This diploma thesis deals with the use of arranging plants in class at elementary schools. The theoretic part explains basic terms related to the floristy and gives some basic information on materials, tools and plant materials. Next chapters deal with characteristics of plants materials used in school lessons and brief characteristic styles of arranging. Next chapters are important because they deal with the creativity and esthetics and show the influence on students development. The pratical part uses the science didactis tests to find how effective the work of a teacher and teacher´s learning at an elementary school can be.

The thesis is about the issue of inclusion regional history into teaching at the second grade of elementary school. It is focused on didactic value of regional history and geography of local region, needs of cooperation between school and local community and possibility of cooperation between history and geography in studying regional topics. Example of studying regional history is shown at the area of Uhlířské Janovice. There is a closer look at this region from historical and geographical point of view. The thesis includes the list of literature and other sources which may be used to get more information about this region. It also contains results of empirical investigation, which discover the degree of regional identity of population of Uhlířské Janovice area. The final part of the thesis suggests methodological materials focused on teaching regional topics, which are based on facts of Uhlířské Janovice area.

L’enseignement et l’apprentissage de l’écriture est un sujet très discuté mais on parle moins d’autres formes de représentation permettant de véhiculer aussi des savoirs. Lorsque l’individu apprend à représenter (créer et/ou se servir de la représentation) il peut s’approprier un outil indispensable pour construire une pensée critique, accéder aux savoirs institués et résoudre ses problèmes.Nous étudions le cas, à l’école maternelle, d’une mise en œuvre renouvelée de l’ingénierie didactique le « jeu des trésors » (Brousseau, 2004) au sein d’une ingénierie coopérative à l’ESPE de Bretagne.Cette étude longitudinale s’appuie notamment sur des séquences de vidéo. Nous décrivons la façon dont des élèves de cinq ans apprennent, sur une durée de huit mois , à construire et développer des pratiques de production et de déchiffrage des représentations, orales et graphiques, dans un contexte de communication, et à ajuster et à coordonner leurs actions avec celles d’autrui en vue d’aboutir à résoudre en commun le problème posé. Nous reconstruisons la généalogie didactique de leurs pratiques pour répondre à la question : « comment et dans quelles circonstances leurs pratiques ont-elles été apprises ? ». Ici, le rôle du professeur est essentiel. Il agit sur la construction d’un arrière-plan contractuel, associé au processus de représentation, donnant un cadre de repères qui façonne la perception des élèves.Nos outils sont issus du jeu didactique (dialectiques contrat didactique/milieu ; réticence/expression), et nous explorons la dimension affective de ce modèle au sein de la théorie de l’action conjointe en didactique. / Teaching and learning how to write is a heavily discussed topic but discussion is not so frequent when it comes to other forms of representation conveying knowledge as well. When individuals learn how to represent (that is, how to create and/or make use of representation), they can appropriate an essential tool to build critical thought, get into institued knowledge and solve their problems.We are studying the case of a renewed implementation of didactic engineering called « The treasure game » (Brousseau, 2004), within cooperative engineering at the ESPE in Brittany.This longitudinal study notably leans upon video sequences. We describe how pupils aged five, on an eight months period, learn to build and develop practices of production an d deciphering representations, both oral and graphic, in a context of communication. We describe also how they adjust and coordinate their actions with other pupils’, so as to solve a problem in common. We reconstruct the didactic genealogy of their practices in order to answer the following question : « How and in what circumstances have they learnt their practices ? ». There, the teacher’s part is essential. He/She will act upon the construction of a contractual background, associated with the process of representation, providing a framework meant to shape the pupils’perception.Our tools take their roots in the theoretical framework of didactic game ( dialectics didactic contract/ milieu ; reluctance/expression), and we explore the affective dimension of this framework within the Joint Action Theory in Didactics.

Diploma work is aimed at didactis of healtheducation at primary school. The first theoretic part is intent on analyse of bibliography. The attention is pay to subject matter of healtheducation. The characteristics of younger pupillage and characteristics of educational methods are components too. The second part is intent on comparasion of girls and boys and their acquirement of subject matter of healtheducation and comparasion of girls and boys and playing display games. Comparison was performed on questionnaire. Obtained data were percentage evaluationed. The elaboration of didactis of healtheducation at primary school is important part of second part.

The diploma thesis will be devoted to the principles of market economy and its teaching in Civics classes at primary school. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part introduces the basic principles of market economy, explains the concepts of market, market mechanism, supply, demand, competition, monopoly, price and profit, including the interrelationships. The following is an insight to the curriculum and the theory of didactics. At the end of the theoretical part, space is set aside for introduction to the basic issues of teaching economic topics at primary school. In the practical part I present project teaching, a didactic analysis of the principles of market economy is performed, a teaching unit was designed and evaluated, which was implemented at the primary school and kindergarten Kralupy nad Vltavou, Třebízského 523. The diploma thesis is ended with self-evaluation.

This diploma thesis focuses on the teaching of foreign languages, specifically the French language of pupils and students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Primary and Secondary schools in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to present general recommendations for work with pupils and students with ASD, suitable forms of lesson planning, possible complications and optimal form of cooperation with an assistant teacher. It focuses on description and definition of autism spectrum disorders, especially Asperger syndrome. A significant part is devoted to typical manifestations during adolescence and resolving challenging situations that may occur in education in connection with these disorders. The following part is devoted to communication and difficulties, which manifests in pupils with ASD mainly during social interaction. The practical part of the thesis examines current training of foreign language teachers, their readiness to work with pupils with ASD and analyzes teachers 'experience and methods of work with a focus on perception of differences in approach. A qualitative questionnaire survey was used as a research method. When selecting respondents, the main criterion was the experience with foreign language teaching of a pupil with ASD in secondary school. The questions were chosen...

The diploma work is focused on the conception of regional history teaching in the city of Příbram. It brings an up-to-date view on regional history seen through didactis and tries to show contemporary condition in the regional historical research. The whole work is divided into three big parts. The first one is aimed on the term region, on its meaning and understanding. Further it maps significant regional historians and researchers, it briefly draws near their work and makes us familiar with important personalities of Příbram regional research. It also deals with the history of the town Příbram and its closest surroundings. Data obtained from an empirical research, which was taken at seven high schools in Příbram where history as a subject is taught in final exams branches classes, are elaborated in the second part of the work. The found out facts about the state of regional history in history teaching are then compared with the former aims and hypothesis. The third part is focused on certain methodical possibilities of taking advantage of regional history in history teaching at high schools. Two proposals for project teaching methods which might be used in lectures by the teachers are presented.

Cette thèse se propose d’étudier l’exploitation des documents authentiques dans le cadre de l’enseignement/apprentissage du français langue étrangère à des publics chinois dans une perspective interculturelle. Nous avons d’abord essayé de comprendre l’émergence et l’imposition d’une approche interculturelle au sein de la didactique du F.L.E. en traçant l’évolution historique des méthodologies universalistes des langues étrangères, et d’étudier les rôles que jouent des documents authentiques dans l’enseignement des langues étrangères, en vue de développer une compétence de communication interculturelle. Ensuite, nous avons tenté de justifier notre étude à partir d’une recherche empirique reposant d’une part sur une présentation-analyse de la situation actuelle de l’enseignement du F.L.E. en Chine (l’enseignement universitaire) et d’autre part sur une enquête menée auprès des apprenants et des enseignants. Enfin, nous avons abordé l’impact des documents authentiques comme outil didactique pour une approche interculturelle de l’enseignement/apprentissage du français à travers d’une expérience d’enseignement mené dans une université chinoise pendant un semestre universitaire. / This thesis proposes to study the use of authentic documents in the teaching/learning of F.L.E. (French as a foreign language) to Chinese students in an intercultural perspective. We first tried to understand the emergence and imposition of an intercultural approach in the didactic of F.L.E. today. We also studied the roles of authentic documents in the teaching of foreign languages in order to develop intercultural communication competence. We then tried to justify our study from an empirical research based firstly on a presentation-analysis of the current situation of the teaching of F.L.E. in China (the university) and secondly on a survey of learners and teachers. Finally, we discussed the impact of authentic materials as teaching tool for an intercultural approach to teaching/learning of French through a teaching experience conducted in a Chinese university for one academic semester.