Introduction: In January 2005, a nationwide mandatory bicycle helmet law for children under the age of 15 was introduced in Sweden. In the current study, the effect of this law was evaluated by analyzing national trends in hospital admissions due to bicycle-related head injuries during the period 1998-2011. Methods: An interrupted time-series design with segmented regression analysis was used to evaluate the intervention effect on head injuries as a percentage of all injuries (%HI) among cyclists in age- and sex-specific groups. Effect was measured as a change in level and/or slope of the trend at the time of legislation. Results: A total of 35261 cyclists (0-54 years) were hospitalized due to a bicycle injury during the study period. Linear regression analyses of the entire study period (not segmented) showed significant year-to-year decreases in the %HI of 1.3-1.7% in all age and sex-specific groups (p < .0001). Results from the segmented regression analysis showed that, at the time of legislation, a significant drop in level occurred among males under 15 years (-4.5% [95% CI: -7.7% to -1.3%], p = .01) and a significant change in slope occurred among females aged 30-54 years (-1.6% [95% CI: -2.9% to -0.2%], p = .025). Conclusions: The law seems to have had an effect on males in the target population (<15 years). Although no significant changes were observed among females in this group as an immediate result of the law, the difference in %HI between genders was minimal at the end of the study period due to the steeper general decline among females. / Inledning: I Sverige infördes en cykelhjälmslag för barn under 15 år den första januari 2005. Syftet med denna studie var att studera effekten av denna lag genom att analysera nationella trender i andelen huvudskador bland svenska cyklister under tidsperioden 1998-2011. Metod: Segmenterad regressionsanalys applicerades på tidsseriedata (interrupted time-series design) för att utvärdera om ett trendbrott när det gäller andelen cykelrelaterade huvudskador sammanföll med lagens införande i olika köns- och åldersspecifika grupper. Effekt mättes som en skillnad i regressionslinjens riktning och nivå. Resultat: Inom åldersgruppen 0-54 år vårdades totalt 35261 cyklister under studieperioden. Linjära regressionsanalyser (ej segmenterade) visade att mellan 1998-2011 minskade andelen huvudskador årligen minskade med 1,3–1,7 % i samtliga studerade köns- och åldersspecifika grupper. Den segmenterade regressionsanalysen visade att samtidigt som cykelhjälmslagen infördes skedde en signifikant skillnad i regressionslinjens nivå bland pojkar under 15 år (-4,5 % [95 % CI: -7,7 % till -1,3 %], p = 0,01) och en signifikant skillnad i regressionslinjens riktning bland kvinnor i åldersgruppen 30-54 år (-1,6 % [95 % CI: -2,9 % till -0,2 %], p = 0,025). Slutsats: Den svenska cykelhjälmslagen verkar ha haft en betydande inverkan på trenden i cykelrelaterade huvudskador bland pojkar under 15 år. Även om något liknande fenomen inte framstod bland flickor i interventionsgruppen bör det noteras att skillnaden i andelen huvudskador mellan könen i slutet av studieperioden var minimal.

The diploma thesis deals with treatment of project documentation of the corridor for pedestrians and bicyclists on road Blansko ČKD – Nový Hrad. It is a common two-way pedestrian and bicycle trail along the Svitava River and railway line No. 260 Brno - Česká Třebová and the regional road II / 379. Part of the design will be any footbridges across the Svitava River and other construction solutions to overcome difficult terrain in the problematic section. Part of the diploma thesis is the concept of a variant directional solution of the route and justification of the selection of a more detailed variant.

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This work analyzes the possibility of using financial resources from European Union{\crq}s funds for benefit of tourism development in Ústí nad Labem region and the range of their present application. It evaluates, according to shortened programme period, the role of district authorities and chosen municipalities as applicants for grants and supporters to other applicants. Attention is also paid to relationships between municipalities and tourist information centers, which are important subject in the process of passing information to tourists and visitors.

Syftet med projektet var att ta fram en ny cykelbelysning för att höja cyklisters säkerhet och förenkla trafikregler samt utförandet av signalering. Genom en nulägesanalys av befintliga produkter, elektronikkomponenter och slutanvändarnas uttalanden kunde kundbehov tas fram. Därefter rangordnades kundbehoven och en funktionslista tillsammans med en produktspecifikation kunde verkställas. Med dem som grund utfördes en idégenerering med flera olika lösningskoncept där ett val gjordes baserat på en Kesselringmatris. Det vinnande konceptet var ett par pedaler med integrerad belysning. Genom en accelerometer fungerar pedalen som en bromslykta och med hjälp av en extern kontroll kan körriktningsvisare sättas igång som projiceras på marken. Elektriciteten som behövs till pedalernas belysning genereras när cyklisten roterar pedalaxeln via en generator. Som slutsats uppfylldes projektets mål men mer arbete behöver göras kring projektets avgränsningar för en färdig produkt. / The purpose of the project was to develop a new bicycle light in order to improve cyclists’ safety and to make it easier for them to follow traffic regulations. Using a status analysis of existing products, electronics and the end users statements the customer needs could be documented. Then the needs were ranked and a function list together with a product specification was produced. With them as a base the brainstorming could begin where multiple concept solutions were made and one of them chosen as a winner through a Kesselring matrix. The winning concept was a pair of pedals with integrated lighting. With the help of an accelerometer the pedal worked as a brake light and with an external control system turn signals could be turned on and were projected on the ground. The electricity needed for the pedals light system is generated when the user rotates the pedal axis with the help of a generator. As a conclusion all the project goals were fulfilled but more work needs to be done regarding the projects limitations for a complete production ready product.