L’interprétation musicale sur les instruments à cordes frottées dans un corpus de presse est un discours abscons, dont les caractéristiques pragmatiques, énonciatives et sémantiques sont d’importants facteurs de complexité : l’absence de polémique de ce discours épidictique, le renforcement de l’éthos oratoire, son caractère polyphonique, sa complexité sémantique ainsi que l’emploi d’éléments doxiques et de stratégies de transfert entre types de savoirs en rendent la réception difficile. L’orientation argumentative des périodes descriptives témoigne de cette complexité : abondance des opérations de qualification et d’assimilation, multiplicité des adjectifs subjectifs et des formes négatives … Tout concourt à rendre ce discours peu accessible. Les nombreuses séries énumératives, riches en figures de style, en effets de symétrie / asymétrie et en jeux de sens renforcent enfin les difficultés de compréhension d’un lecteur impressionné qui ne peut finalement qu’applaudir. / The discourse related to musical interpretation on string instruments in a corpus of newspaper articles is complex, mainly because of its pragmatic, enunciation-related and semantic features. The complete lack of polemics, the important role of the discursive ethos, the polyphonic features and semantic complexity, as well as the use of numerous stereotypes all contribute to making this epideictic discourse difficult to understand. The argumentative orientation of descriptive sequences provide us with another aspect of this complexity: the numerous operations of qualification and assimilation, the use of many subjective adjectives and negative structures, multiple enumerations – full of rhetorical figures, symmetry, asymmetry and semantic games - all contribute to further increase the comprehension difficulty of the text and impress the reader.

Chaque jour, nos comportements sont influencés par les normes sociales qui nous entourent. En agissant selon les normes sociales, l’individu agit en conformité avec les comportements les plus consensuels et ainsi reçoit de l’approbation de son groupe. Malgré le fait que les normes sociales sont au coeur de nombreuses recherches, les processus cognitifs qui mènent un individu à agir selon elles sont encore inconnus. Les processus cognitifs expliquant le comportement sont, par ailleurs, expliqués dans la littérature sur les comportements motivés par l’atteinte de buts qui stipule que les stratégies cognitives seraient nécessaires afin d’émettre un comportement. Dans ce travail, nous proposons que les stratégies soient les processus cognitifs qui mènent un individu à agir selon une norme sociale. Deux études ont été menées et les résultats de ces deux études démontrent que les individus agissent selon une norme sociale parce qu’ils peuvent générer les stratégies nécessaires pour y arriver. Les implications théoriques et méthodologiques sont discutées. / Each day our behaviours are influenced by the social norms that surround us. When behaving according to social norms, the individual acts in accordance with the most consensual behaviours and thus receives approval from his/her group members. Notwithstanding the fact that social norms are at the centre of much research, the cognitive processes that lead an individual to act according to them are still unknown. However, the cognitive processes explaining behaviour are present in the literature on goal directed behaviour which states that cognitive strategies are needed achieve a behaviour. In this paper, we propose that strategies are the cognitive processes that lead an individual to act in accordance with a social norm. Two studies were conducted and the results of both studies show that individuals act according to social norms because they can generate the necessary strategies to reach the normative behaviour. The theoretical and methodological implications are discussed.

A Study on the Establishment of Police Work Indicator in Kaohsiung Abstract Social security is the public issue that enjoys the greatest concerns from the civil public. This study attempts to establish a set of indicators based on current situation of police patrol work and commitment in Kaohsiung, in the method of social science indicator establishment to objectively and adequately evaluate Kaohsiung police work efficiency. This essay surveys the issues concerning police work indicators referring to bibliographies of the idea of police, the procedure of patrol duty development, patrol¡¦s effectiveness on crime deterrence, type of crime and criminal indicator in Kaohsiung City. In the first part herein, the frequency of stopping, listening, and seeing while performing patrol duty by police officers serve in the eight police stations governed by Kaohsiung County Police Bureau Fengshan Police Precinct was investigated and ¡§Patrol Duty Indicator¡¨ was established accordingly. And in the second part, citizens attained the age of twenty having household registration set in Kaohsiung City were interviewed through telephone about the seriousness of different crimes on social security to have ¡§Criminal Indicator¡¨ produced. At last, the said two indicators were combined to form the Police Work Indicator. As for statistic analysis, SPSS for windows (8.0) was adopted to perform data organization and statistics. Additionally, Descriptives, Crosstabs, and £q2,Chi-square 2,Chi-square test ,test of independence were implemented to describe the condition and then make statistics of all indicators. From Patrol Duty Indicator, it¡¦s found that the efficiency of patrol duty is determined by the ¡§Unit Personnel Number¡¨ and ¡§Age of Policemen.¡¨ While assigning patrol duties, the police work agency shall take the two principal factors into consideration more carefully to have patrol duties fulfilled. In the respect of criminal indicator, it is concluded from individual comparison that the general public considers it¡¦s good regarding overall criminal indicator, and it is improved slightly concerning criminal indicator of violence. However, it¡¦s slightly worsened in relation to the criminal indicator of theft and drug addicts. The police work agency may observe changes in indicators and modify the measurements moderately. Key Words: Social Science Indicator, Descriptives, Criminal Indicator, Hot Spot Planning, Type of Crime, Patrol Duty Indicator, Variance Analysis, Correlation Analysis

Chaque jour, nos comportements sont influencés par les normes sociales qui nous entourent. En agissant selon les normes sociales, l’individu agit en conformité avec les comportements les plus consensuels et ainsi reçoit de l’approbation de son groupe. Malgré le fait que les normes sociales sont au coeur de nombreuses recherches, les processus cognitifs qui mènent un individu à agir selon elles sont encore inconnus. Les processus cognitifs expliquant le comportement sont, par ailleurs, expliqués dans la littérature sur les comportements motivés par l’atteinte de buts qui stipule que les stratégies cognitives seraient nécessaires afin d’émettre un comportement. Dans ce travail, nous proposons que les stratégies soient les processus cognitifs qui mènent un individu à agir selon une norme sociale. Deux études ont été menées et les résultats de ces deux études démontrent que les individus agissent selon une norme sociale parce qu’ils peuvent générer les stratégies nécessaires pour y arriver. Les implications théoriques et méthodologiques sont discutées. / Each day our behaviours are influenced by the social norms that surround us. When behaving according to social norms, the individual acts in accordance with the most consensual behaviours and thus receives approval from his/her group members. Notwithstanding the fact that social norms are at the centre of much research, the cognitive processes that lead an individual to act according to them are still unknown. However, the cognitive processes explaining behaviour are present in the literature on goal directed behaviour which states that cognitive strategies are needed achieve a behaviour. In this paper, we propose that strategies are the cognitive processes that lead an individual to act in accordance with a social norm. Two studies were conducted and the results of both studies show that individuals act according to social norms because they can generate the necessary strategies to reach the normative behaviour. The theoretical and methodological implications are discussed.

Submitted by Fernando Souza (fernandoafsou@gmail.com) on 2017-08-25T11:31:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 8207949 bytes, checksum: 664ead215158e2b8bb18e276dca2ce49 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-25T11:31:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 8207949 bytes, checksum: 664ead215158e2b8bb18e276dca2ce49 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Cette étude examine les trajectoires des deux traductions françaises L'Enfant de la plantation (1953 et 2013), du roman Menino de engenho (1932), de José Lins do Rego, et s'insère dans les Études Descriptives de la Traduction. Plus précisément, elle s'appuie sur l'approche sociologique de la traduction, à partir des contributions de Pierre Bourdieu (1971, 1983, 1991, 1996, 2002, 2013), Pascale Casanova (2002a, 2002b), Johan Heilbron et Gisèle Sapiro (2009), ainsi que du point de vue des transferts culturels, à partir des contributions de Michel Espagne (2012, 2013) et Diana Cooper-Richet (2013). L'étude a pour objectif comprendre l'acte de traduire et les processus impliqués dans ces traductions françaises. À partir de l‟identification des opérations sociales (Bourdieu) envisagées en tant que partie du processus de transfert culturel, nous avons mené l'étude des contextes et des intermédiaires des deux traductions françaises, tout en tenant compte des processus et des trajectoires différents. Ainsi, nous avons pu confirmer l'importance des études descriptives pour comprendre l‟activité traductive au-delà de la perspective textuelle et à travers les relations sociales; en plus, nous avons pu constater les changements survenus dans l'espace littéraire français liés à la place de la littérature brésilienne, de même que dans les deux processus de traduction du roman de l‟écrivain paraïbanais. / O presente trabalho investiga os caminhos das duas traduções francesas L'Enfant de la plantation (1953 e 2013), do romance Menino de engenho (1932), de José Lins do Rego, e se insere nos Estudos Descritivos da Tradução. O estudo se apoia, mais precisamente, na abordagem sociológica da tradução, a partir das contribuições de Pierre Bourdieu (1971, 1983, 1991, 1996, 2002, 2013), Pascale Casanova (2002a, 2002b), Johan Heilbron e Gisèle Sapiro (2009), bem como na perspectiva das transferências culturais, a partir das contribuições de Michel Espagne (2012, 2013) e Diana Cooper-Richet (2013). Tem por objetivo compreender o ato de traduzir e os processos implicados nessas traduções francesas. Partindo da identificação das operações sociais (Bourdieu) e entendendo-as como parte do processo de transferência cultural (Espagne), realizamos o estudo dos contextos e dos intermediários das traduções francesas e nos deparamos com processos e caminhos distintos. Com isso, pudemos confirmar a importância dos estudos descritivos para compreender a atividade tradutória para além da perspectiva textual e através das relações sociais, pudemos ainda onstatar as mudanças ocorridas tanto no espaço literário francês em relação ao lugar ocupado pela literatura brasileira, quanto nos dois processos de tradução do romance do escritor paraibano.

A pesquisa objetivou descrever como desenvolve-se a conduta estratégica e o alinhamento das práticas de gestão, das empresas em estudo, com relação às estratégias prescritivas do setor moveleiro de Lagoa Vermelha. Desenvolveu-se pesquisa qualitativa tipo estudo intra casos e entre empresas em três organizações do setor moveleiro de Lagoa Vermelha. Utilizou-se roteiro de entrevista não estruturado seguida de análise de conteúdo. Para descrever como ocorre a formação da estratégia utilizaram-se cortes das escolas do design, planejamento e posicionamento. Para análise das práticas de gestão a partir das estratégias prescritivas empregaram-se cortes das escolas da cognição, empreendedora, poder, cultural, aprendizado, ambiental e configuração. Nas escolas prescritivas identificou-se que a formatação da conduta estratégica na empresa B é de custo visando padronização de processos. Surge do senso de urgência por meio de consultoria empresarial para fazer frente a concorrência não valorizando o passado para a sua formatação. A empresa A desenvolve estratégia de custo e diferenciação por senso de urgência valorizando também elementos exógenos para a sua formatação. Teve também apoio de consultoria para desenvolvimento da estratégia valorizando, contudo, o seu passado para formatação da estratégia. Já a empresa C possui estratégia de diferenciação sendo pró-ativa. Desenvolve-se através de um processo emergente não planejado estruturada por meio de elementos exógenos e endógenos. Já nas escolas descritivas identificou-se que a estratégia na empresa B é representada por práticas como apoio de psicóloga organizacional, gestão de custo, mudança de layout de produção, prospecção de mercado externo, interação, troca de fornecedores, aquisição de máquinas, grupos progresso e qualidade total e treinamento de líderes. Para o nível tático da empresa B a estratégia é um processo holístico e linear sendo que nem todos extrapolam a conduta estratégica e desenvolvem capacidade visionária que é limitada pelo nível hierárquico e análise formal. Na empresa A a estratégia é um processo linear e resulta em práticas de gestão como reuniões diárias e semanais entre os setores, treinamento em comunicação interna, aquisição de máquinas, matéria prima de qualidade, prospecção de mercado, eficiência operacional, desenvolvimento de produto, prioridade de processos, produção de lote fechado, viagens de negócios, parcerias, desenvolvimento de lideranças, gestão de compras, organização de processos e eficiência em qualidade e preço. Nem todos tem capacidade de ensinamento visionário e todos extrapolam a estratégia desde que debatido em conjunto. Na empresa C a estratégia é de inovação e liderança sendo desenvolvida através de reuniões diárias de líderes de setor e mensal com todos da empresa. As práticas para implementação estratégica envolvem ainda através programa 05 Ss, grupo qualidade da empresa C, caixa de sugestões, gestão de custo, investimento em maquinário, pedidos on line, venda pela internet, gestão de representantes, assistência técnica, design de produto, fluxo de informação, treinamento comportamental, gestão de frota de veículos, redução de rotinas, busca treinamentos fora da empresa, funcionário capacitado e motivado mudança de matéria prima e processos e central de compras. Nem todos tem capacidade visionária e todos extrapolam a diretriz. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-22T17:57:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Oberdan Teles da Silva.pdf: 803890 bytes, checksum: 25c3d2c8d2818574252be62511325327 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-22T17:57:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Oberdan Teles da Silva.pdf: 803890 bytes, checksum: 25c3d2c8d2818574252be62511325327 (MD5) / The research aimed at to describe how it happens the development of the strategic conduct and the alignment of the administration practices, of the companies in study, regarding the strategies prescritives of the section moveleiro lagoense. For so developed researches qualitative type study inter and intra cases in three companies of the section moveleiro of Lagoa Vermelha. Interview itinerary was used no structured following by content analysis. To describe how it happens the formation of the strategy was used cuts of the schools of the design, planning and positioning. For analysis of the administration practices starting from the strategies prescritives it was used cuts of the schools of the cognition, enterprising, to can, cultural, learning, environmental and configuration. Through the schools prescritives identified that the formatting of the strategic conduct in the company B is of cost seeking standardization of processes. It appears of the urgency sense by teh business consultoria to do front the competition not valuing the past for formatting. The company A also develops cost strategy and differentiation for urgency sense also valuing elements exogenous for formatting. It also had consultancy support for development of the strategy valuing, however, the past for formatting of the strategy. Already the company C possesses differentiation strategy being pro-active. The strategy grows through an emerging process no planed structured through elements exogenous and endogenous. Already in the descriptive schools identified that the strategy in the company B it is represented by practices as organizational psychologist´s support, cost administration, change of production layout, foreign market search, interaction, changes of suppliers, acquisition of machines Groups progress and total quality and leaders´ training. For the tactical level of the company B the strategy is a holistic and lineal process being nor all extrapolate the strategic conduct and they develop visionary capacity that is limited by the hierarchical level and formal analysis. In the company A the strategy is a lineal process and it converges through daily and weekly meetings among the sections, training in communication interns, acquisition of machines, matter quality cousin, market search, operational efficiency, product development, priority of processes, production of closed lot, business trips, partnerships, development of leaderships, administration of purchases, organization of processes and efficiency in quality and price. Nor all have the capacity of the visionary teaching and all extrapolate the strategy since discussed together. In the company C the strategy is innovation and leadership being developed through section leaders´ daily meetings and monthly with all of the company. It still converges through program 05 Ss, Group Quality of the Organization C, box of suggestions, cost administration, investment in machines, requests on line, sale for the internet, representatives´ administration, technical support, product design, flow of information, behavioral training, administration of fleet of vehicles, reduction of routines, looks for trainings out of the company, qualified employee and motivated matter change excels and processes and central of purchases. Nor all have visionary capacity and all extrapolate the strategic guideline.

A pesquisa objetivou descrever como desenvolve-se a conduta estratégica e o alinhamento das práticas de gestão, das empresas em estudo, com relação às estratégias prescritivas do setor moveleiro de Lagoa Vermelha. Desenvolveu-se pesquisa qualitativa tipo estudo intra casos e entre empresas em três organizações do setor moveleiro de Lagoa Vermelha. Utilizou-se roteiro de entrevista não estruturado seguida de análise de conteúdo. Para descrever como ocorre a formação da estratégia utilizaram-se cortes das escolas do design, planejamento e posicionamento. Para análise das práticas de gestão a partir das estratégias prescritivas empregaram-se cortes das escolas da cognição, empreendedora, poder, cultural, aprendizado, ambiental e configuração. Nas escolas prescritivas identificou-se que a formatação da conduta estratégica na empresa B é de custo visando padronização de processos. Surge do senso de urgência por meio de consultoria empresarial para fazer frente a concorrência não valorizando o passado para a sua formatação. A empresa A desenvolve estratégia de custo e diferenciação por senso de urgência valorizando também elementos exógenos para a sua formatação. Teve também apoio de consultoria para desenvolvimento da estratégia valorizando, contudo, o seu passado para formatação da estratégia. Já a empresa C possui estratégia de diferenciação sendo pró-ativa. Desenvolve-se através de um processo emergente não planejado estruturada por meio de elementos exógenos e endógenos. Já nas escolas descritivas identificou-se que a estratégia na empresa B é representada por práticas como apoio de psicóloga organizacional, gestão de custo, mudança de layout de produção, prospecção de mercado externo, interação, troca de fornecedores, aquisição de máquinas, grupos progresso e qualidade total e treinamento de líderes. Para o nível tático da empresa B a estratégia é um processo holístico e linear sendo que nem todos extrapolam a conduta estratégica e desenvolvem capacidade visionária que é limitada pelo nível hierárquico e análise formal. Na empresa A a estratégia é um processo linear e resulta em práticas de gestão como reuniões diárias e semanais entre os setores, treinamento em comunicação interna, aquisição de máquinas, matéria prima de qualidade, prospecção de mercado, eficiência operacional, desenvolvimento de produto, prioridade de processos, produção de lote fechado, viagens de negócios, parcerias, desenvolvimento de lideranças, gestão de compras, organização de processos e eficiência em qualidade e preço. Nem todos tem capacidade de ensinamento visionário e todos extrapolam a estratégia desde que debatido em conjunto. Na empresa C a estratégia é de inovação e liderança sendo desenvolvida através de reuniões diárias de líderes de setor e mensal com todos da empresa. As práticas para implementação estratégica envolvem ainda através programa 05 Ss, grupo qualidade da empresa C, caixa de sugestões, gestão de custo, investimento em maquinário, pedidos on line, venda pela internet, gestão de representantes, assistência técnica, design de produto, fluxo de informação, treinamento comportamental, gestão de frota de veículos, redução de rotinas, busca treinamentos fora da empresa, funcionário capacitado e motivado mudança de matéria prima e processos e central de compras. Nem todos tem capacidade visionária e todos extrapolam a diretriz. / The research aimed at to describe how it happens the development of the strategic conduct and the alignment of the administration practices, of the companies in study, regarding the strategies prescritives of the section moveleiro lagoense. For so developed researches qualitative type study inter and intra cases in three companies of the section moveleiro of Lagoa Vermelha. Interview itinerary was used no structured following by content analysis. To describe how it happens the formation of the strategy was used cuts of the schools of the design, planning and positioning. For analysis of the administration practices starting from the strategies prescritives it was used cuts of the schools of the cognition, enterprising, to can, cultural, learning, environmental and configuration. Through the schools prescritives identified that the formatting of the strategic conduct in the company B is of cost seeking standardization of processes. It appears of the urgency sense by teh business consultoria to do front the competition not valuing the past for formatting. The company A also develops cost strategy and differentiation for urgency sense also valuing elements exogenous for formatting. It also had consultancy support for development of the strategy valuing, however, the past for formatting of the strategy. Already the company C possesses differentiation strategy being pro-active. The strategy grows through an emerging process no planed structured through elements exogenous and endogenous. Already in the descriptive schools identified that the strategy in the company B it is represented by practices as organizational psychologist´s support, cost administration, change of production layout, foreign market search, interaction, changes of suppliers, acquisition of machines Groups progress and total quality and leaders´ training. For the tactical level of the company B the strategy is a holistic and lineal process being nor all extrapolate the strategic conduct and they develop visionary capacity that is limited by the hierarchical level and formal analysis. In the company A the strategy is a lineal process and it converges through daily and weekly meetings among the sections, training in communication interns, acquisition of machines, matter quality cousin, market search, operational efficiency, product development, priority of processes, production of closed lot, business trips, partnerships, development of leaderships, administration of purchases, organization of processes and efficiency in quality and price. Nor all have the capacity of the visionary teaching and all extrapolate the strategy since discussed together. In the company C the strategy is innovation and leadership being developed through section leaders´ daily meetings and monthly with all of the company. It still converges through program 05 Ss, Group Quality of the Organization C, box of suggestions, cost administration, investment in machines, requests on line, sale for the internet, representatives´ administration, technical support, product design, flow of information, behavioral training, administration of fleet of vehicles, reduction of routines, looks for trainings out of the company, qualified employee and motivated matter change excels and processes and central of purchases. Nor all have visionary capacity and all extrapolate the strategic guideline.

La majorité des adolescents québécois auront consommé une substance psychoactive avant la fin de leurs études secondaires. Parmi les facteurs ayant une influence sur cette consommation, on retrouve les normes sociales, dont les normes descriptives. Ce mémoire vise à évaluer l’impact des normes descriptives du milieu scolaire sur les comportements d’usage de cannabis chez les adolescents québécois, ainsi que sur les méfaits attribués à cette consommation. Cette étude examine les liens entre l’écart de perception de prévalence de consommation de cannabis au sein d’une école et la consommation ainsi que les conséquences attribuées à cet usage par les élèves. De plus, elle examine le rôle modérateur des écarts de perception de la prévalence de consommation sur la progression de la consommation, ainsi que sur le lien entre la consommation de cannabis en secondaire 4 et des conséquences attribuées à cette consommation un an plus tard. Provenant de la Stratégie d’Intervention Agir Autrement, l’échantillon de cette étude est constitué de 1601 élèves suivis de secondaire 2 à secondaire 5. Des analyses de régression logistique multinomiale ont été conduites et ont montré que plus les élèves surestiment la prévalence de consommation de cannabis au sein de leur école, plus ils ont de chance de consommer du cannabis et d’attribuer des conséquences négatives à leur consommation un an plus tard. Les résultats ont également montré un effet modérateur positif de l’écart de perception de la prévalence sur la progression de la consommation de cannabis de secondaire 4 à 5, spécifiquement chez les élèves ayant une faible consommation en secondaire 4. Finalement, les résultats ont montré un deuxième effet modérateur de l’écart de perception de prévalence, celui-ci sur le lien entre la consommation de cannabis en secondaire 4 et l’attribution de conséquences négatives à cette consommation un an plus tard. Précisément, les élèves ayant une faible consommation et qui surestiment la prévalence de consommation de cannabis au sein de leur école auront plus de chance d’attribuer plusieurs méfaits à leur consommation en secondaire 5 que d’en attribuer aucun. Par contre, les élèves ayant une consommation de cannabis élevée en secondaire 4 ne rapportent pas plus ni moins de conséquences selon leur estimation de prévalence. Les implications de ces résultats sont discutées. / Substance use in adolescence is a relatively common behavior. By the end of high school, a majority of Quebec teenagers will have experimented with psychoactive drugs or alcohol. Among the multiple factors influencing substance use are the social norms, namely the descriptive norms. This study evaluates the impact of the misperception of descriptive norms within the school context on marijuana use and its related consequences. Specifically, this study examines the relationship between the misperception of prevalence of cannabis use within a high school and the actual use of marijuana and its attributed related consequences. It also examines the moderating role of misperception of cannabis use prevalence on the progression of marijuana usage, and on the relationship between cannabis use in 10th grade and its attributed consequences a year later. Using data from the New Approaches, New Solutions intervention strategy, 1601 high school students were followed from grade 8 through grade 11. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted and have indicated that the more the students overestimate the prevalence of cannabis use, the more chances they have to use marijuana themselves and attribute negative consequences to their cannabis use a year later. Results have also shown a moderating effect of the misperception of prevalence of cannabis use on the progression of marijuana use from grade 10 to 11, particularly with the students using marijuana occasionally in grade 10. Results also indicate a moderating effect of the misperception of prevalence of school wide cannabis use on the relationship between marijuana use in grade 10 and attributed consequences a year later. Specifically, students using marijuana occasionally and who overestimate the prevalence of cannabis use by their school peers will have more chances of attributing more than three consequences to their drug use in grade 11 than to attribute no harm to it whereas students who use marijuana frequently in grade 10 do not attribute consequences in accordance with their estimation of the prevalence of cannabis use by their school peers. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

La majorité des adolescents québécois auront consommé une substance psychoactive avant la fin de leurs études secondaires. Parmi les facteurs ayant une influence sur cette consommation, on retrouve les normes sociales, dont les normes descriptives. Ce mémoire vise à évaluer l’impact des normes descriptives du milieu scolaire sur les comportements d’usage de cannabis chez les adolescents québécois, ainsi que sur les méfaits attribués à cette consommation. Cette étude examine les liens entre l’écart de perception de prévalence de consommation de cannabis au sein d’une école et la consommation ainsi que les conséquences attribuées à cet usage par les élèves. De plus, elle examine le rôle modérateur des écarts de perception de la prévalence de consommation sur la progression de la consommation, ainsi que sur le lien entre la consommation de cannabis en secondaire 4 et des conséquences attribuées à cette consommation un an plus tard. Provenant de la Stratégie d’Intervention Agir Autrement, l’échantillon de cette étude est constitué de 1601 élèves suivis de secondaire 2 à secondaire 5. Des analyses de régression logistique multinomiale ont été conduites et ont montré que plus les élèves surestiment la prévalence de consommation de cannabis au sein de leur école, plus ils ont de chance de consommer du cannabis et d’attribuer des conséquences négatives à leur consommation un an plus tard. Les résultats ont également montré un effet modérateur positif de l’écart de perception de la prévalence sur la progression de la consommation de cannabis de secondaire 4 à 5, spécifiquement chez les élèves ayant une faible consommation en secondaire 4. Finalement, les résultats ont montré un deuxième effet modérateur de l’écart de perception de prévalence, celui-ci sur le lien entre la consommation de cannabis en secondaire 4 et l’attribution de conséquences négatives à cette consommation un an plus tard. Précisément, les élèves ayant une faible consommation et qui surestiment la prévalence de consommation de cannabis au sein de leur école auront plus de chance d’attribuer plusieurs méfaits à leur consommation en secondaire 5 que d’en attribuer aucun. Par contre, les élèves ayant une consommation de cannabis élevée en secondaire 4 ne rapportent pas plus ni moins de conséquences selon leur estimation de prévalence. Les implications de ces résultats sont discutées. / Substance use in adolescence is a relatively common behavior. By the end of high school, a majority of Quebec teenagers will have experimented with psychoactive drugs or alcohol. Among the multiple factors influencing substance use are the social norms, namely the descriptive norms. This study evaluates the impact of the misperception of descriptive norms within the school context on marijuana use and its related consequences. Specifically, this study examines the relationship between the misperception of prevalence of cannabis use within a high school and the actual use of marijuana and its attributed related consequences. It also examines the moderating role of misperception of cannabis use prevalence on the progression of marijuana usage, and on the relationship between cannabis use in 10th grade and its attributed consequences a year later. Using data from the New Approaches, New Solutions intervention strategy, 1601 high school students were followed from grade 8 through grade 11. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted and have indicated that the more the students overestimate the prevalence of cannabis use, the more chances they have to use marijuana themselves and attribute negative consequences to their cannabis use a year later. Results have also shown a moderating effect of the misperception of prevalence of cannabis use on the progression of marijuana use from grade 10 to 11, particularly with the students using marijuana occasionally in grade 10. Results also indicate a moderating effect of the misperception of prevalence of school wide cannabis use on the relationship between marijuana use in grade 10 and attributed consequences a year later. Specifically, students using marijuana occasionally and who overestimate the prevalence of cannabis use by their school peers will have more chances of attributing more than three consequences to their drug use in grade 11 than to attribute no harm to it whereas students who use marijuana frequently in grade 10 do not attribute consequences in accordance with their estimation of the prevalence of cannabis use by their school peers. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

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