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Master of Landscape Architecture / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional + Community Planning / Mary Catherine (Katie) Kingery‐Page / The generation of diagnosed autistic children is aging, calling on needed research for what will happen to autistic adults. Cities are outfitted to non-autistic people, typically created for an idealized individual without disability or limitation. Urban environments add to sensory overload, have limited mass transit accessible to those with neurological disabilities, provide few affordable housing units, offer very little employment opportunity, and have no green spaces designed for those with autism or other differences. Typical urban design does not take into account the landscape and urban affordances needed by adults with autism. This project synthesizes a toolkit including the following needs for adults with autism: vocational training, life skills, mental and physical health support, employment, public transportation and affordable housing. Using the initial theoretical urban systems toolkit, I conducted an evaluation and synthesized proposal for Nashville, Tennessee, a large city that ranks within the nation among the lowest for cost-of-living (e.g. groceries, housing, and utilities). The outcome of the evaluation and synthesis is a diagrammatic infographic conveying existing and needed services within Nashville, as well as connectivity of needs for adults with autism. From the diagrammatic proposal, the initial theoretical urban systems toolkit is revised, reflecting upon the findings through the evaluation of Nashville, Tennessee. The final theoretical urban systems toolkit and diagrammatic proposal for Nashville, Tennessee provides exploratory research for city planners, architects, and landscape architects to design for cities inclusive of adults with autism, as well as other neurological disabilities or limitations. This additional layer of design not only contributes to the social and environmental well-being of individuals with autism, but also contributes to the entire urban community. Urban design as an approach to planning for adults with autism contributes a new disciplinary perspective to the discourse on planning for a maturing autistic population.

"Concurrent Engineering (CE) has already initiated a cultural change in the design and manufacturing of new products. It is expected to lead to better engineered and faster built products. But, in order for a company to take advantage of the power of CE, the members of product development teams have to be educated in the CE method of product development and how decisions made about one aspect of a design can affect other aspects. They also have to be educated in the usefulness of the tools that can be used for CE. Those tools include intelligent agents which can be used to offer design suggestions and criticisms. The goal of this project is to build a computer system which will simulate a design environment and demonstrate the essential aspects of CE, in a way that they can be intuitively understood. It is supported by a grant from the Competitive Product Development Institute at the Digital Equipment Corporation."

This thesis is an investigation focusing on the adaptability of generative systems in a dynamic design problem, where the problem definition changes according to the changing conditions of the environment and transforming needs of the architectural space. This thesis, instead of discussing the dynamicity of the design processes, investigates the use of an adaptable generative system in a case-specific dynamic design problem to sustain its changing problem definitions. The research mainly looks into the potentials of generative systems in terms of adaptability and develops a generative system that is able to transform its structure in accordance with the dynamic constraints of a complex design process.

Design systems have gained traction in the last few years. They have been primarily used by big tech companies to improve collaboration between designers and developers and to speed up the development process of their digital products. There is no formal definition of what a design system is and what it should entail as of the time of writing. It is believed that communication breakdown during the creation of design systems occurs because designers and developers do not understand each other’s fields of expertise. The purpose of this study is to explore common aspects that cause communication breakdown between developers and designers when creating a design system. The method of choice for this study is semi- structured interviews conducted with frontend/web developers, exploring their views and experiences. The results of this study indicate that there are both similarities and differences between peoples’ views on design systems and that the lack of understanding of a developer's field of work can be seen as an aspect that can cause a communication breakdown. Furthermore, the results imply that one of the factors which can contribute to a more successful understanding of the handoff for developers is the visualization of the design. The major limitations of this study are the lack of scientific literature on the topic of design systems as well as the limited number of participants.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamos liejimo slegiant formų projektavimo, ga-mybos technologinio paruošimo bei gamybos proceso problemos ir aptariami novatoriški jų sprendimo būdai. Apžvelgiami plastinių medžiagų perdirbimo procesai. Analizuojamas tradi-cinis liejimo slegiant formų gamybos procesas ir jo trūkumai. Pateikiami organizaciniai ir te-chniniai tradicinio gamybos proceso tobulinimo būdai, panaudojant naujausią programinę įrangą, įrankius, medžiagas ir stakles. Tiriamojoje dalyje atliekamas ruošinio parinkimo įtakos liejimo formos detalių savikainai modeliavimas. Išanalizavus visas liejimo slegiant formų ga-mybos problemas, pateikiamos baigiamojo darbo išvados ir siūlymai. Darbą sudaro 7 dalys: įvadas, plastikų perdirbimas, tradicinio liejimo slegiant formų gamybos proceso analizė, liejimo slegiant formų gamybos proceso šiuolaikinės tobulinimo kryptys, ruošinio parinkimo įtakos liejimo formos detalių savikainai modeliavimas, išvados ir pasiūlymai, literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 73 p. teksto be priedų, 50 iliustr., 14 lent., 21 bibliografinis šaltinis. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai. / In this final master work are investigated plastic injection moulds design, production technological preparation and production problems and discussed innovative solution ways of these problems. Reviewed remake processes of plastic meterials. Analysed tradicional plastic injection mould production process and its weaknesses. Gived organizational and technical tra-dicional production process improvement ways handling the modern software, tools, materials and machines. In investigational part is performed modeling of billet selection influence to cost price of mould parts. After analysis of all the plastic injection moulds production problems gived conclusions and suggestions of this final work. Structure: introduction, remake of plastics, traditional plastic injection moulds production process analysis, modern improvement ways of plastic injection moulds production process, modeling of billet selection influence to cost price of mould parts, conclusions and suggestions, references. Thesis consist of: 73 p. text without appendixes, 50 pictures, 14 tables, 21 bibliographi-cal entries. Appendixes included.

La conduite des systèmes de conception et le pilotage des projets consistent non seulement à allouer des ressources pour satisfaire au mieux les objectifs assignés au système et au projet, mais également à favoriser la collaboration entre les acteurs du système qu‘ils soient directement ou indirectement impliqués dans le projet. Lors de l‘évolution du système et pendant le déroulement du projet, les décideurs doivent pouvoir analyser la situation de conception existante et encourager l‘apparition d'une situation de collaboration si le besoin s‘en fait sentir. L‘objectif de cette thèse est de définir les concepts permettant d‘analyser et de faire évoluer le système de conception. Pour ce faire nous articulons nos travaux autour d‘un modèle de référence pour l‘évaluation des systèmes de conception. Nous complétons ce modèle en intégrant les influences, à chaque niveau décisionnel, de la culture organisationnelle. Nous montrons comment la culture organisationnelle peut jouer un rôle non négligeable auprès des acteurs de l‘entreprise en vue de l‘atteinte des objectifs fixés par celle-ci. Nous obtenons ainsi, un modèle adapté à la conduite des systèmes de conception et au pilotage des projets de conception dans un environnement multi-acteurs, multi-disciplinaires et multi-projets. Notre modèle positionne la performance des systèmes de conception dans le cadre plus large de la performance globale de l'entreprise en décrivant les éléments du contexte de l‘entreprise et la culture organisationnelle de celle-ci qui vont influencer la conception. Une étude de cas réelle menée au sein d‘une entreprise espagnole montre en quoi il est nécessaire de prendre en considération la culture organisationnelle dès lors que l‘on souhaite mettre en place une stratégie dans une entreprise en vue de concevoir un nouveau produit. / The design systems management and the project management have not only to concern resources allocation process to satisfy the objectives assigned, but also to promote collaboration between the actors of the system which could be involved in the project or not. During the system evolution and the project, the leaders will analyze the real state of design conditions and stimulate the collaborating conditions when it is necessary. Objective of this thesis is to define concepts allowing analysing, managing and making evolve the design system. To achieve this objective we articulate our research around a reference model to evaluate design system. We complete this model by integrating influences, at each decisional level, of the organizational culture. We show how the organizational culture could have an important influence in the actors‘ way of life in the company. We obtain a model adapted to a multi-actor, multi-disciplinary and multi-project environment. Our model positioned the design systems in the more global context of the performance of the enterprise by describing elements of the environment of enterprise and the organizational culture which will have an influence on the design system. A real case study in a Spanish company shows how organizational culture could impact the strategy of a company when it wants to develop a new product.

by Yu, Lawrence Kwok Cheung. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 46-47). / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.vii / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Benefits of Outsourcing --- p.1 / Strategic Benefits --- p.1 / Financial Benefits --- p.2 / Operational Benefits --- p.3 / Human Resources Benefits --- p.3 / Risks of Outsourcing --- p.4 / Strategic Risks --- p.4 / Financial Risks --- p.4 / Operational Risks --- p.5 / Human Resources Risks --- p.6 / Outsourcing Issues --- p.7 / Feasibility and Planning --- p.7 / Outsourcing Candidate Identification --- p.8 / Outsourcing Engagement --- p.10 / Managing the Outsourcing Contract --- p.12 / Human Resources Development --- p.14 / Outsourcing Post-mortem Analysis --- p.14 / Other Important Findings --- p.15 / Outsourcing Trends --- p.16 / Chapter II. --- MOTOROLA SPS CONSUMER SYSTEMS GROUP --- p.19 / Background --- p.19 / CSG Needs --- p.20 / Analyzing Outsourcing to Cadence --- p.21 / Chapter III. --- REVIEW OF CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS --- p.22 / Company Background --- p.22 / Cadence Design Services --- p.23 / Multimedia Design Services --- p.26 / Recent Cadence Design Services News --- p.27 / Chapter IV. --- MOTOROLA SPS AND CADENCE --- p.28 / Past Cadence Outsourcing Projects --- p.28 / Views of Colleagues on Past Cadence Outsourcing Projects --- p.30 / Views of Colleagues on Outsourcing Design Work to Cadence --- p.32 / Chapter V. --- ANALYSIS --- p.35 / Technical Issues --- p.35 / Economic Issues --- p.36 / Legal Issues --- p.37 / Operational Issues --- p.37 / Sensitivity Issues --- p.38 / Other Analyses --- p.39 / Chapter VI. --- RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS --- p.41 / Other Recommendations --- p.42 / Conclusions --- p.43 / APPENDIX --- p.44 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.46

"A Single Function Agent (SiFA) is a software agent, with only one function, one point of view, and one target object on which to act. For example, an agent might be a critic (function) of material (target) from the point of view of cost. This research investigates the possibilities and implications of the SiFA concept, and analyzes the definition language, negotiation language and negotiation strategies of the agents. After defining a domain-independent set of agent types we investigated negotiation, analyzing which pairs/groups of agents have reason to communicate, and what the information passed between them should be, as well as what knowledge was needed to support the negotiation. A library for the CLIPS expert system shell was built, which allows development of SiFA based expert systems from domain independent templates. We will present two such systems, one as implemented for the domain of ceramic component material selection and the other (in development) for simple sailboat design. The effect of negotiation on the design process and the results are discussed, as well as directions for future research into SiFAs."