published_or_final_version / abstract / Linguistics / Master / Master of Philosophy

Chapter one of this thesis is an overview and evaluation of a number of English language Bible dictionaries. It is followed by a similar evaluation of Greek and Hebrew dictionaries commonly used by Bible scholars. Chapter two is a somewhat thoroughinvestigation and evaluation ofBauer-ArndtGingrich- Danker Greek lexicon, an extremely influential traditional Greek language dictionary. It is followed by an in-depth discussion and evaluation in chapters three and four ofthe new Louw-Nida Greek lexicon based on semantic domains. Both of these two types of dictionaries are examined and evaluated in terms of discovering, describing, and evaluating their distinctive philosophies, methods, and structural formats. Generally, preference is given to the principles ofLouw; yet affirming some elements of Bauer which have been discarded in the new approach by Louw-Nida. Chapter five is a new suggested synthesis for New Testament lexicons: Bauer's traditional structure mixed with the innovative underlying philosophies and methods ofLouw-Nida's lexicon. This proposed new format is also illustrated in various addenda. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M. Th. (Biblical Studies)

Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Dissertation (DLitt)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Chapter one of this thesis is an overview and evaluation of a number of English language Bible dictionaries. It is followed by a similar evaluation of Greek and Hebrew dictionaries commonly used by Bible scholars. Chapter two is a somewhat thoroughinvestigation and evaluation ofBauer-ArndtGingrich- Danker Greek lexicon, an extremely influential traditional Greek language dictionary. It is followed by an in-depth discussion and evaluation in chapters three and four ofthe new Louw-Nida Greek lexicon based on semantic domains. Both of these two types of dictionaries are examined and evaluated in terms of discovering, describing, and evaluating their distinctive philosophies, methods, and structural formats. Generally, preference is given to the principles ofLouw; yet affirming some elements of Bauer which have been discarded in the new approach by Louw-Nida. Chapter five is a new suggested synthesis for New Testament lexicons: Bauer's traditional structure mixed with the innovative underlying philosophies and methods ofLouw-Nida's lexicon. This proposed new format is also illustrated in various addenda. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M. Th. (Biblical Studies)

Orientador: Claudia Maria Xatara / Banca: John Robert Schmitz / Banca: Bento Carlos Dias da Silva / Banca: Claudia Zavaglia / Banca: Douglas Altamiro Consolo / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar parâmetros que possam ser utilizados para orientar melhorias e inovações lexicográficas, a fim de atender as dificuldades dos brasileiros na codificação escrita em línguas estrangeiras. Revisam-se criticamente várias pesquisas, em busca de subsídios que contribuam para diagnosticar as dificuldades de escrever em língua estrangeira, dentre elas os trabalhos produzidos por teóricos da Lexicografia, as pesquisas sobre o uso do dicionário e estudos sobre corpus de aprendizes. Realiza-se, também, uma pesquisa empírica sobre o uso dos dicionários na codificação a fim de complementar, com dados primários, as informações obtidas nas demais fontes. Uma vez conhecidas as necessidades dos usuários de dicionários, analisam-se as obras lexicográficas que expressam o propósito de auxiliar a produção em língua estrangeira. Nessa análise, verifica-se em que medida as necessidades identificadas são atendidas e como são atendidas. Chegase, assim, à conclusão de que algumas das dificuldades solucionáveis por meio da consulta ao dicionário já são satisfatoriamente atendidas pelas obras disponíveis, embora seja oportuno otimizar o acesso dos usuários às informações. Há necessidades, porém, que não são atendidas pelos dicionários ou são atendidas apenas parcialmente. A principal delas é a busca de equivalentes para itens lexicais do português. Há carência de dicionários bilíngües na direção português línguas estrangeiras que possuam, principalmente, a grande maioria dos sentidos e as colocações mais recorrentes de cada item lexical do português, além de ampla exemplificação do uso dos equivalentes em línguas estrangeiras. Para elaborar esses dicionários, o primeiro passo é definir uma nomenclatura que tome por base o léxico ativo do português do Brasil, incluindo lexias simples e complexas, com suas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This work aims at presenting useful parameters for lexicographical improvements and innovations that meet encoding difficulties of Brazilian dictionary users. A critical review of lexicographers' works, and researches on second language writing, productive dictionary use, and learner's corpus, contributes to diagnose the problem of foreign language encoding. Also, an empirical research about dictionary use in encoding activities completes with primary data the information obtained from secondary sources. After identifying what dictionary users need, this work presents an analysis of five dictionaries which expressly mention their purpose to help users to write in a foreign language. Such analysis tries to measure to what extent, and how, users' needs are satisfied. The conclusion is that reference works are able to solve some of learners' difficulties, although it is desirable to improve the ways users retrieve information from them. However, there are some needs not met by dictionaries or only partially met. The major of them is the search for equivalents in foreign languages that correspond to Portuguese lexical items. There is a lack of bilingual dictionaries Portuguese-foreign language that present, specially, every meaning and recurrent collocations for Portuguese lexical items, besides examples of equivalents use in foreign language. To compile such dictionaries, the first step is to define a word-list based on Brazilian Portuguese active vocabulary, including simple and complex lexical units with all their respective senses. Then, it is suggested to find equivalents in foreign language with examples that illustrate pedagogically their use. For this work, results from other projects may be reused, such as semantic networks, collocation extraction, Brazilian learners corpus, and parallel corpora of Brazilian Portuguese and foreign languages. / Doutor

The aim of this thesis is to describe how corpus-based Setswana dictionaries should be compiled. The challenge to the modern Setswana lexicographer is to compile very practical descriptive and user-friendly dictionaries. A detailed evaluation of existing Setswana dictionaries will be performed in terms of the macrostructural and microstructural aspects: <ul><li> Coverage of frequently used words. </li><li> Effective use of dictionary space. </li><li> Use of standard dictionary conventions. </li><li> Choice, ordering and composition of translation equivalent paradigms. </li></ul> The focus will be on material collection and corpus building. Informants will be used to compile an oral corpus of 100,000 tokens. All ethical requirements such as informed consent requirements (See Appendix 1) will be honoured. Since the text corpus is an organic corpus, thus not a designed corpus aimed at balance and representativeness, the oral corpus will be constructed in the same way i.e. only basic selection criteria: <ul><li> Mother tongue speakers of Setswana. </li><li> Adults (to be on a par with authors of the written sources in the text corpus). Age: ranging from 20-60 years. </li><li> Male and female. </li></ul> Critical analysis of all currently available Setswana dictionaries will be done with special reference to the dictionaries of Brown (1987) (SESD), Snyman, et al. (1990), Matumo (1993).(MSED), Kgasa (1976) (THAND) and Kgasa and Tsonope (1995).(THAN) In all these cases the strategy would be in terms of the theoretical criteria and best practices in terms of a broad theoretical survey of core aspects of dictionary compilation. Finally, the study will be concluded with an analysis of corpus integrity and stability of Setswana corpora based on the model introduced by Prinsloo and De Schryver (2001a). / Thesis (DLitt)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / African Languages / Unrestricted

Thesis (M.A. (Translation Studies)) --University of Limpopo, 2012 / This study focuses on aspects that form part of the reasons of not having complete bidirectional bilingual dictionaries and to find solutions to those problems. The following dictionaries have been evaluated in this study: Oxford Pukuntšu ya Sekolo School Dictionary (2010), Pharos Popular Northern Sotho Dictionary (2007 & 2009) and Sesotho sa Leboa/English Pukuntšu Dictionary (2006). Most African bilingual dictionaries which are supposed to be bidirectional are not because reversibility is not applied thoroughly. This study focuses on checking how Northern Sotho-English bilingual dictionaries apply the reversibility principle. When evaluating bilingual dictionaries it comes to light that there are a lot of errors that lexicographers commit and these errors negatively affect the process of compiling complete user-friendly bidirectional dictionaries. Having user-friendly bidirectional bilingual dictionaries is very important because dictionaries help different language speakers to learn each other’s language.

Thesis (M. A. (Translation and Linguistics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2020 / The purpose of this study was to analyse contextual guidance in selected Sepedi-English dictionaries. It analysed different issues related to the manner in which contextual guidance is presented in the selected Sepedi-English dictionaries. Firstly, it looked at how the relationship between the headword and the translation can positively or negatively affect the presentation of contextual guidance. Also, it focused on the presentation of structural markers and how they contribute to contextual guidance which is not well presented. It then looked at the manner in which the dictionary compilers could present the lexical items in accordance with microstructural aspects. Lastly it focused on the need and manner in which microstructural aspects could make the dictionary user-friendly with the usage of pictorials as other means of contextual guidance assistance to the target users. The researcher has separated and allocated the lexical items according to themes and contexts. The researcher discovered that there is a need for user-friendly dictionaries which consist of contextual guidance which has a relationship with the lexical item. That will assist the target users to understand how the translation equivalent could be used

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