Hybridity, as it is currently understood in the Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) and International Relations (IR) literature, is defined by the complex interactions between ‘the liberal peace' and ‘the local'. However, under this theoretical liberal-local rubric, the ways in which power is practiced has already been determined; how resistance is expressed and the forms it assumes have already been established. While it has yielded numerous important insights into how power circulates and resistance manifests in peacebuilding operations, the theoretical approach conceals other significant dynamics which escape detection by ‘the liberal peace' and ‘the local'. However, these undetected dimensions of hybridity comprise the very processes that emerge in ways which destabilise the boundaries between ‘the liberal peace' and ‘the local' and reshape the contours of the emerging post-liberal peace. Instead of accepting the liberal-local distinction which defines this theoretical hybridity, this thesis advances an alternative methodological approach to exploring the tensions at play in peacebuilding projects. Rather than deploying theoretical distinctions in order to explain or understand complex hybrid processes, this thesis develops a methodological strategy for exploring the tensions between how actors design a peacebuilding project and how that project changes as actors work to translate that project into complex, everyday living sites (Callon, 1986; Law, 1997; Akrich, 1992). This tension is expressed as practical hybridity. The process of practical hybridity unfolds as the concrete material changes, modifications, and adaptations that emerge as actors appropriate and contingently translate organised practices in new ways and for different purposes. Through an ongoing process of practical hybridity, the boundaries and distinction which define the distinction between ‘the liberal peace' and ‘the local' become increasingly unstable. Amidst this instability, the practices which characterised ‘the liberal peace' are becoming stretched into a post-liberal peace. Drawing on the work of Richmond (2011a; Richmond & Mitchell, 2012), Latour (1987b; 1988; 2004), and Schatzki (2002), and based on over five months of field research, this this thesis traces the process of practical hybridity at play during the implementation and evaluation of a peacebuilding project in Liberia. I participated as a research assistant on a Randomised Control Trial (RCT), implemented by a small research team under the auspices of the Oxford University's Centre for the Study of African Economies (CSAE). The team was assessing the impact of a legal empowerment programme managed by The Carter Center: the Community Justice Advisor (CJA) programme. As the CSAE's evaluation of the CJA programme unfolded, many dynamics associated with theoretical liberal-local hybridity surfaced; however, it also became apparent that this theoretical formulation obscured important dimensions which were reshaping what peacebuilding practice is in the process of becoming in the emerging post-liberal world.

This thesis develops a critical reading methodology entitled unprincipled formalism. This methodology is tested in close readings of three relatively contemporary Australian literary texts: David Malouf's short story "A Traveller's Tale" (1986) and novella Remembering Babylon (1994), and Peter Carey's short story "The Chance" (1978). Unprincipled formalism is developed in relation to three broad contexts: the fragmented state of the contemporary discipline of literary studies; the complex of international economic and social phenomena which goes under the general rubric of globalisation; and the specific Australian left-liberal literary critical tradition which I have termed, for convenience sake, the Meanjin literary formation. Unprincipled formalism does not draw a distinction between form and content. Unprincipled formalism is a critical methodology that is both avowedly socially concerned and strictly formalist. It is concerned with articulating and analysing the particular social and political interventions made by literary texts (as well as the resultant critical discussion of those texts) through a consideration of the formal techniques by which literary texts situate themselves as acts of communication. Principal among these techniques is the mise en abyme. The thesis provides a detailed analysis of debates around the mise en abyme informed by the work of theorists such as Ross Chambers, Lucien Dallenbach, Frank Lentricchia, Moshe Ron, Jacques Derrida and others. Politically, unprincipled formalism attempts to steer a middling course between neo-liberal triumphalism on the one hand and nostalgic left romanticism on the other. This involves on the one hand a critique of neo-liberalism drawing on the work of Charles Taylor, Stephen Holmes, John Frow and others, and on the other a critique of a nostalgic romantic tendency in "progressive" critical technologies such as postmodern and postcolonial literary studies.

Submitted by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-17T18:51:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSCS.pdf: 22553251 bytes, checksum: ae5051084f288274ee4ab6ed93e9fd24 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-17T18:51:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSCS.pdf: 22553251 bytes, checksum: ae5051084f288274ee4ab6ed93e9fd24 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-17T18:52:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSCS.pdf: 22553251 bytes, checksum: ae5051084f288274ee4ab6ed93e9fd24 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-17T18:52:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSCS.pdf: 22553251 bytes, checksum: ae5051084f288274ee4ab6ed93e9fd24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-21 / Não recebi financiamento / The research of critical-dialogical environmental education was developed in the municipality of Caceres, Pantanal of Mato Grosso. It is work done by many hands, the results of many voices meeting. Fruit of the interaction of workers who have their lives interwoven by the uneasy rhythm of the waters of the Pantanal rivers of Mato Grosso. During approximately 2 years we dialogue with traditional fishermen linked to two entities representing the category: Colony Z-2 and the Association of fishermen of Caceres – Appec. Before entities were affiliated, these people and/or their families had traditionally developed, for decades, fishing for subsistence. Our main objective was to contextualize the artisanal fishing activity in the municipality of Caceres, starting with an egalitarian dialogue with fishermen, in order to simultaneously promote processes of critical dialogic formation with them, especially from and regarding their contexts. To do so, we launched the freirean and haberman theoretical and methodological referential, densely consubstantiated in the critical communicative methodology. In this dialogical diagnostic, analytical revealing and propositional transformative process, we discuss three themes, considered by them and by them as the main ones: a) the practice of artisanal professional fishing; b) participation in the political actions of Colony Z-2 and Appec and in the processes of formulation of public fisheries policies, and c) conservation of fish biodiversity. The results, analyzes and developments of this research are listed in part two of this thesis. There are five articles in which we seek, in addition to retaking in each of them the theoretical and methodological framework that underlies this work, we also discuss the reflections we carry out dialogically with 83 professional fishermen. In the four articles are listed the motives of the lucid voice and the deafening silence that drove our movements during the time we were together. To a large extent, we have identified a growing disposition within the fishing communities for the freiran dialogue. Despite all the violence to which these people have already been and are submitted, the disposition to face the processes of spoliation of rights persists keenly. Therefore, the importance of environmental education research based on values, practices and critical dialogic concepts, since these potentialize the coordination of actions with a view to overcoming the processes of oppression, potentialization as historical subjects, which are also able to read his world and seek his transformation. / Esta pesquisa de educação ambiental dialógico-crítica foi desenvolvida no município de Cáceres, Pantanal de Mato Grosso. Trata-se de um trabalho elaborado por muitas mãos, resultado de muitas vozes. Fruto da interação de trabalhadoras e trabalhadores que têm suas vidas entretecidas pelo intranquilo movimento das águas dos rios do Pantanal de Mato Grosso. Durante aproximadamente dois anos dialogamos com pescadoras e pescadores tradicionais vinculadas/os a duas entidades de representação da categoria: a Colônia Z-2 e a Associação de Pescadores Profissionais de Cáceres - Appec. Antes de se filiarem às entidades, essas pessoas e/ou seus familiares já desenvolviam tradicionalmente, há décadas, a pesca para subsistência. Tivemos como objetivo principal contextualizar a atividade pesqueira profissional artesanal no município de Cáceres, a partir do diálogo igualitário com pescadoras/es, de modo a promover, simultaneamente, processos de formação dialógicocrítica com elas/es, sobretudo a partir e a respeito de seus contextos. Para tanto lançamos mão do referencial teórico-metodológico freiriano e habermasiano – densamente consubstanciado na metodologia comunicativo-crítica. Nesse processo dialógico-diagnóstico, analíticodesvelador e propositivo-transformador dialogamos sobre três temas, considerados por elas e por eles como principais: a) exercício da pesca profissional artesanal; b) participação nas ações políticas da Colônia Z-2 e da Appec e nos processos de formulação das políticas públicas de pesca, e c) a conservação da biodiversidade de peixes. Os resultados, as análises e os desdobramentos dessa pesquisa estão arrolados na parte II dessa tese. São cinco artigos, nos quais procuramos, além de retomar em cada um deles o referencial teórico-metodológico que fundamenta este trabalho, igualmente discorremos sobre as reflexões que realizamos dialogicamente com 83 pescadoras e pescadores profissionais artesanais. Nos cinco artigos estão arroladas as motivações da voz lúcida e do silêncio ensurdecedor que impulsionaram nossos movimentos durante o período em que estivemos juntas/os. Em grande medida, identificamos que há, no seio dessas comunidades pesqueiras, uma disposição crescente ao diálogo freiriano, que de suas práticas sociais pesqueiras decorrem processos educativos nos quais estão implicadas intencionalidades educativas enfrentantes. Apesar de toda violência a que estas pessoas já foram e são submetidas, persiste candentemente a disposição em enfrentar os processos de espoliação de direitos. Por isso, a importância de pesquisas de educação ambiental embasadas em valores, práticas e conceitos dialógico-críticos, pois estas potencializam a coordenação de ações com vistas à superação dos processos de opressão, potencialização intrinsecamente aliada à sua participação dialógica como sujeitos históricos, que são também capazes de ler seu mundo e buscar sua transformação.

Evangelicals have been characterized as a people committed to the Bible with historical roots to the fundamentalists who were engaged in controversy with liberals in North America at the beginning of the twentieth century. Harold Lindsell's book, The Battle For The Bible (1976), led to a great deal of discussion about inerrancy among evangelicals which resulted in major conferences and the publication of a number of books and articles discussing inerrancy in the subsequent decade. The principal doctrinal statement of the Evangelical Theological Society (ETS) has been from its inception a statement on inerrancy. The inerrancy debate among evangelicals took a new direction with the publication of R H Gundry's commentary on Matthew (1982). This sparked a debate concerning redaction criticism and the compatibility of using the historical-critical methodology while maintaining a commitment to the doctrine of inerrancy. Just when the debate appeared to be dying down the publication of the results of the Jesus Seminar (1993) led to several responses from evangelicals. The most controversial publication was The Jesus Crisis (1998) which accused evangelicals and some within the ETS of embracing the same methodology as those of the Jesus Seminar, refueling the debate again. Consequently this debate amongst evangelicals, particularly those associated with the ETS has continued for almost two decades. The debate has ranged over a variety of issues related to historical criticism and the study of the Gospels, including presuppositions, the Synoptic Problem, the role of harmonization, and whether the Gospels provide a strict chronology of the life of Jesus. The role of form and tradition criticism and the criteria of authenticity and whether the Gospel writers were faithful historians or creative theologians have also been points of contention in the debate. The languages that Jesus spoke and whether the Gospels preserve the ipsissima verba or vox have highlighted the differing views about the requirements of inerrancy. The redaction criticism debate has proven to have a significant role in exposing differences in methodology, definitions, presuppositions, and boundaries among evangelicals and members of the ETS. / New Testament / D.Th. (New Testament)

Evangelicals have been characterized as a people committed to the Bible with historical roots to the fundamentalists who were engaged in controversy with liberals in North America at the beginning of the twentieth century. Harold Lindsell's book, The Battle For The Bible (1976), led to a great deal of discussion about inerrancy among evangelicals which resulted in major conferences and the publication of a number of books and articles discussing inerrancy in the subsequent decade. The principal doctrinal statement of the Evangelical Theological Society (ETS) has been from its inception a statement on inerrancy. The inerrancy debate among evangelicals took a new direction with the publication of R H Gundry's commentary on Matthew (1982). This sparked a debate concerning redaction criticism and the compatibility of using the historical-critical methodology while maintaining a commitment to the doctrine of inerrancy. Just when the debate appeared to be dying down the publication of the results of the Jesus Seminar (1993) led to several responses from evangelicals. The most controversial publication was The Jesus Crisis (1998) which accused evangelicals and some within the ETS of embracing the same methodology as those of the Jesus Seminar, refueling the debate again. Consequently this debate amongst evangelicals, particularly those associated with the ETS has continued for almost two decades. The debate has ranged over a variety of issues related to historical criticism and the study of the Gospels, including presuppositions, the Synoptic Problem, the role of harmonization, and whether the Gospels provide a strict chronology of the life of Jesus. The role of form and tradition criticism and the criteria of authenticity and whether the Gospel writers were faithful historians or creative theologians have also been points of contention in the debate. The languages that Jesus spoke and whether the Gospels preserve the ipsissima verba or vox have highlighted the differing views about the requirements of inerrancy. The redaction criticism debate has proven to have a significant role in exposing differences in methodology, definitions, presuppositions, and boundaries among evangelicals and members of the ETS. / New Testament / D.Th. (New Testament)