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Characterization of Self-Assembled Functional Polymeric Nanostructures: I. Magnetic Nanostructures from Metallopolymers II. Zwitterionic Polymer Vesicles in Ionic LiquidMaddikeri, Raghavendra Raj 01 February 2013 (has links)
Two diverse projects illustrate the application of various materials characterization techniques to investigate the structure and properties of nanostructured functional materials formed in both bulk as well as in solutions. In the first project, ordered magnetic nanostructures were formed within polymer matrix by novel metallopolymers. The novel metal-functionalized block copolymers (BCPs) enabled the confinement of cobalt metal ions within nanostructured BCP domains, which upon simple heat treatment resulted in room temperature ferromagnetic (RTFM) materials. On the contrary, cobalt functionalized homopolymer having similar chemical structure and higher loading of metal-ion are unstructured and exhibited superparamagnetic (SPM) behavior at room temperature. Based on a series of detailed investigations, using various materials characterization techniques, it was hypothesized that the SPM cobalt particles within BCP microdomains exhibited a collective behavior due to increased dipolar interactions between them under the nanoconfinement of cylindrical domains in BCP, resulting in RTFM behavior. On contrary, the same SPM cobalt particles formed within homopolymer, without any confinement exhibited SPM behavior either due to lack of interactions or random interactions between them.
To further support this hypothesis, a series of BCPs were prepared in which the BCP morphology was varied between the cylindrical, lamellar, and inverted cylindrical phases and their magnetic properties were compared. All these BCPs, which are nanostructured, exhibited RTFM behavior, further supporting the proposed hypothesis. Different dimensionality or degree of nanoconfinement in BCP morphologies affected the magnetization reversal processes in these BCPs, yielding different macroscopic magnetic properties. Most strongly constrained cylindrical morphology has shown best magnetic properties (highest coercivity) among other BCP morphologies. Inverted cylindrical morphology, in which a 3-D matrix is confined between the non-magnetic cylinders, had second highest and lamellar morphology with least confinement among BCPs, exhibited lowest coercivity.
The proposed hypothesis was further tested by systematically varying the dipolar interactions between the SPM cobalt nanoparticles by reducing the density of cobalt within the cylindrical domains and varying the dimensions of the cylindrical domains (i.e. diameter). A series of novel ferrocene-cobalt containing block copolymers were developed and cobalt density within the cylindrical domains of BCP was varied by changing the chemical composition of the metal functionalized block. Further, the diameter of the cylindrical domains was varied by varying the molecular weight of the cobalt-containing BCPs. These studies allowed us to understand the fundamental correlations between the self-assembled nanostructures and their macroscopic magnetic properties.
In the second part of the thesis, a novel amphiphilic block copolymer (ABC), composed of a hydrophilic zwitterionic block and a hydrophobic PS block, was synthesized by ROMP. The formation of zwitterionic vesicles in an ionic liquid, as well as in PBS buffer, was confirmed by TEM and DLS characterization. The dispersion of vesicles within ionic liquid enabled the usage of conventional, room temperature TEM to visualize them in their solution state. This technique of materials characterization could be extended for the visualization of other hydrophilic soft matter.
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Polymers in Aqueous LubricationAn, Junxue January 2017 (has links)
The main objective of this thesis work was to gain understanding of the layer properties and polymer structures that were able to aid lubrication in aqueous media. To this end, three types of polyelectrolytes: a diblock copolymer, a train-of-brushes and two brush-with-anchor mucins have been utilized. Their lubrication ability in the boundary lubrication regime has been examined by Atomic Force Microscopy with colloidal probe. The interfacial behavior of the thermoresponsive diblock copolymer, PIPOZ60-b-PAMPTAM17,on silica was studied in the temperature interval 25-50 ˚C. The main finding is that adsorption hysteresis, due to the presence of trapped states, is important when the adsorbed layers are in contact with a dilute polymer solution. The importance of trapped states was also demonstrated in the measured friction forces, where significantly lower friction forces, at a given temperature, were encountered on cooling than on the preceding heating stage, which was attributed to increased adsorbed amount. On the heating stage the friction force decreased with increasing temperature despite the worsening of the solvent condition, and the opposite trend was observed when using pre-adsorbed layers (constant adsorbed amount) as a consequence of increased segment-segment attraction. The second part of the studies was devoted to the interfacial properties of mucins on PMMA. The strong affinity provided by the anchoring group of C-PSLex and C-P55 together with their more extended layer structure contribute to the superior lubrication of PMMA compared to BSM up to pressures of 8-9 MPa. This is a result of minor bridging and lateral motion of molecules along the surface during shearing. We further studied the influence of glycosylation on interfacial properties of mucin by utilizing the highly purified mucins, C-P55 and C-PSLex. Our data suggest that the longer and more branched carbohydrate side chains on C-PSLex provide lower interpenetration and better hydration lubrication at low loads compared to the shorter carbohydrate chains on C-P55. However, the longer carbohydrates appear to counteract disentanglement less efficiently, giving rise to a higher friction force at high loads. / <p>QC 20170407</p>
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Nouvelles stratégies d'élaboration contrôlée de surfaces polymèresBousquet, Antoine 09 December 2008 (has links)
Nous avons étudié l'utilisation du phénomène de ségrégation de surface afin de fonctionnaliser des matériaux polystyrène (PS). L'incorporation d'un additif copolymère à blocs est réalisée dans une matrice d'homopolymère de polystyrène sous forme de film ou de particule. Quand les mélanges sont recuits dans un environnement humide le copolymère amphiphile migre à la surface pour réduire la tension de surface du matériau. Nous avons synthétisé au laboratoire trois copolymères à blocs de nature chimique différente: le PS-b-PAA (polyacide acrylique), le PS-b-PGA (polyacide glutamique) et le PS-b-PDMA (polyméthacrylate de diméthylaminoéthyle). Ces copolymères nous permettrons d’accéder à des comportements superficiels variés. Les films sont réalisés par spin-coating et les particules par polymérisation par précipitation. Ces matériaux sont ensuite caractérisés par mesure de l'angle de contact, par XPS, AFM, etc…, afin de déterminer leur fonctionnalité et leur structuration en surface. / We describe the use of surface segregation to functionalize the surface of polymeric materials. The incorporation of an additive (amphiphilic block copolymer) in a homopolymer host initially leads to its homogeneous distribution within the matrix. When annealed, directed by the decrease of the surface free energy, the surface is enriched on the additive. In our laboratory, polystyrene thin films and particles were functionalized by following this approach. We employed amphiphilic block copolymers composed of one PS block to compatibilize with the homopolymer matrix, and a second block which will bring the desired function at the surface. Thus, PS-b-poly(acrylic acid), PS-b-poly(L-glutamic acid) or PS-b-poly(L-Lysine) afford pH sensitivity and PS-b-poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) gives pH and thermo sensitivity. Contact angle measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, zeta potential measurement or scanning electron microscopy were carried out to characterize the materials and their responsive behavior.
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Synthèse et caractérisation de copolymères diblocs amphiphiles thermo- et CO2-stimulables / Synthesis and characterization of thermo- and CO2-responsive amphiphilic diblock copolymersLespes, Aurélie 16 December 2015 (has links)
L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier la synthèse et les propriétés d’auto-assemblage en milieu aqueux de copolymères « intelligents » capables de former des agrégats supramoléculaires en réponse à deux stimuli : la température du milieu et la présence de dioxyde de carbone (CO2). Pour cela, une gamme de copolymères diblocs amphiphiles composés d’un bloc hydrophile d’acrylate de polyethylèneglycol méthyléther) (PEGA) et d’un bloc stimulable contenant une distribution statistique d’unités PEGA et acrylate de diéthlèneglycol éthyléther (DEGA) (thermosensibles) et acrylate de diéthylaminoéthyle DEAEA (CO2-sensible), a été préparée par polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par les nitroxydes (NMP). Dans un second temps, il a été mis en évidence que la température ainsi que la présence de CO2 dans la solution influencent le comportement auto-associatif des copolymères dans l’eau. Par la suite, le bloc hydrophile a été remplacé par une séquence de dextrane, ce qui a permis de préparer de nouveaux copolymères diblocs fonctionnels, stimulables par la température et le CO2. Dans ce cas, deux techniques de polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée (NMP et ATRP) ont été testées afin d’obtenir les copolymères possédant l’architecture la mieux définie possible. / This project aims to investigate the synthesis and properties of dual stimuli-responsive block copolymers able to self-assemble into supramolecular aggregates in response to two stimuli: the temperature and the presence of carbon dioxide in the aqueous solution. Therefore, a range of amphiphilic diblock copolymers composed of a hydrophilic block of polyethylene glycol methylether acrylate (PEGA) and a statistical block of PEGA, diethylene glycol ethyl ether acrylate (DEGA) and diethylaminoethyl acrylate (DEAEA) was prepared via nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) and the level of control of each synthesis was studied. We evidenced that temperature and CO2 play a different role in the self-assembly of such block copolymers. Finally, the introduction of dextrane as hydrophilic block coming from renewable resources allows for the preparation of novel “smart” amphiphilic diblock copolymers. In order to synthesize these block copolymers with well-defined structure, both NMP and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) were investigated in parallel.
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Organisation de nanoparticules métalliques assistée par nanostructuration de films minces de polymère à la paroi, et étude de leurs propriétés physiques / Control of spatial organization of metallic nanoparticles assisted by nanostructuration of polymeric thin coatings deposited on the surface and investigation of their physical propertiesRajab, Mohammad 28 June 2013 (has links)
Le domaine des nanotechnologies représente la thématique de recherche la plus importante de ce début de 21ème siècle. L’enjeu, bien que apparemment simple est de taille : réaliser des objets ou des structures fonctionnelles, les plus petits possibles et ce de manière reproductible, i.e. en maîtrisant leur taille, leur position. S’inscrivant dans cette problématique, ce travail de thèse porte sur le développement d’une technique originale d’assemblage dirigé de nanostructures à partir de particules d’or et d’argent sous forme de nanofils, nanocristaux, nanoanneaux et nanodisques sur des substrats rigides. Cette technique s’appuie sur une méthode purement chimique reconnue et basée sur la réduction colloïdale in situ de sels métalliques sur une surface. L’organisation bi ou tridimensionnelle de ces nanoparticules métalliques est, de plus, induite par une préstructuration du substrat réalisée par le dépôt d’un film mince de copolymères diblocs. En effet, l’auto-assemblage de films minces de copolymère permet de réaliser, par micro-séparation de phase à la paroi, un réseau bidimensionnel hexagonal de cylindres verticaux. La suppression d’une des phases du système permet de générer alors un film organique nanoporeux organisé sur le substrat qui va servir de masque et permettre d’assembler des nanoparticules métalliques lors d’une seconde étape. L’initiation du dépôt de nanoparticules métalliques dans les pores du masque a été réalisée sous ultravide en épitaxie par jets moléculaires ou par voie colloïdale en solution. La croissance finale (complète) des cristaux métalliques d’argent a été poursuivie enfin par voie colloïdale en solution. Les propriétés spectroscopiques, de mouillage et électrochimiques des structures nanoparticulaires étudiées dans ce travail ont été directement corrélées aux morphologies cristallines de surface. Une des perspectives de ce travail préliminaire est el développement d’une plateforme MEMS générique pour la détection de traces de plusieurs types de molécules (volatiles et réfractaires) par voie électrochimique. / Nanotechnology became one of the most important research field of the 21st century. Though seemingly simple, the challenge is huge: achieving the formation of the smallest objects or functional structures (in a reproducible manner) and being able to control acurately their sizes and positions, as well. Answering these demands, this thesis deals with the development of a novel technique focusing on the directed growth and assembly of metallic nanostructures onto rigid substrates. First, the combination of phase separation of a block copolymer leading to the formation of nanopores, and gold nanocolloids synthesis confined in the nanoholes, has allowed the facile fabrication of hexagonally arranged gold nanoparticles onto silicon wafer. Then, the in situ reduction of colloidal silver salts has lead to the selective growth of metallic crystals onto the rigid prepatterned substrate. The control of both the physical parameters of the patterning and the chemical synthesis ones has induced the formation of various microstructures metallic morphologies ranging from nanowires, nanocrystals, nanorings and nanodisks. Spectroscopic properties, wetting and electrochemical these nanoparticles structures were finally investigated and directly correlated with crystal surface morphologies. One of the perspectives of this preliminary work is the development of a MEMS generic platform allowing the electrochemical detection of trace of molecules (volatile or refractory).
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Morphology and Thermal Behavior of Single Crystals of Polystyrene-Poly(ethylene oxide) Block CopolymersHamie, Houssam 26 April 2010 (has links) (PDF)
In the present work, we have undertaken a structural study of PS-b-PEO single crystals to elucidate the influence of the state of the PS block on crystallization from dilute solution and on subsequent thermal annealing at elevated temperature. It is noteworthy that the interest in these systems has been recently renewed in the perspective of using them as a model of grafted amorphous brushes with variable grafting density. Indeed, during crystallization of PEO, the amorphous block, i.e. PS, is rejected from the crystal accumulating on its basal surfaces. Since the crystal thickness formed during isothermal crystallization is a sharply selected value, the grafting density of the resulting PS brush is also well defined. Therefore by varying the crystal thickness one can obtain the PS brushes with grafting density varying in a broad range.In our study, a combination of reciprocal and direct-space techniques such as SAXS/WAXS and AFM was employed. While AFM experiments were performed on isolated single crystals, the SAXS investigation was carried out on oriented mats of single crystals slowly sedimented from the "mother" solution. In this case, the one-dimensional two-phase system model was used for the data interpretation where the thickness of the amorphous (La) and crystalline (Lc) layers are conventionally determined following the correlation fonction and interface distribution fonction approaches.
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Etude de l’auto-organisation du copolymère dibloc biosourcé hautement incompatible : Maltoheptaose-b-Polystyrène / Study of the self-assembly process of the high incompatible sugar-based diblock copolymer : Maltoheptaose-b-PolystyreneTallegas, Salomé 03 April 2015 (has links)
Dans un contexte de miniaturisation à l’extrème des composants électroniques, les copolymères àblocs apportent une réponse technologique alternative aux procédés conventionnels destructuration des matériaux par lithographie. Parmi les défis à relever, l’obtention de systèmes decopolymères suffisamment résolus demeure un élément essentiel pour que cette technique puisseoffrir une réelle alternative pour la lithographie sub-20 nm. Nous montrons au travers del’exemple du maltoheptaose-b-polystyène (MH-b-PS) que les copolymères biosourcés ont lacapacité d’atteindre une résolution sub-10 nm grâce à l’association d’un bloc hydrophile(l’oligosaccharide) et d’un bloc hydrophobe (le polystyrène). Les études par AFM, SAXS etGISAXS réalisées sur les films de MH-b-PS ont permis de montrer que le recuit sous vapeur desolvant est plus efficace que le recuit thermique pour organiser ce type de copolymère, composéd’un bloc sensible à la dégradation thermique. Ensuite, une étude inédite du recuit sous vapeur desolvant par QCM-D (Micro-balance à quartz avec mesure de dissipation) a été présentée et adémontré la capacité de cette technique à caractériser la quantité de solvant absorbée par le filmau cours du traitement ainsi que l’évolution de la viscoélasticité du film permettant ainsi d’obtenirdes informations indispensables à la compréhension du mode d’action du recuit sous vapeur desolvant. Finalement, l’étude en solution de ce copolymère ainsi que l’impact de la longueur deschaines des deux blocs sur la morphologie des films auto-organisés permettra de mieuxcomprendre à l’échelle de la chaine de polymère le comportement spécifique du MH-b-PS. / The constant desire of size reduction in nanoelectronic leads to develop processes, able to patternmaterials at the sub-10 nm scale. In this context, self-assembling block copolymers are promisingmaterials offering an alternative method to conventional lithography techniques. Currently, one ofthe major challenges in this field is to find copolymers that could address sub-10 nm pattern sizein order to provide a competitive process. In this thesis, we studied the maltoheptaose-bpolystyrene(MH-b-PS) and we showed that these kinds of sugar-based copolymers are able toself-assemble on a sub-10 nm scale thanks to the combination of a hydrophilic block (sugar) and ahydrophobic block (polystyrene). The AFM, SAXS and GISAXS studies realized on the MH-b-PS films showed that for this kind of copolymer whose one of the block is easily degraded withtemperature, the solvent annealing is more efficient than the thermal annealing to self-assemblethe copolymer. Then, an original study of the solvent annealing by QCM-D (Quartz crystalmicrobalance with dissipation monitoring) evidenced that this technique is able to characterize theviscoelasticity of the film and the amount of solvent absorbed by the copolymer during the solventtreatment. These useful measurements allowed to improve our understanding of the poorly knownsolvent annealing mechanism. To finish, we performed a study of the copolymer in solution and astudy of the impact of the chain length on the morphology of the film and were able to highlightthe specific behavior of this copolymer at the level of the polymer chain.
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Synthèse et études de l'auto-assemblage en solution de diblocs amphiphiles à base de xyloglucanes et application pour la stabilisation de protéines / Synthesis and self-assembly properties in solution of amphiphilic xyloglucan-based block copolymer and their use as protein stabilizer.Gauche, Cony 22 April 2013 (has links)
Ce travail décrit une nouvelle route synthétique qui a pour objectif l'obtention de diblocs amphiphiles constitués uniquement d'oligosaccharides issus de xyloglucanes des graines de Tamarin. Les xylogluco-oligosaccharides (XGOs, DP7, 8, 9) de tailles parfaitement définies ont été obtenus par une digestion enzymatique contrôlée (cellulase) de xyloglucanes. Dans la perspective de lier les deux blocs par cycloaddition 1,3-dipolaire de Huisgen catalysée par le Cuivre I, dite aussi chimie « click », les XGOs ont subit une réaction d'amination réductrice assistée par micro-ondes. L'action de la propargylamine a permis d'intégrer en position réductrice du XGO la fonction alcyne et une peracétylation des focntions hydroxyles du sucre ont rendu ce bloc hydrophobe. D'un autre côté, l'azidoethylamine a permis d'insérer la fonction azoture et constitue le bloc hydrophile. Cette stratégie de synthèse a également été transposée à un oligosaccharide monodisperse (XGO, DP7) provenant de la dégalactosylation enzymatique du xyloglucane par l'action supplémentaire de la galactosidase d'Aspergillus Niger. Finalement, les diblocs amphiphilies ont été synthétisé aussi bien à partir des XGOs de DP7, 8, 9 (XGO-b-XGO,Ac), que du XGO DP7 (DP7-b-DP7,Ac). Leurs propriétés d'auto-assemblages dans l'eau ont été réalisées ainsi que leur caractérisation physico-chimique. Suite à des mesures de concentration micellaire critique (CMC) obtenus par spectroscopie de fluorescence du pyrène, nous avons observé que l'élimination des unités de galactose provoque une augmentation de la CMC. La détermination du diamètre des micelles en solution aqueuse a été réalisée grâce à la technique de diffusion de la lumière (DLS) et a été confirmée par microscopie électronique à transmission (MET). Des micelles sphériques d'une taille moyenne de 25 nm (XGO-b-XGO,Ac) et de 6 nm (DP7-b-DP7,Ac) ont été observées au MET. La digestion enzymatique partielle des micelles formés à partir du dibloc XGO-b-XGO,Ac dans l'eau, conduisant à la formation des micelles DP7-b-XGO,Ac a conduit à un système moins polydisperse et à une diminution de la taille moyenne du diamètre micellaire de l'ordre de 50% (déterminée par DLS). Des nanoparticules de gliadine et de zéine ont été préparées par désolvatation en utilisant le dibloc XGO-b-XGO,Ac comme surfactant en comparaison au surfactant commercial non-ionique, le Pluronic F68. Les résultats suggèrent la capacité du dibloc à stabiliser la protéine de zéine sous forme de nanoparticules sphériques et de façon relativement monodisperses. Les particules formées et stabilisées grâce à l'association de protéines d'origine végétale et d'un surfactant « biopolymérique » synthétisé uniquement par des oligosaccharides, apparaissent comme des systèmes idéaux, associant biocompatibilité, biodégradabilité et des origines naturelles et renouvelables. Ces systèmes peuvent tout à fait être valorisés pour la libération contrôlée de substances actives. / This work describes a new synthetic route to obtain fully oligosaccharides-based amphiphilic diblock copolymers, made from tamarind seeds xyloglucan. A mixture of well size-defined xyloglucooligosaccharides (XGO of 7, 8 and 9 carbohydrate units) were obtained from the cellulose-mediated enzymatic digestion of xyloglucanes. To perform the Huisgen click reaction the oligosaccharides were reducing end functionalized by azide and propargyl functions via microwave-catalyzed reductive amination. The hydrophobic block was obtained after peracetylation of alkyne-containing XGO. The amphiphilic co-oligomers were synthesized either from the mixture of xyloglucan oligosaccharides to give XGO-b-XGO,Ac, either from the monodisperse XGO of 7 carbohydrate units (DP7), obtained by a degalactosylation process involving another specific enzymatic hydrolysis (beta-galactosidase from Aspergillus Niger), to give DP7-b-DP7,Ac. The XGO-based diblocks were characterized according to the state-of-the-art in structural characterization (NMR, MS, FT-IR) and Soft Matter physico-chemistry (SLS, DLS, CMC, TEM) techniques. The removal of galactose units (DP7-b-DP7,Ac) conferred an increase in the critical micellar concentration value compared to XGO-b-XGO,Ac, which were determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. The size diameter of the micelles were carried out by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Spherical micelles with an average size of 25 nm for XGO-b-XGO,Ac and 6 nm DP7-b-DP7,Ac nanoparticles were observed by TEM. The partial enzymatic digestion of the shell constituting XGO-b-XGO,Ac micelles in water led to formation of DP7-b-XGO,Ac micelles with a lowest polydispersity and a decrease in the average size diameter by 50 %, as determined by DLS. XGO-b-XGO,Ac was tested as a nonionic block copolymer surfactant to stabilize zein and gliadin nanoparticles, which come from gluten of wheat and maize and were prepared by the method of desolvation. Its stabilizing properties were compared to Pluronic F68 surfactant belonging to poloxamers' family. The results suggest the suitability of the XGO-based diblock to stabilize zein aggregates, resulting in stable, monodisperse and spherical nanoparticles. Finally, this work proposed a system consisting in potential nanocarriers prepared from vegetable proteins stabilized by biosourced oligosaccharide surfactants.
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Modeling Hydrogen-Bonding in Diblock Copolymer/Homopolymer BlendsDehghan, Kooshkghazi Ashkan 10 1900 (has links)
<p>The phase behavior of AB diblock copolymers mixed with C homopolymers (AB/C), in which A and C are capable of forming hydrogen-bonds, is examined using self-consistent field theory. The study focuses on the modeling of hydrogen-bonding in polymers. Specifically, we examine two models for the formation of hydrogen-bonds between polymer chains. The first commonly used model assumes a large attractive interaction parameter between the A/C monomers. This model reproduces correct phase transition sequences as compared with experiments, but it fails to correctly describe the change of lamellar spacing induced by the addition of the C homopolymers. The second model is based on the fact that hydrogen-bonding leads to A/C complexation. We show that the interpolymer complexation model predicts correctly the order-order phase transition sequences and the decrease of lamellar spacing for strong hydrogen-bonding. Our analysis demonstrates that hydrogen-bonding of polymers should be modeled by interpolymer complexation.</p> / Master of Science (MSc)
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Μελέτη της προσρόφησης πολυμερών σε πορώδη υλικάΜαγιάφα, Μαρία 04 February 2014 (has links)
Στην εργασία αυτή μελετήθηκε o ρυθμός ροής υδατικών διαλυμάτων, σε διάφορα pH περιβάλλοντος, διαμέσου ενός νανοπορώδους υλικού τροποποιημένου με πολυμερικές ψήκτρες. Ειδικότερα, ερευνήθηκε το σύστημα του σύνθετου υλικού πορώδους ανοδικής αλουμίνας με πολυμερικές ψήκτρες του γραμμικού δισυσταδικού συμπολυμερούς πολύ(Ισοπρένιου)–b–πολυ(Ακρυλικού Οξέους) (ΙΑΟ).
Η προσρόφηση καθώς και η κινητική προσρόφησης του IAO στο νανοπορώδες υλικό διερευνήθηκε κυρίως μέσω τεχνικών δονητικής φασματοσκοπίας. Πιο συγκεκριμένα με τεχνικές υπερύθρου μετασχηματισμού κατά Φουριέ (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ή FT-IR), εγγύ υπερύθρου (N-IR) και Αποσβεννύμενη Ολική Ανάκλαση στο μέσο υπέρυθρο (ATR-IR). Ακόμη, με σκοπό την ποσοτικοποίηση της προσροφημένης ποσότητας του ΙΑΟ εφαρμόστηκε η τεχνική της θερμοσταθμικής ανάλυσης (TGA). Τέλος, για την απόκτηση μιας λεπτομερούς εικόνας σχετικά με τη δομή του σύνθετου νανο-πορώδους υλικού τα δείγματα χαρακτηρίστηκαν και με ηλεκτρονική μικροσκοπία (SEM/EDS). / In the present study the flow rate of aqueous solutions of different pH values through a nanoporous material functionalized with polymeric brushes was investigated using spectroscopic and thermogravimetric methods. In particular, the system under study was a composite material of porous anodic alumina with polymeric brushes of the diblock copolymer poly(Isoprene)–b–poly(Acrylic Acid) (IAO).
The adsorption and adsorption kinetics of the IAO onto nanoporous alumina were explored mainly through techniques of vibrational spectroscopy. More specifically Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Near Infrared (N-IR) and Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR-IR) were employed for this purpose. Moreover, for the quantification of the adsorbed amount of IAO, thermogravimetric analysis was applied (TGA). Finally, to obtain a comprehensive picture of the structure of the nanoporous composite materials used in this study, samples were additionally characterized by electron microscopy (SEM/EDS).
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