Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:44:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MADE JUNIOR MIRANDA.pdf: 3772629 bytes, checksum: 04bda20342f54a43f664b66bfeeab933 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-09 / Esta tese faz uma investigação de metodologias de ensino aplicadas a práticas desportivas de iniciação ao aprendizado de voleibol. O problema formulado quer saber se o voleibol pode ser ensinado e avaliado com base no ensino desenvolvimental proporcionando ações mentais importantes para o desenvolvimento do jogo e para a vida dos alunos. O objetivo geral da investigação foi a aplicação dos pressupostos da teoria do ensino desenvolvimental na aprendizagem esportiva, em particular a possibilidade da auto-avaliação dinâmica no voleibol. A metodologia utilizada buscou a aplicação dos pressupostos da teoria do ensino desenvolvimental de Vasili V. Davídov (1930 1998), da teoria históricocultural de Lev Vygotsky (1896 1934) e da teoria da atividade de Alexei Leontiev (1903 1979) em atividades de iniciação ao voleibol para 22 estudantes com idades de 12 e 13 anos, matriculados numa escola pública estadual da cidade de Trindade (GO), por meio de um experimento didático formativo. A pesquisa consistiu na adoção de uma metodologia de auto-avaliação dinâmica, por parte dos alunos, como instrumento potencialmente formativo, ao associar o desempenho na execução de gestos técnicos do voleibol ao desenvolvimento de ações mentais por meio da formação de conceitos. A referida metodologia fundamentou-se no fato de que para a teoria de Davídov a apropriação da experiência humana social e historicamente desenvolvida, por meio da formação de conceitos de um determinado campo de conhecimento e da participação ativa do aluno no processo de aprendizagem, possibilita mudanças qualitativas nos alunos, reorganizando e enriquecendo sua atividade própria. Desse modo, buscou-se verificar, ao longo do experimento, o desenvolvimento dos alunos na apropriação, formação e generalização de conceitos, como base para a formação de ações mentais; a atuação dos procedimentos de auto-avaliação dinâmica no desenvolvimento ou reorganização de ações mentais; e, por fim, a análise das alterações nos conhecimentos e habilidades dos alunos na execução de gestos técnicos do voleibol. A análise dos dados mostrou que o ensino esportivo do voleibol pode ser desenvolvido pelos pressupostos da teoria do ensino desenvolvimental e que os procedimentos autoavaliativos dinâmicos constituem um processo potencialmente formativo das capacidades próprias de raciocínio e de desempenho de habilidades motoras dos alunos. Constatou-se, também, que a atuação dos motivos de professores e alunos na atividade de aprendizagem bem como dos fatores socioculturais envolvidos na situação de aprendizagem, exercem influência significativa nos resultados.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:53:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA RITA DA SILVA.pdf: 10944070 bytes, checksum: 119762af1f17049702244d2de4766485 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-24 / A presente investigação teve como objeto de estudo a atividade de aprendizagem de leitura de imagens em artes visuais tendo como base a Teoria Histórico-Cultural de L. S. Vygotsky e a Teoria do Ensino Desenvolvimental de V. V. Davydov, buscando responder às seguintes questões: Como a organização de ensino, em artes visuais, pode propiciar condições para uma aprendizagem dos conceitos necessários a uma leitura crítica de imagens? A Teoria do Ensino Desenvolvimental seria uma possibilidade para organizar o ensino de Arte para a aprendizagem dos conceitos necessários à leitura de imagens? Quais seriam as vantagens e contradições na concretização dessa organização do ensino no contexto de uma escola pública municipal de Goiânia? O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi investigar a aplicação prática, em artes visuais, do ensino organizado segundo a Teoria do Ensino Desenvolvimental para a leitura de imagens. Os objetivos específicos foram: a) Planejar e desenvolver, com base na Teoria do Ensino Desenvolvimental, uma atividade voltada à aprendizagem do conceito de composição artística, para uma turma do Ciclo III de uma escola pública do município de Goiânia; b) Verificar as vantagens e contradições desse tipo de organização do ensino no contexto da escola investigada; c) Contribuir para as metodologias de ensino de artes visuais. A pesquisa consistiu em um Experimento Didático Formativo, orientado pelas premissas teóricas do ensino desenvolvimental. Os dados foram coletados por meio de observação de aulas e registro por meio de filmagens e anotações em diário de campo, pesquisa documental e entrevista semiestruturada. A análise buscou captar o desenvolvimento dos alunos na formação do conceito de composição artística, assim como, as contradições verificadas na utilização do ensino desenvolvimental. Conclui-se que o ensino proposto por Davydov pode ser efetivo no ensino de Arte na escola e contribuir para desenvolver no aluno formas de se relacionar com o objeto artístico apropriando dos seus conceitos essenciais e utilizando-os na arte e em seu cotidiano. Os resultados desta pesquisa podem ser uma referência para os professores que buscam renovar a didática do ensino da arte.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:53:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDRE LUIZ ARAUJO CUNHA.pdf: 6869254 bytes, checksum: 315ee54a2ffe9f83a190bef0721a84f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / The low performance of Brazilian students in learning mathematics, in general, has been shown in national and international assessments. Particularly in high school, and specifically in descriptive statistics, identifies the need for changes in teaching practices that, in turn, are requiring theoretical and methodological contributions that can boost student learning. The theory of developmental education, VV Davydov (1988, 1999), focuses on the learning of scientific concepts as a means to foster the development of students and to promote changes in their modes of action in social life by using these concepts. Considered the contribution of this theory, the present study sought to elucidate the question: what changes might be introduced in the teaching of descriptive statistics from the contributions of this theory? The overall objective was to propose the organization of teaching descriptive statistics based on the theory of developmental education. For this, two steps were taken: a) Literature review covering the period 2000-2013, including scientific journals in the areas of Education and Mathematics Education, which provide access to full text electronic form; b) logical-historical analysis of the concept of statistical concepts and measures of central tendency and dispersion measures, based on the principles of the theory of developmental education, and in order to identify its nuclear aspect as a basis for organizing the teaching of statistics in education average. The results show that in high school, to introduce change in the way of organizing the teaching of descriptive statistics based on the theory of developmental education, you must have as its starting point the core concept, which in this research were the relations of counting. From the relations of counting can be formulated a conceptual model of other relationships involving measures of central tendency and dispersion measures. We conclude that the theory of developmental education provides the following contributions: characterization as a basis for the teaching of descriptive statistics, the reflection of the concepts as fundamental relationships that form, providing opportunities to students an investigative thought; allow the teacher teaching associate descriptive statistics to the motives of students to their learning; allow the learner ownership of the method of thought itself descriptive statistics from the logical-historical understanding of construction of each concept. / O baixo desempenho de estudantes brasileiros na aprendizagem de matemática, de um modo geral, tem sido evidenciado em avaliações nacionais e internacionais. Particularmente no ensino médio, e especificamente em estatística descritiva, identifica-se a necessidade de mudanças nas práticas de ensino que, por sua vez, estão requerendo aportes teóricometodológicos capazes de impulsionar a aprendizagem dos alunos. A teoria do ensino desenvolvimental, de V. V. Davydov (1988, 1999), enfoca a aprendizagem dos conceitos científicos como meio de favorecer o desenvolvimento dos alunos e de promover mudanças em seus modos de ação na vida social pelo uso desses conceitos. Considerado o aporte desta teoria, a presente pesquisa buscou elucidar a seguinte questão: que mudanças podem ser introduzidas no ensino de estatística descritiva a partir das contribuições desta teoria? O objetivo geral foi propor a organização do ensino de estatística descritiva com base na teoria do ensino desenvolvimental. Para tanto, foram realizadas duas etapas: a) pesquisa bibliográfica, abrangendo o período de 2000 a 2013, incluindo periódicos científicos das áreas da Educação e da Educação Matemática, que disponibilizam o acesso de forma eletrônica ao texto integral; b) análise lógico-histórica do conceito de estatística e dos conceitos medidas de tendência central e medidas de dispersão, fundamentada nos princípios da teoria do ensino desenvolvimental, e tendo em vista identificar seu aspecto nuclear como base para a organização do ensino de estatística no ensino médio. Os resultados mostram que no ensino médio, para se introduzir mudança na forma de organização do ensino de estatística descritiva com base na teoria do ensino desenvolvimental, é preciso ter como ponto de partida o seu conceito nuclear, que, nesta pesquisa, foram as relações de contagem. A partir das relações de contagem, pode ser formulado o modelo conceitual das demais relações que envolvem as medidas de tendência central e medidas de dispersão. Conclui-se que a teoria do ensino desenvolvimental oferece as seguintes contribuições: caracterizar, como base para o ensino da estatística descritiva, a reflexão dos conceitos como relações fundamentais que a constituem, oportunizando aos alunos um pensamento investigativo; permitir ao professor associar o ensino de estatística descritiva aos motivos dos alunos para sua aprendizagem; permitir ao aluno a apropriação do método de pensamento próprio da estatística descritiva a partir da compreensão lógico-histórica de construção de cada conceito.

The purpose of this study was to determine the expressed beliefs and practices about developmental education from early childhood teachers in Tennessee's First Educational District. A questionnaire measuring expressed beliefs and practices was administered to teachers (kindergarten through third grade) in public schools with both multi-age and single-age classrooms. The area of teaching specialization along with the number of years taught within the organization structure are paramount in the study. Teachers' expressed beliefs concerning the amount of outside influences with planning and implementing instruction are also noted. Educators were asked to respond to 36 likert-type items regarding their beliefs about developmentally appropriate practices. Respondents were also asked to respond to 27 likert-type items related to their instructional practices based on developmental appropriateness. Data were analyzed using an oblique factor analysis. Findings include a difference between multi-age and single-age classroom teachers regarding developmental education.

The purpose of this single case study was to understand the perceptions of Latino Spanish-speaking English learners on the efficacy of developmental education services at a western United States community college. The conceptual frameworks used in the investigation included critical theory related to human emancipation, social learning theory aligned to second language acquisition, and contemporary adult learning theories. The goal of the investigation was to understand how students used and perceived the developmental education services to transition from Spanish language instruction to English coursework. Research questions focused on how the developmental education services contributed to the successful completion of the child development practicum for Latino Spanish-speaking English learners. The primary data collection method was in-depth individual interviews of a purposeful sample of 9 successful students. Data were transcribed, coded, and themes were developed based on the components of the conceptual frameworks. Findings indicated that participants relied on Spanish instruction for comprehensible context, but needed consistent education support services and information from a culturally responsive institution in a language they understood. The results prompted the development of a multicultural introduction to college course designed to facilitate access to developmental education services. Implications for social change include developing curriculum to inform Spanish-speaking English learners in the community college system and remediating the shortage of qualified Latino preschool teachers in the community, thereby providing positive role models for young Latino children.

The target of the thesis In the theoretical part of the thesis is my aim to chart the teachers possibilities for incorporation of the sectional themes into the teaching at first level of basic school. Especially the theme regarding the education of the thinking in European and global context. I would like to focus on how the teacher can within the class develop the students values and their attitude, which are related to the sectional themes and concurrently, how can we detect and use the impacts of this type of teaching. I will focus on definition of the requirements for the teachers, who prefers approach to the teaching oriented on attitudes and values. In the empirical part of the thesis I am going to make a case study at the basic school, which will chart the actual work of the survey methods, regarding the students values and their attitudes and efficiency of the intervention presented as targeted work with these values and attitudes. Data collection will be in form of participant observations and collection of the documents and artefacts in the classroom. The relationship between the research subject and the questions Based on the knowledge and obtained experiences, I would like to focus on following questions. How the teacher is developing the attitudes and the values coming from the...

Hispanic Generation 1.5 students are foreign-born, U.S. high school graduates who are socialized in the English dominant K-12 school system while still maintaining the native language and culture at home (Allison, 2006; Blumenthal, 2002; Harklau, Siegal, & Losey, 1999; Rumbault & Ima, 1988). When transitioning from high school to college, these students sometimes assess into ESL courses based on their English language abilities, and because of this ESL placement, Hispanic Generation 1.5 students might have different engagement experiences than their mainstream peers. Engagement is a critical factor in student success and long-term retention because students’ positive and negative engagement experiences affect their membership and sense of belonging at the institution. The purpose of this study was to describe the engagement and membership experiences of Hispanic Generation 1.5 students’ at a Massachusetts community college. This study employed naturalistic inquiry within an embedded descriptive case study design that included three units of analysis: the students’ engagement experiences in (a) ESL courses, (b) developmental courses, and (c) mainstream courses. The main source of data was in-depth interviews with Hispanic Generation 1.5 students at Commonwealth of Massachusetts Community College. Criterion sampling was used to select the interview participants, ensuring that all participants were native Spanish speakers and were taking or had taken at least one ESL course at the institution. The study findings show that these Hispanic Generation 1.5 students at the college did not perceive peer engagement as critical to academic success. Most times the participants avoided peer engagement outside of the classroom, especially with fellow Hispanic students, who they felt would deter them from their English language development and general academic work. Engagement with ESL faculty and ESL academic support staff played the most critical role in the participants’ sense of belonging and success, and students who were required to engage with faculty and academic support staff outside of the classroom were the most satisfied with their educational experiences. While the participants were all disappointed with some aspect of their ESL placement, they valued the ESL engagement experiences more than the engagement experiences while completing developmental and credit coursework.

Summer bridge programs (SBPs) have been used as a means of increasing students' college readiness and academic skills. University Southeast implemented a SBP in 2013 for students placing into developmental courses on the Texas Success Initiative Assessment (TSIA). However, researchers have found mixed results when evaluating the effectiveness of SBPs, and at University Southeast, it has not been investigated. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the difference in TSIA score gains between first-time-in-college students with developmental-level test scores who attended a three-week SBP and those who did not. Tinto's longitudinal model of student departure guided the study examining how university-provided support may increase a student's skills and abilities before the start of college. The research questions focused on the gain scores on TSIA math, reading, and writing pre- and posttests for first-time-in-college students completing the SBP and a control group not participating in the SBP and taking the TSIA a second time. A total of 769 archived test scores from 2014 and 2015 were analyzed using an independent-samples t test. Data analysis found significant gains only in the area of TSIA math, which suggests that college administrators reevaluate the use of SBPs. This study contributes to positive social change because it provides research-based data to administrators of the local SBP and demonstrates the need to explore options that will increase college readiness while ensuring that institutional funds are being used effectively.

In 2012, national rates of degree or certificate completion for students beginning college in developmental education courses were 35%. At a Midwestern state community college completion rates were even lower, with only 27% of developmental reading/writing (DRW) students completing their program. Therefore, the purpose of this causal- comparative study was to compare success rates for DRW students beginning college in a multileveled (MLI) program and in a response to intervention (RtI) based program. The MLI program was grounded in a scaffolded learning framework, and the RtI program was grounded in a transformative learning framework. Four research questions were posited to identify the associations between success rates (course completion, persistence, retention, and credential completion) for students enrolled in the MLI program and students enrolled in the RtI program. Archival data for a census sample of 13,731 DRW students were analyzed. The chi-square test was used to determine whether associations existed between instructional groups for each dependent variable. Findings confirmed a significant association between instructional group and success factors, with students in the RtI group showing higher success rates for course completion, persistence, and retention than the MLI group. However, the MLI group showed higher success rates for credential completion than the RtI group. Further research will need to investigate the reasons for the divergent outcomes such as the fact that MLI program students began college two years before RtI program students. Implications for social change include an instructional model that may contribute to increased course completion, persistence, retention, and credential completion for DRW students, which is discussed in the appended position paper.

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