abstract: Teacher learning is a complex and important idea, given the proposed centralized role these individuals have in eradicating the inequitable school outcomes for students of color. It is necessary that researchers document the complex trajectory of learning that occurs as teachers engage in critical reflection on their practice. In the current study, white, female teachers examined the ways their own beliefs, assumptions, and values impacted classroom interactions with students of color, as well as the ways power, privilege, and whiteness manifested in the classroom. Utilizing Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) as a framework for understanding teacher learning as product and process, as well as whiteness and feminist theories as interrogative tools, the complex and iterative learning trajectories of two elementary school teachers are described in detail. The participating teachers engaged in critical reflection in the context of collaborative interviews, in which they reflected upon excerpts from classroom videos using the lenses of whiteness, power, and privilege in order to consider their own and others' teaching related to deeply held beliefs, assumptions, and values. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2014

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo a reflexão sobre conceitos, relações e informações relevantes para a criação de uma ferramenta de auxílio um banco de dados dedicada à gestão de bens patrimoniais em rede. Para tanto, incorpora em seu escopo o cotidiano de trabalho no Centro de Gestão de Informação e Documentação do Acervo Artístico-Cultural dos Palácios do Governo do Estado de São Paulo. A proposta desse estudo é desenvolver um modelo de normatização no registro, tratamento e pesquisa em sistema de informação para a construção de ferramenta de auxílio na gestão de patrimônio artístico, cultural e histórico do Estado de São Paulo. A investigação situa-se em um campo interdisciplinar que envolve a Museologia, a História da Arte, a Ciência da Informação e a Administração. Como exercício prático, a pesquisa ora apresentada propõe um modelo de organização, fluxo e recuperação de dados que inclui: ficha de inventário; ficha de catalogação; fluxo de trabalho e instrumento de avaliação. / The present research aims at reflecting on concepts, relations and relevant information for creating an aiding tool - a database management system for patrimonial asset network. Therefore, in its scope it includes the daily work at the Information and Documentation Management Center of the Curatorship of the collections of the palaces of São Paulo State Government. The main purpose of this dissertation is to develop a regulatory model in registering, treating and researching an information system in order to build an aiding tool for managing the State of São Paulo artistic, cultural and historic heritage. Bearing this in mind, the course of this investigation is directed to interdisciplinary studies that encompass Museology, History of Arts, Information Sciences and Administration. As a practical exercise, the research shown here suggests a model of organization and recovery of data that includes: inventory card files, catalog card files, workflow, and evaluation tools.

Esta tese teve como objetivo compreender a formação de parcerias sociais entre empresas e ONGs para a construção de projetos de desenvolvimento social de cooperativas e associações no setor da reciclagem. Para tanto, foram investigados dois casos de parcerias entre ONGs e Empresas que buscaram desenvolver projetos para a melhoria das condições de trabalho dos recicladores. Devido à natureza conflitante destes atores, a parceria social foi entendida é entendida como uma rede de atividades interconectadas, construídas coletivamente, em um espaço de tensão e contradição. Essa construção coletiva é compreendida como uma elaboração conjunta de um projeto de desenvolvimento social, em que os parceiros discutem, aprendem e negociam sentidos e significados visando a construção de um coletivo. Este entendimento remete a utilização de uma abordagem que possibilite a compreensão das tensões e contradições imersas nas atividades dos atores e, neste sentido, a teoria da atividade histórico cultural foi utilizada como lente teórico metodológica, principalmente em sua articulação com o campo de estudos negócios e sociedade. Diante deste contexto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, por meio de dois estudos de caso. O primeiro caso refere-se ao projeto desenvolvido entre a ONG e a Gerdau, a partir do interesse da empresa em qualificar o seu fornecedor de sucata, bem como usar tal ação de qualificação como uma iniciativa de responsabilidade social em sua cadeia de suprimentos. Os principais mediadores deste processo foram o conhecimento da ONG, seus educadores sociais, o conhecimento gerencial da empresa, seus recursos financeiros, bem como artefatos de identificação. O segundo caso estudado relata o relacionamento ONG e Braskem. Este relacionamento emerge da necessidade da empresa em obter uma licença de operação na sociedade em que esta inserida. Assim a intenção da empresa é legitimar a sua presença e existência na sociedade e isto é realizado através do reforço da utilidade do seu produto. Os instrumentos que são utilizados na parceria buscam assim a melhoria da imagem do produto, bem como da sua imagem como uma empresa ―local‖: artefatos de identificação e discursivos. E tendo como norte esta necessidade latente, o diálogo entre empresa e ONGs se torna um dos principais mediadores do processo, bem como uma divisão do trabalho que reflita esta parceria e proximidade. Ainda, a fim de compreender a dinâmica subjacente ao processo de desenvolvimento destes projetos, este estudo lançou o olhar para os desafios de aprendizagem vivenciados pelos atores. No primeiro caso, foram evidenciados como desafios de aprendizagem (i) necessidade de mudança em direção a uma maior organização do trabalho (ii) ressignificação do trabalho e; (iii) necessidade de desenvolver um instrumento de trabalho que fosse condizente à realidade dos cooperados. Por outro lado, os desafios de aprendizagem relacionados ao segundo caso referem-se ao (i) relacionamento ONG-Empresa e na sua forma de operacionalização; (ii) escolha dos projetos devem ser apoiados, ou, em outras palavras, quais os stakeholders que irão ser considerados na comunidade. É importante notar que o fato dos desafios de aprendizagem e, consequentemente, das transformações obtidas mediante as consecução destes, terem residido, no Caso A, na cooperativa e, no Caso B, no relacionamento, reflete as características idiossincráticas destas organizações e o que ambas buscavam com a parceria. / How to construct fruitful relations with different stakeholders represents a challenge for organizations and a gap in the academic literature. One way to do this is through partnership establishment, especially in between companies and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO). Through partnerships, organizations could develop their own CSR‘s practices. On the other hand, NGOs could exercise their social role, in order to help community development. This study aims to understand how cross sectorial social partnerships for social development projects, whose purpose is to improve the working conditions and business structure of recycling warehouses, are constructed in the recycling sector, in the South Region of Brazil. In order to do so, two business-NGOs partnership cases were investigated. Given the actors contradictory nature, social partnerships were understood as a network of interconnected activity systems, in a social space of tension, contradiction and negotiation among actors in relation with each other and to the world, immersed in a historical and cultural context, from a culturally mediated relationship. The argument put forward is that the Cultural Historical Activity Theory can serve as a theoretical framework and provide a suitable model to analyse cross-sector social partnerships construction. Supported by the theoretical perspectives outlined above, we rely on a qualitative, descriptive research, by using a case study method. We carry on two case studies, in order to understand the projects development by a single NGO with two company leaders in each sector. The first case analyses Gerdau S.A. and its trajectory in the recycling sector. Gerdau S.A. seeks to engage with the NGO aiming to qualify recycling warehouses, as they are one of the suppliers, and to comply with their CSR agenda. The main artifacts used by the actors are NGO‘s knowledge and expertise, company managerial knowledge, and Identity Artifacts (company logo). The second case refers to NGO-Braskem relationship, which emerges from the company‘s need to get social license to operate in the region. So, the company intends to legitimate its existence in the society through gains in their product‘s image. Most of the artifacts are used by the actors to achieve this goal, such as Identity Artifacts (company and NGO logo), and Discursive Artifacts, in order to embody ―local identity‖ to the company. Given this context, the dialogue between Braskem and the NGO is one of these artifacts, as well as labor division, which reflects the relationship and proximity. In order to understand the dynamics that underlies the project construction, this study also investigated the learning challenges experienced by the NGO and the companies. The main learning challenges experienced by the partnership NGO-Gerdau are: (i) change through better work organization and structuration; (ii) work meaning ressignification; (iii) development of a work tool that fits to the warehouses reality. On the other hand, the learning challenges experienced by the partnership NGO-Braskem are: (i) the partnership between the actors and its operationalization; (ii) the choice between warehouses that will be supported, or, in other words, which stakeholders will be included in the community.

Submitted by MARCIA ROVADOSCHI (marciar@unifra.br) on 2018-08-20T16:50:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_CristinaAngonesiZborowski.pdf: 2309154 bytes, checksum: ce05ac54ea00be9c278840892d101d33 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T16:50:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_CristinaAngonesiZborowski.pdf: 2309154 bytes, checksum: ce05ac54ea00be9c278840892d101d33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-11 / The main objective is to verify the contribution of Didactic Engineering as methodology to teach on food chain content to students of early elementary school classes. The research is based on a qualitative approach with a methodological precepts of Didactic Engineering. The research was carried out at Escola Franciscana Sant'Anna in Santa Maria/RS, taking into consideration a population of 79 students varying from nine to eleven year old being oriented by Science teacher. The methodology follows the steps of Didactic Engineering, which are: a) previous analysis; b) a priori construction and analysis; c) application of the didactic sequence; and d) a posteriori analysis and validation. In the early stages analysis an interview was applied along the Science’s classes, a textbook was analyzed by the students and a hands-on activity was performed in a non-formal space. The didactic sequence was elaborated from previous analyzes composed by eight activities during October and November of 2016. These activities looked for the use of different strategies to promote the construction of food chain concept, besides the understanding of other concepts related to the matter such as: photosynthesis and food web. The comparison between a priori analyzes and a posteriori analyzes showed that the proposed sequence is valid to build up the concepts related to the research. Vygotsky's historical cultural theory was the theoretical reference of the developing of reflections based on concepts of mediation, process of formation and construction of spontaneous and scientific concepts, articulation between thoughts and language, and Proximal Development Zone (PDZ).The use of Didactic Engineering as a methodology has contributed to concept of food chain understanding since it provides great in-deep of the previous analyzes, besides the continuous evaluation of the proposed activities and the weighting of the difficulties or students attitudes front of the proposed activities, allowing the students to become more interested studying and reflecting on learning and development. / O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi verificar a contribuição da Engenharia Didática como metodologia para o ensino do conteúdo cadeias alimentares, nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, ancorada nos preceitos metodológicos da Engenharia Didática, foi realizada no Colégio Franciscano Sant’Anna, localizado na cidade de Santa Maria – RS com 79 alunos, com idade entre nove e onze anos, do quarto ano do ensino fundamental e a professora de Ciências das turmas. A metodologia utilizada seguiu as etapas previstas na Engenharia Didática, quais sejam: análises prévias, construção e análise a priori, aplicação da sequência didática, análise a posteriori e validação. Na etapa de análises prévias foram realizadas as seguintes atividades: entrevista com a professora de Ciências das turmas, análise do livro didático e uma atividade prática em um espaço não-formal. A sequência didática, elaborada a partir das análises prévias, foi composta por oito atividades realizadas no período de outubro e novembro de 2016. Essas atividades buscaram, a partir da utilização de diferentes estratégias, promover a construção do conceito de cadeia alimentar, além da compreensão de outros conceitos relacionados ao tema, como: fotossíntese e teia alimentar. O confronto entre as análises a priori e as análises a posteriori mostrou que a sequência proposta foi válida para a construção dos conceitos envolvidos na pesquisa. A teoria histórico cultural de Vygotsky foi o referencial teórico utilizado para o desenvolvimento das reflexões, baseadas nos conceitos de mediação, no processo de formação e na construção dos conceitos espontâneos e científicos, na articulação entre pensamento e linguagem e na Zona de Desenvolvimento Proximal (ZDP). A utilização da Engenharia Didática como metodologia contribuiu para a compreensão do conceito de cadeias alimentares, pois prevê maior profundidade nas análises prévias, além da avaliação contínua das atividades propostas e da ponderação das dificuldades ou atitudes dos alunos frente às atividades propostas, permitindo que os alunos se tornem mais interessados pelo estudo, aspectos que refletiram sobre a sua aprendizagem e o seu desenvolvimento.

Esta tese procura identificar o conceito de cérebro na obra de Vigotski, analisando como este conceito relaciona-se com os fundamentos da psicologia histórico-cultural. A partir disso, discute possíveis implicações desse conceito para a educação, face a um cenário educacional onde as relações entre neurociência e educação recebem atenção crescente de ambos os campos. Trata-se de um trabalho teórico, baseado na produção teórica de Vigotski realizada no período de 1924 a 1934, ano de sua morte. Entre as dezenas de obras conhecidas do psicólogo bielorrusso, foram selecionados e analisados vinte textos nos quais o tema cérebro é abordado de forma mais particularizada. A partir dessa análise, pôde-se concluir que as teorias de Vigotski sobre o cérebro estão intrinsecamente relacionadas com os fundamentos da psicologia histórico-cultural. A abordagem vigotskiana do cérebro se deu de forma densa e inovadora, considerando o que se conhece atualmente a partir das descobertas da neurociência. Entre estas ideias, pode-se destacar a constituição da consciência a partir da internalização da experiência social, o funcionamento cerebral através de sistemas funcionais em oposição à visão localizacionista, os sinais como conexões extra-cerebrais de origem cultural e a defesa do monismo psicofísico, entre outros, caracterizando uma abordagem materialista da psique que entende o cérebro como a base material da consciência. Destaca-se a importância de considerar como parte da fundamentação da obra vigotskiana sua concepção sobre o humano enquanto organismo, o que não implica necessariamente em uma visão reducionista pelo contrário, a fundamentação filosófica materialista e marxista de Vigotski o exige. No que se refere à educação, debate-se a importância de reconhecer que a relação com a neurociência não deve servir como uma roupagem atual para a medicalização e patologização das relações escolares, ousando-se propor que, se alguma contribuição pode ser feita pela neurociência à educação, que seja a favor da defesa da potencialidade para o aprendizado de todos os alunos e alunas. / This thesis covers the concept of brain in the work of Vygotsky, analyzing how this concept relates to the foundations of cultural-historical psychology. It also discusses the possible educational implications of this approach, taking into account an educational setting where relationships between neuroscience and education receive increased attention from both camps. It is a theoretical work, based on Vygotsky\'s production in the period 1924 to 1934, the year of his death. Among the dozens of known works of the Belarusian psychologist, were selected and analyzed twenty texts in which the brain is the topic addressed in a more particularized. From this analysis, we concluded that Vygotsky\'s theories on the brain are deeply related to the foundations of cultural-historical psychology. His approach to the brain occurred in a dense and innovative, even considering what is currently known from the discoveries of neuroscience. Among these ideas, we can highlight the creation of consciousness from the internalization of social experience, brain function through functional systems as opposed to localizing view, the signals as extra-cerebral connections of cultural and defense of psychophysical monism, among other, featuring a materialist approach that understands the psyche of the brain as the material basis of consciousness. We emphasize the importance of considering as part of the grounds of its design work on the Vygotskyan as human body, which does not necessarily imply a reductionist view - on the contrary, the philosophical foundation of Marxist materialism and Vygotsky demands. In relation to education, debate the importance of recognizing that the relationship with neuroscience should not serve as a guise for the current medicalization and pathologizing school, daring to propose that if a contribution can be made by neuroscience to education, that is in favor of the defense capability for the learning of all pupils and students.

Orientador: Ana Luíza Bustamante Smolka / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T14:31:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Brito_AnaPaulaSouza_M.pdf: 1234490 bytes, checksum: a5af30f301822c64bc9ae5a6540a075e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as possibilidades de desenvolvimento profissional docente a partir da (re)organização de algumas ações da Orientadora Pedagógica circunscritas no contexto escolar: planejamento, acompanhamento de atividades e Hora de Trabalho Pedagógico Coletivo. A proposta inicial estava relacionada à área da linguagem escrita, buscando compreender como os sujeitos, envolvidos num processo de estudo e análise, relacionam dialeticamente o conhecimento historicamente construído e a prática docente em sala de aula. A partir do modo de participação de cada um dos sujeitos nessa atividade de estudo e reflexão, foi possível verificar que a apropriação de alguns dos pressupostos (desencadeados pela reflexão sobre a prática, a partir da interlocução no grupo) oportunizou novas formas de atuação em sala de aula que não estavam restritas apenas à linguagem escrita. Assim, entende-se que para se analisar a prática docente há de se refletir sobre as concepções do professor sobre educação, aprendizagem e desenvolvimento. Assumindo a perspectiva Histórico-Cultural (Vigotski, Bakhtin, Clot) o processo desenvolvido foi analisado, compreendendo que a atuação profissional docente está relacionada às prescrições, ao contexto histórico, a constituição do sujeito e as condições efetivas de trabalho. Essa relação foi considerada para se pensar a produção de significados e sentidos relacionados ao trabalho docente no contexto de desenvolvimento da pesquisa. / Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the possibilities of teaching professional development from the (re) organization of some limited actions the pedagogical advisor in the school context: planning, monitoring activities and Pedagogical Collective Working Hour. The initial proposal was related to written language area, aiming to comprehend how the subjects involved in a process of study and analysis, relate dialectically the knowledge historically constructed and teaching practice in the classroom. From the participation way of each subject in this study and reflection, it was possible to verify that the appropriation of some assumptions (triggered by reflection on practice, from the dialogue in the group), provided new ways of performance in the classroom which were not restricted only to written language. Thus, it is understood that in order to analyze the teaching practice, it is needed to reflect on the teachers conceptions about education, learning and development. Assuming the historical-cultural perspective (Vygotsky, Bakhtin, Clot): the developed process was analyzed, understanding that the teaching professional performance is related to prescriptions, the historical context, the subject nature and the effective working conditions. This relation was considered to reflect about the production of meanings and sense related to teaching work in the context of research development. / Mestrado / Psicologia Educacional / Mestre em Educação

New research shows that adult participation in children’s play is beneficial for learning and development in early childhood. It is particularly socio-dramatic narrative play, in which children and adults co-construct the play events that is beneficial. Research also shows that teachers in the Swedish preschool tend not play with children. The Swedish Education Act and the Swedish Preschool Curriculum contain goals to strive for, specifically regarding play. Greater efforts and insight is needed to pave the way to increase the benefits for children through the use of play (Broström, 2017). The purpose of this study is to develop knowledge that contributes to understanding of the relationship between pretend play and children’s’ learning and development, as well as the development of preschool didactic and pedagogical activities based on this knowledge. To achieve this aim we drew on Cultural Historical Activity Theory to develop and conduct a case study at a municipal preschool. Data was gathered through observations of preschool children and staff in two units and through individual, semi-structured interviews with eight preschool teachers. We found that the preschool teachers rarely engaged fully in children’s play; however, when they did engage with the children in play, their involvement ranged from a slight involvement, to being a stage hand in the play, or being passively engaged in joint play with children. Our cultural-historical analyses revealed mediating activities that have an effect on if and how teachers engage in play with children. We conclude by arguing that teachers need more education about what type of adult child joint play that is beneficial and that the preschool directors have an important job to help manage the preschool teachers time and provide opportunities for them to reflect and document their work in such way that more time could be set apart for them to commit to being fully engaged with children in narrative pretend play.

Studies whose focus is finding solutions to practical IT implementation issues / problems such as slow systems uptake and meaningful work improvement are few. This thesis describes how IS practitioners from government and the private sector, together with users came together to redesign the current Botswana ISD work practice in order to address this shortcoming. The result has been the incorporation of activity-based learning and reflection in current ISD practice. The study adopted Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) as the framework of analysis as well as the associated Developmental Work Research (DWR) methodology as the research method. An expansive learning cycle was stimulated through change laboratory sessions with participants from government and industry. The general research question for the study is: ‘How should ISD as a systemic work activity be carried out to facilitate effective learning?’ The four sub-questions the thesis focuses on are: ‘(1) What constitutes Botswana’s ISD practice or how is ISD currently practiced in Botswana? (2) What are the users and developers learning and is the learning effective? (3) How can current practice be improved in order to facilitate effective learning? (4) What do users and IS professionals learn when collaborating in the review and redesign of ISD practice?’ The study was qualitative in nature and data collection was based on interviews, archival data, observations as well as data from change laboratory sessions. Data from the change laboratory sessions was video-taped and later transcribed for analysis. Though I used CHAT as the main theoretical tool for analysis of ISD and learning, I also used additional theoretical concepts on learning to assist with the analysis and redesign of new practice. These are concepts relating to two types of learning that are found in any setting or environment i.e. conscious / learning conscious learning and unconscious / task conscious learning as well as concepts relating to reflection-on action. Analysis of learning in current Botswana ISD practice shows that current learning is not effective because it does not provide the right balance between conscious and unconscious learning. Current learning tasks are predominantly geared towards unconscious learning. The solution to this practical learning problem, which constitutes improvement to practice, is the incorporation of activity-based learning and reflection through the introduction of learning evaluation checkpoints throughout the ISD process. Furthermore, during the collaborative redesign sessions it emerged that: 1) learning was collective and distributed agency and 2) learning was expansion of the object in multiple dimensions. The study makes both theoretical and practical contributions. The theoretical contribution is through the application of learning concepts such as the two types of learning (i.e. conscious and unconscious learning) and expansive learning to the review, analysis and redesign of ISD practice with the participation of representatives from government and the private sector. In terms of the practical contribution, a new Botswana ISD practice model that incorporates activity-based learning and reflection has been designed, and findings from examination of the model suggest that it has potential to address current learning deficiencies and thus contribute to efforts of avoiding IS failures. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Informatics / unrestricted

After excavations on Mapungubwe by the Department of Archaeology of the University of Pretoria. two definitive research reports emerged in 1979 and 1980. These reports placed the cultural historical framework for Mapungubwe on a firm foundation. superannuating earlier work that had been variously criticised as unsuitable for comparative purposes. The objectives of this research project were to excavate a related site in order to expand the avai I able comparative data and extend the spatial perspective of the Mapungubwe culture. To this end the site of Skutwater was selected. The material recovered from Skutwater was subjected to various analyses for defining the internal structure of Skutwater and generating comparative data. As far as possible quantitative data were used for comparisons. The relationship between Skutwater and Mapungubwe was interpreted within certain social. economic and political models and a definate relationship was found to exist. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 1987. / gm2014 / Anthropology and Archaeology / unrestricted

The aim of this study is to examine John Chrysostom’s views on slavery, specifically in his homilies on the Pauline Epistles and Hebrews. Roman slaveholding is approached as a complex habitus, and Chrysostom’s negotiation with and reimagination of this habitus is examined. The method of enquiry used is a cultural-historical analysis, and the theories of Michel Foucault and Pierre Bourdieu are extensively utilized. Moreover, based on the work of Jennifer Glancy, slavery is approached as a corporeal discourse – one focused on the slave as a body. The discursive formation of the slave-body is further deconstructed into four related corporeal discourses – namely the domesticity, heteronomy, carcerality and commodification of the slavebody. The study commences by revisiting and re-reading Hellenistic, early Roman, Judaistic, and early Christian sources on slaveholding from a cultural-historical perspective in order to reconstruct the main discursivities of the habitus of Roman slaveholding. Then, the first question asked is how Chrysostom understands the domesticity of the slave-body. Based on his exegesis of the haustafeln, it is concluded that Chrysostom negotiates and reimagines the discourse in three ways: a) he proposes a shift from strategic to tactical slaveholding; b) he formulates his theology, especially hamartiology and eschatology, on the Stoic-Philonic metaphor of domestic slavery; and, c) he advises that domestic slaves be reformed by being taught Christian virtue and trades. Secondly, Chrysostom accepts the heteronomy of all bodies, and hence uses slavery as a basis for his ethics. The body is either ruled by God or sin/passions, and the problem of institutional slavery is downplayed. Thirdly, Chrysostom affirms that slaves should remain in their carceral state and stay obedient to their masters, while masters ought to treat slaves justly since they are also slaves of God. Finally, Chrysostom sees slaves as both economic and symbolic capital, and the shift to tactical slaveholding supports his more general vision of promoting a popular asceticism in the city. Chrysostom does not simply accept, ameliorate or reject slaveholding – we rather see sophisticated discourses of negotiation and reimagination of slaveholding to fit in with his wider programme of social and ascetic reform among Christian households. / Thesis (DLitt)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Ancient Languages / unrestricted