Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:42:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angelica Szeremeta.pdf: 1554648 bytes, checksum: 595371c320d4c4140c5abe62e21dab3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research refers to a characterization of representations about death that are in the obituaries of the Ukrainian newspaper Pracia. To begin a discussion, was made a contextualized history on socioeconomic issues and a Ukrainian immigration in Brazil, in the state of Paraná, and in Prudentópolis city - PR. For this purpose, the researchers Batista and Martins (2013), Boruszenko (1969), Burko (1963), Menezes (2009), Oliveira (2013), Matilde (2006), Priori (2012), among others. (2010), as well as some studies on this kind of newspaper, based on the works of researchers Conde (2000), Park (2008) and Szeremeta (2014). The newspaper Pracia is a centenary newspaper made in Prudentópolis-PR, and has as employees the descendants of Ukrainians living in the city.In the care of two priests, the newspaper has a fortnightly circulation (2,700 copies), sent by mail to subscribers in several cities in Brazil, with the largest number of readers present in Paraná and Santa Catarina states. For a study of this research, we have found 245 obituaries, published between the years 2001 and 2014. This text was revised for publications in Portuguese, which were incorporated from the year 2001; In view of whole situation, the newspaper was only published in the Ukrainian language since 1911. To organize and systematize the material, was used methodological resources of the Documentary Research (PIMENTEL, 2001; SÁ-SILVA, ALMEIDA e GUINDANI; 2009) and Content Analysis (BARDIN, 1976). The theoretical contribution of this research to understand the process of representation was based on the theory of Social Representations, based on the concepts of anchoring and objectification, by Serge Moscovici (2013). To support this analysis, the theoretical contributions on the studies of social memory, by Celso Pereira de Sá (2015) and also, different visions and understandings about death, were used to provide theoretical background. Among the authors, we can mention Da Matta (1997), Vilar (2001), Elias (2001), Franco, (2007), Combinato and Queiroz, 2011), Atanásio (2010), Patriarca e Lima 2014, Tenchena (2010), Guérios (2007), Costa (2012), Corso and Martenovetko (2011). The data resulting from the analysis showed that death is represented as a divine call to a new life, obtained from merit in fulfilling the earthly mission, that each individual is assigned. The final analyzes also point, theoretically-comparative, the understanding about death from the representation obtained with theoretical conceptions about the phenomenon in contemporary societies. / Esta pesquisa se propõe a caracterizar as representações sobre a morte que estão presentes nos obituários do jornal ucraniano Pracia. Para iniciar a discussão, este estudo apresenta uma contextualização histórica sobre questões socioeconômicas da imigração ucraniana no Brasil, no estado do Paraná e em Prudentópolis-`PR, respectivamente. Para tal finalidade, a pesquisa utilizou-se dos(as) autores(as) Andreazza (1996), Batista e Martins (2013), Boruszenko (1969),Burko (1963), Menezes (2009), Oliveira (2013), Priori (2012), entre outros. Este trabalho também apresenta o jornal Pracia, enquanto veículo de ‘mídia imigrante’, conceito trabalho por Cintra (2010), além de pontuar alguns estudos sobre este tipo de jornal, a partir dos trabalhos de Conde (2000), Park (2008) e Szeremeta (2014). O periódico Pracia é um jornal centenário confeccionado em Prudentópolis-PR, e tem como funcionários descendentes de ucranianos residentes na cidade. Aos cuidados de dois padres, o jornal tem circulação quinzenal (2.700 exemplares), enviado via correio para seus assinantes de diversas cidades do Brasil, com maior número de leitores presentes nos estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina. Para a realização desta pesquisa, foram coletados 245 obituários, publicados entre os anos de 2001 a 2014. Esse recorte temporal se justifica pelo acesso às publicações em língua portuguesa, que foram incorporadas a partir do ano de 2001, visto que o jornal foi editado somente em língua ucraniana, desde 1911. Para organizar e sistematizar o material, foram usados recursos metodológicos da Pesquisa Documental (PIMENTEL, 2001; SÁ-SILVA, ALMEIDA e GUINDANI, 2009) e Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 1976). O aporte teórico utilizado nesta pesquisa para compreender o processo de representação teve como base a grande teoria das Representações Sociais, a partir dos conceitos da ancoragem e objetivação, de Serge Moscovici (2013). Para auxiliar a referida análise, foram utilizadas as contribuições teóricas sobre os estudos de memória social, de Celso Pereira de Sá (2015) e também, diferentes visões e entendimentos sobre a morte, para fornecer embasamento teórico, além de contextualizar a temática. Dentre os autores utilizados, podemos citar Da Matta (1997), Vilar (2001), Elias (2001),Franco, (2007), Combinato e Queiroz, 2011), Atanásio (2010), Patriarca e Lima (2015), Roush, 2014, Tenchena (2010), Guérios (2007), Costa (2012), Corso e Martenovetko (2011). Os dados resultantes da análise apresentaram que a morte é representada como um chamado divino para uma nova vida, obtida a partir do merecimento no cumprimento das premissas e respeito aos dogmas da religião católica, contexto em que estão inseridos os sujeitos desta pesquisa. As análises finais também pontuam, de forma teórico-comparativa, o entendimento sobre morte a partir da representação obtida com concepções teóricas sobre fenômeno nas sociedades contemporâneas.

Showing grief and loss over deceased musicians is something people have been doing on forums and online webshrines since home computers and the internet became part of our daily lives. Studies of this phenomenon have shown that grievers did so as a process of being in a state of disenfranchised grief, meaning that their grief wasn’t seen as legitimate or genuine, since they didn’t have a personal relationship with the deceased musician. Grief on the internet as an unidentifiable avatar on forums and shrines was a possibility many took hold of. Since the entrance of social media however, this notion of keeping grief over famous musicians (or other celebrities) private have changed. Whenever a famous person dies it is hard to miss Facebook statuses and comments written in sorrow and grief. This essay studies grief ridden comments on three different deceased musicians official Facebook profiles, how they are written, how personal they are, and how they relate to the musician. The essay also gets into a discussion how other users in grief effects the expressions of grief and how the medium and infrastructure of Facebook itself is contributing to the expressions.

This thesis looks at occurrences of "living death" – a liminal state that exists between life and death, and which may be approached from either side – in early modern English drama. Today, reference to the living dead brings to mind zombies and their ilk, creatures which entered the English language and imagination centuries after the time of the great early modern playwrights. Yet, I argue, many post-Reformation writers were imagining states between life and death in ways more complex than existing critical discussions of “ghosts” have tended to perceive. My approach to the subject is broadly historicist, but informed throughout by ideas of stagecraft and performance. In addition to presenting fresh interpretations of well-known plays such as Thomas Middleton’s The Maiden’s Tragedy (1611) and John Webster’s The White Devil (1612), I also endeavour to shed new light on various non-canon works such as the anonymous The Tragedy of Locrine (c.1591), John Marston's Antonio's Revenge (c.1602), and Anthony Munday's mayoral pageants Chruso-thriambos (1611) and Chrysanaleia (1616), works which have received little in the way of serious scholarly attention or, in the case of Antonio's Revenge, been much maligned by critics. These dramatic works depict a whole host of the living dead, including not only ghosts and spirits but also resurrected Lord Mayors, corpses which continue to “perform” after death, and characters who anticipate their deaths or define themselves through last dying speeches. By exploring the significance of these characters, I demonstrate that the concept of living death is vital to our understanding of deeper thematic and symbolic meanings in a wide range of dramatic works.

The dead have a lot to say, but in the fast-paced context of ultra-capitalist societies, who has the time to listen? If social sciences and societies have depicted death in the West as denied, the dying as abandoned and the dead as forgotten, then how do we reconcile this dark portrait with the importance of The End in the stories of our lives? One cannot help but wonder: what kind of relationships do westerners truly foster with death? This study proposes a new reading of the practices and beliefs surrounding death in contemporary western societies by questioning the pessimistic death theories of the 20th century. The investigation raises two concerns, namely the possibility of an increased sense of loneliness among the dead and the dying, and the effects of technology and consumer lifestyles on alienating the aging and dying from the living. Drawing on Gramscian and Foucauldian theory on the concept of hegemony, the study combines historical and ethnographic data related to the domination of institutions and industries over death in the urbanized societies of Canada, France, the United States and England. To uncover the deeper hegemonic processes that shape the experience of death in the 21st century, the study goes back in time and retraces the changes that have occurred around death under different regimes. From the Early Middle Ages to the late capitalist era, the reader is brought on a journey across the changing landscape of death by means of 70 annotated illustrations which invite us to reflect on a central question, namely, what makes death a grave affair? Beginning with a sociohistorical analysis of the rise of individualism as linked to the disenchantment of death in the West, followed by an experiential ethnography of silence in one of North America’s largest sepulchral space—Montreal’s Mount Royal and Notre-Dame-des-Neiges cemeteries, the journey ends with an investigation of the affairs related to the commodification of death and aging in North America. The results of the study show that the possibilities of loneliness among the dead and the dying are not more significant today than they were in the past. The current landscape of death rather attests to an abundance of intentions which seek to highlight the importance of caring for and commemorating loved ones. What this finding reveals, is that western societies harbour misconceptions that undermine the complexity, richness and continuity of the bonds which keep the living and the dead engaged in a meaningful relationship that, we shall see, affords more possibilities than ends. / Les morts ont sans doute beaucoup à dire, mais dans le contexte effréné des sociétés ultracapitalistes, qui donc a le temps de les écouter ? Si, de prime abord, sciences sociales et sociétés dépeignent la mort en Occident contemporain comme étant niée, les défunts oubliés et les mourants délaissés, ce piètre portrait ne reflète pourtant pas l’importance que l’on attribue généralement à toute fin. À cet égard, nous serions en droit de nous demander ce qu’il en est vraiment de la relation des Occidentaux à ce destin inéluctable. Cette étude propose une nouvelle lecture des pratiques et perspectives entourant la mort dans les sociétés occidentales contemporaines en remettant en cause les théories pessimistes de la mort issues du 20e siècle. Deux enjeux sont soulevés, le premier concerne la possibilité d’une solitude accrue chez les morts et les mourants ; et le deuxième vise à comprendre si et comment diverses forces individualisantes du capitalisme — telles que la technologie ou la surconsommation — auraient contribuées à les isoler du vivant. Avec l’éclairage qu’apportent Gramsci et Foucault sur la notion d’hégémonie, la recherche met en dialogue diverses données ethnographiques et historiques relatives à la domination des industries et des institutions de la mort dans les sociétés urbanisées du Canada, de la France, des États-Unis et de l’Angleterre. Afin de comprendre les dynamiques qui sous-tendent l’expérience de la mort au 21e siècle, l’étude remonte dans le temps et retrace les changements qui se sont produits autour de la Grande faucheuse sous différents régimes. Du christianisme médiéval jusqu’à l’ère capitaliste, le lecteur est invité à parcourir 70 illustrations annotées — voyage qui l’incite à se pencher sur une question principale, à savoir, qu’est-ce qui fait de la mort une grave affaire ? Débutant par une analyse sociohistorique sur la montée de l’individualisme en Occident comme étant liée à un désenchantement envers la mort, suivie d’une ethnographie expérientielle du silence dans l’un des plus grands sites funéraires d’Amérique du Nord — les cimetières Mont-Royal et Notre-Dame-des-Neiges de Montréal, le parcours se termine par une enquête sur la marchandisation du vieillissement et de la mort en Amérique du Nord. Les résultats de l’étude révèlent que la solitude des morts et des mourants n’est pas plus grande aujourd’hui que dans le passé. Qui plus est, le paysage actuel de la fin de vie atteste d’un foisonnement d’intentionnalités qui visent à souligner l’importance de prendre soin des êtres chers et de les commémorer. L’approche anthropologique de ce mémoire démontre que les sociétés occidentales entretiennent des préjugés qui masquent la complexité, la richesse et la continuité des liens que tisse l’imaginaire entre morts et vivants — une co-construction qui, on le verra, ouvre plus de possibilités qu’elle ne scelle de fins.