Tracing the history back to the 17th century, Taiwan had already started trade with other countries then due to excellent location and convenient marine transportation in the oceans. Such great qualifications stress Taiwan's importance in the international regime. This thesis includes 6 chapters. Besides the introduction in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 is the description of data sources and gives a picture of the then background. Chapter 3 describes the importance of China's trade market from Taiwan's point of view. This chapter covers Taiwan's trade dependence, export dependence and import dependence on China. Also exports-imports ratio of Taiwan's trade with China is also addressed. It displays the rise and fall of China's share of Taiwan's exports, imports or total trade volume. When Taiwan just opened its ports in 1860, China was Taiwan's most important export market. However, the volume of Taiwan's exports to China shrank dramatically in 1902 during Japanese colonial rule and Taiwan's main export markets switched from China to Japan. After the recovery of Taiwan, China and Taiwan maintained a close trade relationship under the Nationalist Government administration. After then, the two sides were separate for almost 40 years. When both of them opened to each other, Taiwan's exports to China have multiplied. China became Taiwan's largest export market in 2002. As for Taiwan's imports from China, it hardly fluctuated. Even in 2005, China's share of Taiwan's imports was still only around 10%. Chapter 4 and 5 address the changes in the trade commodities between China and Taiwan. They display the rise and fall of the trade items and following the description give a general picture of that after 1988. Tea and sugar covered over 90% of Taiwan's exports in late 19th century. The main export market was China. In Japanese colonial rule, sugar and rice was the most important goods. They occupied almost 70% percent of Taiwan's exports and the export destination was Japan. Other export goods such as sub-agricultural products, fishery products, textile products and industrial products were not as important as tea, sugar and rice. In Chapter 4, changes of Taiwan's economic structure were also discussed. As for the imports, agricultural products, fertilizer, industrial products, textile products and other daily living products accounted for around 40%~50% of the total imports. The import goods are more various than export goods. In the last section of Chapter 5, policy evolution of the two sides is also addressed. Chapter 6 is the conclusion of the tables and figures. Future perspectives are also given in this part.

政府開放赴大陸投資二十年，逐漸放寬對大陸投資限制，在大陸廣大市場商機誘因下，對大陸投資規模日益擴大，投資業別亦擴及服務業，對大陸投資形成新局面，究竟兩岸經貿政策對台商赴中國大陸投資影響如何，乃為本研究動機。 本研究採文獻分析與焦點座談暨深度訪談法，經由次級資料分析，兩岸經貿政策鬆綁對台灣競爭力、經濟成長、貿易、商港貨櫃裝卸量及來台旅客均呈現成長。另一方面，近年主要產品在海外生產比重增加，我國在美國、日本、大陸進口市場佔有率逐漸下滑，台商在台灣採購設備及零組件比率降低，且台商在海外研發當地化情形日益明顯。另一方面產學界專家認為政府輔導策略首先應強化在大陸之聯繫網絡；善用台商在大陸既有通路，以整體行銷台灣產品；引導創新研發及高階製程留在台灣；政府加速鬆綁產業交流所涉及之法規；強化智慧財產權之宣導與投資保護；透過台資銀行在大陸分行，提供台商融資管道。未來並應加強與台商產業鏈連結，將海外台商納入台灣產業發展一環，同時落實ECFA實施效益，創造國內經濟發展的正面效益。 / Since allowing investment in China 20 years ago, the government of Taiwan has gradually lifted restrictions on China-based investments by its citizens. Enticed by the expanded market opportunities in China, R.O.C. nationals are rapidly scaling up their investments on the mainland China by broadening their investments to many industries and the service sector, which has become a new development in investing in China. Whether the cross-strait economic and trade policies affect the investment of Taiwan businessmen in mainland China, is a motivation of this study. The literature review and focus groups & depth interviews were used in this study . Through the secondary data analysis, Cross-Strait trade policies have manifested in progress and growth in Taiwan’s competitiveness, economic growth, trade, container throughput by commercial ports, and the number of tourists visiting Taiwan. However, the government should pay close attention to the fact that during the last few years the proportion of major products produced overseas has increased, while the market share of Taiwanese imports in the United States, Japan, and China markets has gradually declined and procurements of machines/equipment and components/parts by Taiwanese businesses has dropped. Moreover, the localization of R&D overseas by Taiwanese businesses has noticeably increased. The government’s assistance strategy should first focus on the strengthening of contacts and networks in China. It should also leverage existing Taiwanese business channels in China to expand the sales of Taiwanese products in the China market through an integrated marketing campaign and facilitate innovative R&D while keeping high-end production processes in Taiwan. The government should also relax laws governing industry exchanges, strengthen the education of Taiwanese businesses with regard to intellectual property rights and investment protections, and provide financing channels for Taiwanese businesses through Taiwanese-invested banks with branch offices in China. In the future, the government should strengthen links with the supply chains of Taiwanese businesses and to include overseas Taiwanese businesses as part of Taiwan’s industrial development plans. At the same time, it should fully realize the benefits of the ECFA and create a positive effect on Taiwan’s domestic economic development.

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2008年馬英九總統上任後，遵行「先經後政」的兩岸政策方針，積極與中國大陸簽訂了多項協議，但我國民眾對此出現許多疑慮。2013年6月，海基會與海協會於中國大陸上海簽署《海峽兩岸服務貿易協議》，並對外公布兩岸的開放清單，此舉引發我國民眾不滿，認為政府單位未做到與民間充分協調的工作，並憂心將使臺灣在經濟與政治上更依賴中國大陸，造成社會不安，其後，我國於2014年3月，爆發了國內大規模的「太陽花學運」抗爭活動。 近年來，中國大陸已成為臺灣最大的貿易夥伴，但基於臺灣與中國大陸的特殊關係，兩岸間的經貿發展一直是台灣民眾相當關心的問題。本研究的主要目的為，在兩岸經貿互動非常密切與民意優先的今日，了解民眾對於兩岸經貿的認知與立場，試圖了解哪些因素會使民眾對於兩岸經貿的態度改變，並在過往研究的基礎上，洞悉影響民眾兩岸經貿態度的內在及外在因素如何相互作用，使民眾的兩岸經貿認知產生變化，並使用國立政治大學選舉研究中心「線上調查實驗室」於2015年4月，所進行的網路民調資料來分析。 根據前述架構，本研究將內在因素歸類為人口變項、心理認同、經濟考量以及政治考量四個部分；外在因素則藉由當今兩岸經貿交流互動中所遭遇到的問題點作為設計，涵蓋經濟利益、談判過程與安全因素等三部分，並提出政府可實行政策之方向，以條件問句來看民眾在情況下的態度變化。 資料檢測的結果發現，民眾對於各項條件句的接受程度不一，甚至加入條件句後，對於兩岸經貿的態度有轉向負向的情況，顯見不同的背景的民眾，將藉由相異的思考面向來形塑其對於兩岸經貿認知。而其中，安全因素的條件，將最有助於扭轉原先不贊成兩岸經貿的民眾意見。 研究發現，影響民眾對於兩岸經貿態度的變數中，除過去較常討論的內在因素外，外在因素同時具有影響力。臺灣民眾看待兩岸經貿不全然受到感性因素影響，當政府適時的給予政策上的幫助時，民眾仍會改變態度，以理性作為思考。希冀藉由本研究的討論，對於民眾兩岸經貿立場認知有更全面性的了解，並提供實質上的政策意涵。

本研究係利用經濟部投資審議委員會2007年「華僑及外國人投資事業營運狀況調查表（非服務業）」問卷資料，以1,013家僑外資在台非服務業廠商為分析對象，運用Probit Model進行實證分析，由廠商規模、行業分類、廠商成立年數、國際化程度、技術來源、在台設立區域營運總部、業務種類多樣化、兩岸經貿政策進一步鬆綁及降低關稅，儘速與他國簽署FTA等各個面向，探討兩岸經貿關係更加緊密後，影響僑外商在台子公司運籌中心地位之決定因素為何。經實證結果發現，國際化程度、技術來源、在台設立區域營運總部、業務種類多樣化及兩岸經貿政策進一步鬆綁等變數為影響僑外商在台子公司運籌中心地位之決定因素，除技術來源為在台自行研發之變數呈負向關係，傾向於採行降低及不變之營運策略外，其他變數皆與僑外商在台子公司運籌中心地位呈正向關係，傾向採提升之營運策略。 / This research made use of the 2007 Ministry of Economic Affairs Investment Commission survey entitled "Chinese and Foreign Investment Enterprises Operating Conditions Survey (non-service)" and targeted 1,013 non-service industry overseas foreign manufacturers in Taiwan as research subjects. The Probit model was used to carry out an empirical analysis based on the firm size, industry classification, the year the manufacturer was established, the degree of internationalization, technology source, established regional operational headquarters in Taiwan, business type diversity, steps taken to relax and lower tariffs and promptness in signing FTA and other oriented documents, with other countries. This study discusses why there were influencing factors in the decisions of overseas foreign investment subsidiaries in Taiwan logistics center positions after cross-strait economic and trade relations became closer. The empirical results show that the degree of internationalization, sources of technology, the establishment of the regional operational headquarters in Taiwan, business type diversity and further relaxation of cross-strait trade policy variables are the impacts of overseas subsidiary of foreign logistics center’s factors in determining status. In addition to the fact that the variables of technology sources developing on their own in Taiwan showed a negative relationship and tend to adopt reduced and unchanged operation strategies, other variables are compatible with overseas business subsidiaries in Taiwan logistics center position and showed a positive relationship and tend to enhance the operational strategies adopted.