those of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries are largely due to an increase in the number of statutory offences created between 1680 and 1820 under the ‘Bloody Code’, combined with the effects of the Transportation Act, 1718, which made transportation to America for seven years or more (rather than branding) the statutory punishment for those who successfully pleaded benefit of clergy and a range of common law felonies between 1718 and 1775. Inconsistencies identified by Palk, in the exercise of gendered discretion in the decision-making process, were also evident in the court records for Yorkshire during the eighteenth century. A recurring theme of this thesis is of greater leniency extended to women under threat of a capital sentence, alongside the more severe punishment of women when that threat was removed. The core argument of this thesis also relates to the core arguments of Lucia Zedner and Carolyn Conely for the Victorian period, when they too observed the gendered nature of judicial responses to crime.

This thesis is an attempt to determine the transferability of the findings of some Western studies carried out on Residential burglary, and the applicability of the main methods used for burglary reduction, to societies with different socio-economic structure, in this case Tehran, the capital city of Iran. The thesis will look at patterns of residential burglary found in Tehran and those found by European and American research studies to outline the similarities and differences between them to decide upon the suitability of `opportunity' theories, and ultimately situational preventive measures implemented in some Western countries for the prevention or reduction of burglary in Tehran. Following the failure of social and psychological methods in reducing burglary levels, situational crime prevention has received a great attention in some Western countries during the last few decades. Situational crime prevention policies are aimed at the reduction of crime levels by reducing crime opportunities, through i. e. target-hardening techniques, changes in the management, design, and manipulation of the immediate environment in which crime occurs, which lead to an increase in the risks perceived by a wide range of offenders, also by reducing the benefits of crime. A large proportion of Western criminological studies have carried out their research relying on the assumption which suggests that crime opportunities encourage crime, and that eliminating or blocking crime opportunities will result in the reduction of a large number of residential burglaries. Opportunity theory has adopted the `rationality' and the `routine activity' models of crime to explain when, where, and how burglaries occur. It is assumed that offenders are rational in the selection of crime opportunities that are associated with higher rewards and lower risks of detection. It is also suggested that the routine activities of victims, as well as offenders, play a major role in selecting crime targets that present better opportunities for crime. The main aim of this research is to determine the suitability of situational measures and theories underlying such research to other societies such as Tehran. In order to do so, patterns of residential burglary in Tehran have been examined. An attempt has been made to identify the factors influencing patterns of burglary, and to produce a better understanding of how burglary occurs in Tehran. A comparison between the findings from Tehran and those from Western studies is expected to demonstrate whether the theoretical framework underlying Western studies is capable of explaining burglary patterns in Tehran, and that preventive policies implemented in Western countries are suited to controlling of burglary levels in Tehran. It is hoped that the findings from the current research provide a basis for appropriate crime prevention policies and for future research.

M.A. / Using the concept of resilience, this study investigates mechanisms and strategies used by young men in Zola, Soweto to cope in adverse circumstances. The study breaks with the preoccupation of social science research with 'youth as trouble' issues and resonates with the United Nations' objective to drive forward notions of human development which aim at sustaining support and collaboration in assisting people to develop their full potential. In specific, the study asks the question “What are the mechanisms and strategies that young men in Soweto use to cope in adverse circumstances?” The study, contrary to most resilience studies worldwide, employed a qualitative methodology and relies strongly on data collected in 2007 through in-depth interviews and participant observation among young men of 18-24 years of age in Zola, Soweto, just outside of Johannesburg. The findings highlight how notions of masculinity contribute to the legitimisation of crime and the high uptake of criminal responses to adversity in a context of poverty and inequality – a process I discuss in light of Michael Ungar's notion of 'hidden resilience'. The project's contributions to research are threefold: Firstly, the study contributes to the international body of resilience literature by providing a context-specific account of risk and adaptation among young men in an urban township environment in South Africa. Secondly, it adds to recent discussions on the appropriateness of different methods in studying resilience by reflecting on some of the most common approaches to researching resilience among children and youths. Lastly, the project takes a glance at potential fields of interest for policy and programme development that emanate from the study's innovative perspective on 'youth at risk' in Zola.

Magister Legum - LLM

Magister Legum - LLM

Magister Legum - LLM / This research paper will examine whether the ICC should de lege ferenda be accorded jurisdiction in respect of the crime of corruption. Through this approach, the paper will contribute to the existing literature on corruption that argues in favour of an elevation of corruption to a crime under international law and, in addition, will proffer a specialised mechanism for addressing the problem.