El presente estudio de investigación tiene como objetivo general describir la relación entre la estética chicha y las marcas de diseño de moda independiente limeñas entre los años 2010-2020. Hace muchos años se iniciaron olas migratorias a la capital del Perú (Lima). Mencionados cambios en la demografía nacional generaron el surgimiento de una nueva estética dentro de la ciudad, la estética chicha. Esta estética caracterizada por colores llamativos, altos contrastes y expresiones divertidas, rápidamente empezó a ser empleada por diferentes expresiones creativas como el diseño de moda independiente. Para poder lograrlo, se busca responder a la siguiente pregunta: ¿De qué manera se han relacionado la estética de la cultura chicha y las marcas de diseño de moda independiente limeñas entre los años 2010-2020? Para lograr responderla, se desarrollará un marco teórico de la investigación que se centrará en explicar los conceptos de estética de la cultura chicha y de diseño de moda independiente para luego poder establecer la relación entre ambos. Para ello, se emplearán diferentes autores que hayan desarrollado conceptos relevantes para el estudio. El proceso de investigación se realizó a través de una metodología con enfoque cualitativo y diseño etnográfico. Se entrevistarán a representantes de dos marcas de diseño independiente fundadas en Lima (Perú) que emplean la estética chicha en sus diseños a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Se busca hallar las motivaciones y razones personales detrás de la incorporación de este recurso en su proceso creativo. / The present research study has the general objective of describing the relationship between chicha aesthetics and independent fashion design brands in Lima between the years 2010-2020. Many years ago migrants from Perú began to arrive to its capital, Lima. Mentioned changes in the national demography generated the emergence of a new aesthetic within the city, the chicha aesthetic. Characterized by striking colors, high contrasts and fun expressions, this aesthetic quickly began to be used by different creative expressions such as independent fashion design. In order to achieve this objective, it seeks to answer the following question: How have the aesthetics of the Chicha culture and the independent fashion design brands of Lima been related between the years 2010-2020? In order to answer it, a theoretical framework of the research will be developed and focused on explaining the concepts of aesthetics of the Chicha culture and independent fashion design, in order to afterwards establish the relationship between the two. For this, different authors who have developed relevant concepts for the study will be used. The research process was carried out through a methodology with a qualitative approach and ethnographic design. Two independent design brands founded in Lima (Peru) that use chicha aesthetics in their designs will be interviewed through semi-structured interviews. It seeks to find the motivations and personal reasons behind the incorporation of this resource in your creative process.

In my dissertation, I explore social strategies that Peruvian subalterns have developed to survive against racism and discrimination. I have identified and coined one of these strategies as etnovaivén (ethno-sway), which I define as a pendulum-like approach that allows subalterns to swing/sway from blanqueamiento to cholificación, and vice versa. In this context, blanqueamiento (whitening) mainly refers to the subaltern's willingness and efforts to assimilate the white culture in order achieve upward social mobility, whereas cholificación depicts the reluctance of Indian and mestizo subalterns to assimilate the cultural norms of the dominant group in certain circumstances, while asserting their own ethnic identity. Conversely, etnobúmeran (ethno-boomerang) is a self-inflicted boycott to one’s own ethnic groups. I claim that Peruvian subalterns shape their cultural singularity between ethno-sway and ethno-boomerang. My research has examined these social phenomena as reflected in the Inca Garcilaso de la Vega’s Comentarios reales (1609), Clorinda Matto de Turner’s Aves sin nido (1889), and Enrique López Albújar’s Matalaché (1928). In addition, in La ciudad y los perros (1963) by Mario Vargas Llosa, Montacerdos (1981) by Cronwell Jara, La violencia del tiempo (1991) by Miguel Gutiérrez, and Hienas en la niebla (2010) by Juan Morillo, I have analyzed the historical connection between miscegenation, discrimination, inequality and violence, which progressively led to the Internal Conflict (1980-2000), the goriest and longest war in Peru’s republican history that resulted in the assassination of approximately 70 000 persons, most of them Quechua-speaking, ordinary civilians. Highlanders fleeing from terrorism during those two decades account for the depopulation of over 2/3 of the Andean region. This study is both relevant and pertinent because it intersects with contemporary debates about national identity formation, and because it provides a means to understand the aftermath of political violence, a phenomenon that periodically threatens the lives of Peruvians. My work contests the traditional thesis of racial and cultural miscegenation as the foundation of Peruvian national identity (the "melting pot" metaphor), which has proven to be ineffective. Instead, I propose a more inclusive identity concept that celebrates cultural diversity and accepts the coexistence of multiple ethnic and cultural groups within the confines of the nation.