Modern semiconductor manufacturing is a complex process with a multitude of software applications. This application landscape has to be constantly monitored, since the communication and access patterns provide important insights. Because of the high event rates of the equipment log data stream in modern factories, big-data tools are required for scalable state and history analytics. The choice of suitable big-data solutions and their technical realization remains a challenging task. This thesis compares big-data architectures and discovers solutions for log-data ingest, enrichment, analytics and visualization. Based on the use cases and requirements of developers working in this field, a comparison of a custom assembled stack and a complete solution is made. Since the complete stack is a preferable solution, Datadog, Grafana Loki and the Elastic 8 Stack are selected for a more detailed study. These three systems are implemented and compared based on the requirements. All three systems are well suited for big-data logging and fulfill most of the requirements, but show different capabilities when implemented and used.:1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Structure 2 Fundamentals and Prerequisites 2.1 Logging 2.1.1 Log level 2.1.2 CSFW log 2.1.3 SECS log 2.2 Existing system and data 2.2.1 Production process 2.2.2 Log data in numbers 2.3 Requirements 2.3.1 Functional requirements 2.3.2 System requirements 2.3.3 Quality requirements 2.4 Use Cases 2.4.1 Finding specific communication sequence 2.4.2 Watching system changes 2.4.3 Comparison with expected production path 2.4.4 Enrichment with metadata 2.4.5 Decoupled log analysis 3 State of the Art and Potential Software Stacks 3.1 State of the art software stacks 3.1.1 IoT flow monitoring system 3.1.2 Big-Data IoT monitoring system 3.1.3 IoT Cloud Computing Stack 3.1.4 Big-Data Logging Architecture 3.1.5 IoT Energy Conservation System 3.1.6 Similarities of the architectures 3.2 Selection of software stack 3.2.1 Components for one layer 3.2.2 Software solutions for the stack 4 Analysis and Implementation 4.1 Full stack vs. a custom assembled stack 4.1.1 Drawbacks of a custom assembled stack 4.1.2 Advantages of a complete solution 4.1.3 Exclusion of a custom assembled stack 4.2 Selection of full stack solutions 4.2.1 Elastic vs. Amazon 4.2.2 Comparison of Cloud-Only-Solutions 4.2.3 Comparison of On-Premise-Solutions 4.3 Implementation of selected solutions 4.3.1 Datadog 4.3.2 Grafana Loki Stack 4.3.3 Elastic 8 Stack 5 Comparison 5.1 Comparison of components 5.1.1 Collection 5.1.2 Analysis 5.1.3 Visualization 5.2 Comparison of requirements 5.2.1 Functional requirements 5.2.2 System requirements 5.2.3 Quality requirements 5.3 Results 6 Conclusion and Future Work 6.1 Conclusion 6.2 Future Work / Die moderne Halbleiterfertigung ist ein komplexer Prozess mit einer Vielzahl von Softwareanwendungen. Diese Anwendungslandschaft muss ständig überwacht werden, da die Kommunikations- und Zugriffsmuster wichtige Erkenntnisse liefern. Aufgrund der hohen Ereignisraten des Logdatenstroms der Maschinen in modernen Fabriken werden Big-Data-Tools für skalierbare Zustands- und Verlaufsanalysen benötigt. Die Auswahl geeigneter Big-Data-Lösungen und deren technische Umsetzung ist eine anspruchsvolle Aufgabe. Diese Arbeit vergleicht Big-Data-Architekturen und untersucht Lösungen für das Sammeln, Anreicherung, Analyse und Visualisierung von Log-Daten. Basierend auf den Use Cases und den Anforderungen von Entwicklern, die in diesem Bereich arbeiten, wird ein Vergleich zwischen einem individuell zusammengestellten Stack und einer Komplettlösung vorgenommen. Da die Komplettlösung vorteilhafter ist, werden Datadog, Grafana Loki und der Elastic 8 Stack für eine genauere Untersuchung ausgewählt. Diese drei Systeme werden auf der Grundlage der Anforderungen implementiert und verglichen. Alle drei Systeme eignen sich gut für Big-Data-Logging und erfüllen die meisten Anforderungen, zeigen aber unterschiedliche Fähigkeiten bei der Implementierung und Nutzung.:1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Structure 2 Fundamentals and Prerequisites 2.1 Logging 2.1.1 Log level 2.1.2 CSFW log 2.1.3 SECS log 2.2 Existing system and data 2.2.1 Production process 2.2.2 Log data in numbers 2.3 Requirements 2.3.1 Functional requirements 2.3.2 System requirements 2.3.3 Quality requirements 2.4 Use Cases 2.4.1 Finding specific communication sequence 2.4.2 Watching system changes 2.4.3 Comparison with expected production path 2.4.4 Enrichment with metadata 2.4.5 Decoupled log analysis 3 State of the Art and Potential Software Stacks 3.1 State of the art software stacks 3.1.1 IoT flow monitoring system 3.1.2 Big-Data IoT monitoring system 3.1.3 IoT Cloud Computing Stack 3.1.4 Big-Data Logging Architecture 3.1.5 IoT Energy Conservation System 3.1.6 Similarities of the architectures 3.2 Selection of software stack 3.2.1 Components for one layer 3.2.2 Software solutions for the stack 4 Analysis and Implementation 4.1 Full stack vs. a custom assembled stack 4.1.1 Drawbacks of a custom assembled stack 4.1.2 Advantages of a complete solution 4.1.3 Exclusion of a custom assembled stack 4.2 Selection of full stack solutions 4.2.1 Elastic vs. Amazon 4.2.2 Comparison of Cloud-Only-Solutions 4.2.3 Comparison of On-Premise-Solutions 4.3 Implementation of selected solutions 4.3.1 Datadog 4.3.2 Grafana Loki Stack 4.3.3 Elastic 8 Stack 5 Comparison 5.1 Comparison of components 5.1.1 Collection 5.1.2 Analysis 5.1.3 Visualization 5.2 Comparison of requirements 5.2.1 Functional requirements 5.2.2 System requirements 5.2.3 Quality requirements 5.3 Results 6 Conclusion and Future Work 6.1 Conclusion 6.2 Future Work

This thesis describes the development of a series of codes for trim and longitudinal stability analysis of a helicopter in forward flight. In general, particular use of these codes can be made for parametric investigation of the effects of the external and internal systems integrated to UH-60 helicopters. However, in this thesis the trim analysis results are obtained for a clean UH-60 configuration and the results are compared with the flight test data that were acquired by ASELSAN, Inc. The first of the developed trim codes, called TRIM-CF, is based on closedform equations which give the opportunity of having quick results. The second code stems from the trim code of Prouty. That code is modified and improved during the course of this study based on the theories outlined in [3], and the resultant code is named TRIM-BE. These two trim codes are verified by solving the trim conditions of the example helicopter of [3]. Since it is simpler and requires fewer input parameters, it is more often more convenient to use the TRIM-CF code. This code is also verified by analyzing the Bo105 helicopter with the specifications given in [2]. The results are compared with the Helisim results and flight test data given in this reference. The trim analysis results of UH-60 helicopter are obtained by the TRIM-CF code and compared with flight test data. A forward flight longitudinal dynamic stability code, called DYNA-STAB, is also developed in the thesis. This code also uses the methods presented in [3]. It solves the longitudinal part of the whole coupled matrix of equations of motion of a helicopter in forward flight. The coupling is eliminated by linearization. The trim analysis results are used as inputs to the dynamic stability code and the dynamic stability characteristics of a forward flight trim case of the example helicopter [3] are analyzed. The forward flight stability code is applied to UH-60 helicopter. The codes are easily applicable to a helicopter equipped with external stores. The application procedures are also explained in this thesis.

This thesis deals with DCS for bulding control. The main aim was to develop a general system, which can be adapted according to the individual requirements and which should minimize costs too. Hardware modules, communication bus, communication protocol, system topology and regulation mechanisms, have been designed. Regulators have been set. There are introduced current realization and possible future extensions too. The high security and the high functionality topics are included.

With the development of autonomous vehicles, more and more technology is introduced into the automotive industry. Ethernet has found its way into the vehicle network, and it is forced to coexist with the well-established CAN bus. In terms of data acquisition, the presence of a mixed network brings challenges with significant changes in network architecture. This thesis explores CAN-Ethernet gateways as a replacement for the PCIe bus CAN transceivers utilized in today's logging systems, with the purpose to improve the adaptability of the autonomous logging system. A CAN-Ethernet gateway was implemented using Kvaser's DIN Rail SE400S-X10in an experimental comparison against the PCIe logging solution, including both classical CAN and CAN FD communication. In addition, a case study on the benefits and drawbacks with implementing an Ethernet architecture was performed, utilizing semi-structured interviews. It was concluded that a CAN-Ethernet gateway provides a robust solution in relation to data loss. Throughout the tests, the message loss rate was 0% for both logging solutions. However, CAN-Ethernetlogging introduced additional delay into the system. For the tests on a truck simulation rig the mean additional delay from a CAN-Ethernet gateway, compared to the existing PCIe-CAN logging, was 2 ms. Moreover, some spikes occurred and in a number of cases it could be up to 6 ms in additional delay compared to the existing PCIe logging. It was also proven difficult to time synchronize the gateway with the autonomous logging system, and unknown delays had an impact. Relevant metrics were obtained from relative measurements of side-by-side logging between the PCIe and CAN-Ethernet communication. The standard deviation and fluctuation of the delay were relevant metrics, since smaller fluctuations made the delay more predictable and real-time compatible. A CAN-Ethernet deployment may create a more complex architecture in general, and as of now has limitations for real-time systems. On the other hand, it may offer significant possibilities in future development of a more adaptable and scalable logging system. / Med utvecklingen av autonoma fordon har mer och mer teknologi introducerats inom fordonsindustrin. Ethernet har funnit sin väg in i fordonsnätverket och tvingas existera sida vid sida med den väletablerade CAN-bussen. För dataloggning orsakar närvaron av ett blandat nätverk (med både CAN och Ethernet) utmaningar i samband med stora förändringar inom nätverksarkitektur. Det här examensarbetet utforskar nätslussar för CAN-Ethernet som en ersättare till PCIe-bussens CAN-sändtagare som används i dagens loggningssystem. En CAN-Ethernet-nätsluss implementerades genom att använda Kvasers DIN Rail SE400S-X10 i en experimentell jämförelse med PCIe-loggningssystemet, och inkluderade både klassisk CAN samt CAN FD kommunikation. I tillägg gjordes en fallstudie om fördelar och nackdelar med att implementera en Ethernet-arkitektur,vilken grundades på semi-strukturerade intervjuer. Slutsatsen var att CAN-Ethernet-nätslussar tillhandahåller en robust lösning i förhållande till dataförlust. Under alla testerna var meddelandeförlusten 0% hos båda loggningsmetoderna. Däremot introducerade CAN-Ethernet-loggning en ökad fördröjning till systemet. För testerna på lastbilsriggsimulatorn var fördröjningen 2 ms jämfört med PCIe-CAN-loggningen. Dessutom förekom spikar i fördröjningen och i vissa fall resulterade fördröjningen i upp mot 6 ms, jämfört mot den befintliga PCIe-loggningen. Det visade sig även vara svårt att tidssynkronisera nätslussen med det autonoma loggningssystemet och okända fördröjningar hade en inverkan. Relevanta mått erhölls från relativa mätningar av jämsides loggning mellan PCIe och CAN-Ethernet kommunikation. Standardavvikelsen och fluktuation av fördröjningen var relevanta mått eftersom mindre fluktuationer resulterade i en mer förutsägbar samt realtidskompatibel fördröjning. Användningen av CAN-Ethernet kan, i allmänhet, resultera i en mer avancerad arkitektur och har i dagsläget begränsningar inom realtidssystem. Å andra sidan kan CAN-Ethernet erbjuda markanta möjligheter inom framtida utveckling av ett mer modulärt och skalbart loggningssystem.

This Master thesis deals with the design and construction of a measuring device for measuring and the current consumption logging of sensors using LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology. The theoretical part of the thesis firstly summarizes selected LPWAN technologies. Selected technologies, namely: LoRaWAN, Sigfox and Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), are described more in detail. Further, the current measurement techniques are briefly discussed. The main focus is given to the current shunt measuring methods. The second half of thesis describes procedures conducted during the design and construction of a measuring device. The current measuring is based on the current shunt circuit complemented by the voltage amplification circuit, whose output is subsquently converted into digital form using an AD converter. The thesis describes in great detail the procedures for selecting individual components and important processes used in design of printed circuit boards. An integral part of the measuring device implementation is the design and implementation of control software, which is described in detail and supplemented by workflow charts underlining the entire description. The implementation of the entire measuring device is completed by the design and implementation of the cover box using 3D printing technology. Finally, the specifications of designed device are briefly discussed based on the limits of the used components.