No description available.

No description available.

<p>The research employed a qualitative research paradigm. The ethnographic approach was used to conduct the research. Data collection was done though various ethnographic techniques, classroom observation, in-depth interviews and document analysis. The population was 85 women who participated in a Adult Basic Education and Training programme in Eersterivier in the Cape Peninsula area a questionnaire was used to collect demographic information of the participants Data was analysed by thematic analysis and coded, categorised and discussed according to the aim and objectives of the study in relation to previous studies The main findings were why exploring the existing literacy practice women were depended on others for literacy assistance, which made them avoid literacy events and become vulnerable in this process to cope with the everyday life.</p>

This multiple case study explores the ways in which Latina/a immigrant children make sense of immigration by reading critical multicultural texts and blogging. As U.S. immigration policy shifts have created more punitive policies for immigrant adults, these changes place both documented and undocumented children in difficult situations. With many children born in the U.S. as citizens, these families are identified as "mixed-status" families because of the rights and privileges that immigrant children and parents are afforded or denied (Capps & Fortuny, 2006). What appears to be missing from the research around immigration status and children of immigrants is how literacy, in particular digital literacy or blogging can play a role in the understanding of immigration. Studies have illustrated that critical literacy discussions often help facilitate Latina/a immigrant youth's understandings of the multiple communities and larger social spaces and their identities. Moreover, blogging also gives students an opportunity to express themselves in a way which will make them feel comfortable, which is not always possible in a classroom setting (Bloch, 2011, p. 159). The questions guiding this study are: How does reading critical multicultural texts around immigration issues and discussions in computer-mediated discourse communities help children make meaning of a larger social issue like immigration? and (2) How do children use computer mediated discussions to deepen their understandings of literature? Three lines of inquiry guided the research: social constructivist learning theories (Gee, 2004; Lave & Wenger, 1991; Vygotsky, 1978), critical literacy theory (Lewison, Flint, & Van Sluys, 2002: Luke, 2012; Luke & Freebody, 2012), and transactional theory (Rosenblatt, 1978, 2005; Smagorinsky, 2001). Participants in the study were third grade Latina/a students. Data sources included students' blog posts, audio recordings of classroom discussions, student writing samples, field notes, and interviews. Constant comparative approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1965) was used to analyze the data. Findings demonstrate that discussions and blogging afforded students a space to deconstruct the complexities surrounding immigration and immigration policies. Students' gained a greater sense of agency when disrupting the status quo and taking action on such issues. The broader implications from this study highlight the need to use varied modalities and formats when working with culturally diverse students and critical multicultural texts.

This thesis explores how teachers are shown on-screen by asking the following questions: do on-screen, fictional portrayals of high school teachers affect student perceptions of their own teachers and further, how do these perceptions affect student-teacher relations and expectations of the classroom experience? Ten high school students in grades eleven and twelve were interviewed using surveys, one-on-one interviews, and a focus group. The findings revealed that fictional representations affect students in a multitude of ways, namely in student’s expectations of teachers and schooling and in how individual identities are formed and fostered. This study also found that while the participants demonstrated many critical literacy skills, they were noticeably lacking in others, thus speaking to the need for increased critical literacy education in our schools.

If today’s adolescents are not becoming critically literate, then the nearly infinite number of texts with which they engage, are being accepted blindly or simply ignored. There are adolescents who do question texts, but what are the meanings they make from them. This research focuses on the question, “How do adolescents use critical literacy to navigate/negotiate the texts in their lives?” Through classroom observation and interviews with the students as informants, I collected qualitative data that I used to develop a Critical Engagement Continuum. The Continuum provides a framework how adolescents engage with a variety of texts, from critical thinking to critical literacy. Conclusions show that most participants’ comments fell towards the critical thinking end of the continuum and few made mention of any social justice issues or transformative thinking which categorizes the critical literacy end. Recommendations are made for teachers looking to develop a critically literate classroom. / Graduate

This research explores literacy as a medium for deepening student's awareness of their world and the impact of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT). Standardized testing is analyzed as a fundamental paradigm to our school culture. Ethnography is explored as a method for describing one group of students and their teacher as they prepare for the OSSLT. The findings conclude that the test occupies time, dominates definitions of literacy and undermines student and teacher agency. The conclusion considers reasons for why we seem to accept a testing paradigm that may be a direct affront to democratic practice in schools.

This teacher as researcher inquiry set out to negotiate a critical literacy curriculum in a grade 3 classroom in Nova Scotia, Canada. It suggests that the inclusion of texts with multiple perspectives alongside popular culture, media, and digital texts are key to enacting a critical literacy curriculum.

No description available.

NUNES, Tiago Alves. Do verbal ao imagético: o letramento visual nas abordagens de leitura no ensino de língua portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola. 2016. 147f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-15T11:19:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_tanunes.pdf: 13566163 bytes, checksum: 14459d5f27d1b5c14186640530388d7e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-15T11:45:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_tanunes.pdf: 13566163 bytes, checksum: 14459d5f27d1b5c14186640530388d7e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-15T11:45:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_tanunes.pdf: 13566163 bytes, checksum: 14459d5f27d1b5c14186640530388d7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / The image becomes a constituent part of various genres, integrating the vast discursive fields present in the social sphere of human communication and interaction. Therefore, the reader/producer of meanings is required to have specific skills so that he can insert himself in that chain of meaning production, since, as any text, images should be read, and not just displayed/observed. In what concerns education it is known that reading approaches in the classroom are based on assumptions that support the development of the reading comprehension of the learners of native and foreign languages. As the multimodal component is part of the textual displaying mode, it is important that in language classes, from a given reading approach, visual literacy be promoted and, in particular, that it be guided by a sociocultural perspective of reading which makes it possible to explore the image as text. Thus, this research aims at diagnosing reading approaches present in language teaching in the educational context and its implications for the visual literacy. To do so we have investigated the practice of three language teachers (a Portuguese one, a Spanish one and an English one) in a public school, paying attention to the teacher-material-student relationship, and the material used by the teachers. Our research is a qualitative-interpretative one and diagnostic based; and, with regard to the materials and methods used, a field study; we have resorted thus to the questionnaire, to the class observation, to the field notes and to the analysis of teaching materials as methodological tools to complete the investigation. At the end of the collection and generation of the corpus, we triangulated the data. As to the theoretical foundation, we have based this study, with regard to visual literacy (ELKINS, 2009), in the theoretical and analytical assumptions of the Grammar of Visual Design (KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 2006) and, in respect to reading approaches, in the studies of Cassany (2006), as well as in the studies on critical literacy (BAPTISTA, 2010, 2012, 2014; LUKE, 2012; CAZDEN et al., 1996). After the analysis, it is possible to say that the concept of reading established in the classroom is primarily psycholinguistic and linguistic, focusing thereby in formal aspects, so that the sociocultural aspects permeate the teaching practice infinitely. Moreover, the treatment given to the image is in general of an accessorial nature in the composition of the multimodal text when it is not perceived, although teachers are aware that the image is text and that the relationship between verbal and non-verbal text is one of complementation. Therefore, the development of visual literacy, from a sociocultural perspective, is incipient in the teaching of native and foreign languages in the context investigated. / A imagem, como parte constitutiva de diversos gêneros textuais, integra os vastos domínios discursivos presentes na esfera social da comunicação e interação humanas. Assim sendo, se requerem do leitor/produtor habilidades específicas para que ele possa se inserir nessa cadeia de produção de sentidos, visto que, como qualquer texto, as imagens precisam ser lidas, e não apenas visualizadas/observadas. No tocante ao ensino, sabe-se que as abordagens de leitura em sala de aula se orientam por determinados pressupostos que corroboram o desenvolvimento da compreensão leitora dos aprendizes de línguas materna e estrangeiras. Como o componente multimodal faz parte do modo de apresentação textual, é importante que nas aulas de línguas, a partir de dada abordagem de leitura, se fomente o letramento visual e, em especial, norteadas por uma perspectiva sociocultural de leitura que permita explorar a imagem como texto. Assim, esta investigação objetiva diagnosticar as abordagens de leitura presentes no ensino de três línguas no contexto educacional, a saber, português, espanhol e inglês, com ênfase na análise de possíveis implicações para o incremento do letramento visual na sala de aula. Para tanto, investigamos a prática de três professoras dessas línguas (uma de língua portuguesa, uma de língua espanhola e uma de língua inglesa) realizadas em uma escola pública, priorizando nesse exame descrever e interpretar como se dá a relação professor-material-aluno e, ainda, como o material usado pelos docentes sugere ou não atividades que favoreçam o tratamento da imagem e, em especial, o letramento visual. Do ponto de vista metodológica, a pesquisa é de caráter qualitativo-interpretativista, de base diagnóstica; e, no que diz respeito aos materiais e métodos empregados, trata-se de um estudo de campo. Recorremos, para fins de coleta/geração de dados, ao questionário, à observação de aula, às anotações de campo e à análise de material didático e os dados gerados foram entrecruzados na posterior análise. Como fundamentação teórica, ancoramo-nos, no que diz respeito ao letramento visual (ELKINS, 2009), nos pressupostos teórico-analíticos da Gramática do Design Visual (KRESS, VAN LEEUWEN, 2006) e, no que concerne às abordagens de leitura, nos estudos de Cassany (2006) bem como nos estudos sobre letramento crítico (BAPTISTA, 2010, 2012, 2014; LUKE, 2012; CAZDEN et al., 1996). Depois das análises, pode-se afirmar que as concepções de leitura instauradas em sala são, primordialmente, a psicolinguística e a linguística, com especial destaque para os aspectos formais, de sorte que os socioculturais perpassam infimamente a prática docente. Ademais, o trato dado à imagem, em geral, é de natureza secundária na composição do texto multimodal, quando não percebida, embora os professores tenham consciência de que a imagem é texto e de que a relação entre texto verbal e não verbal é de complementaridade. Portanto, o fomento do letramento visual, desde uma perspectiva sociocultural, é incipiente no ensino de línguas materna e estrangeiras no contexto investigado.