Cellular prion protein (PrPC ) is a membrane bound glycoprotein. The protein is expressed in all vertebrates, mainly in the nervous system, but it is present also in the cells of gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow, germ cells and heart. PrPC is necessary for pathogenesis of prion diseases, which are deadly and without the possibility of therapy. The pathogenic isoform of prion protein is formed by changing of secondary structure of PrPC and it's the main constituent of infectious prion particles. Pathological form of prion protein accumulates in brain of infected patients and this process is associated with neurodegradation. Physiological function of PrPC is poorly understood. Knock-out of the PrPC gene (PRNP) is not connected with any noticeable phenotype. Potential functions of PrPC are dispersed, protein may have antiapoptotic effect, it can be involved in ions metabolism or in protection against oxidative stress. Latest results show, that PrPC can play important role in cell differentiation. During the differentiation PrPC can influence the development of cells and their typing. It could affect cell cycle and have an influence on formation of nervous system. Aim of the present study was to elucidate, whether the down-regulation of PrPC or infection with prions has an impact on differentiation of...

The work analyzes the development and salary differentiation in the Czech Republic and focuses on the wage differentials between men and women. It evaluates the impact of factors, which may influence salary, like age, education, work classification (KZAM) and region, where an employer works. Women labour market condition goes before the own analysis.

This diploma thesis aims at strategic strategic differentiation of two brands. The main goal of the thesis is to analyze the current marketing strategy of the brands that are competitive to each other in the category of white mold cheese. The brands have a common owner. They facing a continuous decline in market share. At the same time, the whole category of white mold cheese is growing. The thesis is divided into two parts.In the first part,there are described theoretical approaches of creating marketing strategy, brand management, brand differentiation and market segmentation. It contains various concepts of shaping marketing strategies and their realization. In the second part, there is an analysis of the brands, the market situation and the consumer behavior. In the final part, the author proposes recommendations of the future marketing strategy.

The objective of this thesis is to propose a business strategy that would result in sustainable competitive advantage for Trafin Oil, a.s. - a Czech company operating on the waste oil market. In order to accomplish the stated objective, extensive research has been performed into the existing body of literature on the subject. Frameworks for analysis of the competitive situation are presented and applied thoroughly in the practical part. Moreover, to better comprehend Trafin Oil, a.s. strategic position a customer survey was conducted and extensive interviewing took place. Based on the applied frameworks and the insights gathered throughout the research, the thesis delivers a strategy which rests on developing a unique strategic position and involves different sets of activities to deliver its value proposition. The strategy ought to guarantee higher collection stability and generate substantially higher profits.

Thanks to their ability to differentiate into variable cell types and migrate to the site of an injury mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are broadly used in regenerative medicine. Their relative easy availability together with the property to control the immune system determines them as a cure of autoimmune diseases or a recovery of wounded tissues. Similar features posses Sertoli cells which take place in the seminiferous tubule of testis. Cell culture of testicular stem cells from juvenile male testes of X. tropicalis (XtTSC) was established in supervisor's laboratory. This cell culture showing both MSC's and SeC's properties was transformed to carry red fluorescent protein RFP. The aim of this diploma thesis was to investigate an behavior of transformed XtTSC in living organism, therefore cells were transplanted into the X. tropicalis tadpoles in stage 41. Subsequently, their migration potential was explored. To study of XtTSC's differentiation potential it was necessary to introduce a reliable sectioning techniques for the subsequent immunohistochemical analysis. Based on our experiments, we found that the XtTSC's cell culture contains precursors of SeC and peri-tubular myoid cells, however in vivo these cells turned into the dedifferentiated MSC-like state allowing a strong migration through the...

Hematopoiesis is coordinated by a complex regulatory network of transcription factors among them PU.1 (Spi1, Sfpi1) and GATA-1 represent key molecules. GATA-1 and PU.1 bind each other on DNA to block each others transcriptional programs to prevent development of undesired lineage during hematopoietic commitment. Murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells, transformed erythroid precursors that are blocked from completing the late stages of erythroid differentiation, co-express GATA-1 and PU.1 and as my and others data document, are able to respond to molecular removal (down-regulation) of PU.1 or addition (up-regulation) of GATA-1 by inducing terminal erythroid differentiation. We provide novel evidence that downregulation of GATA-1 or upregulation of PU.1 induces incompletely differentiation into cell cycle arrested monocytic-like cells. Furthermore, PU.1- dependent transcriptome is negatively regulated by GATA-1 in MEL cells, including CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (Cebpa) and Core-binding factor, beta subunit (Cbfb) that encode additional key hematopoietic transcription factors. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assays identified PU.1 motif sequences near Cebpa and Cbfb that are co-occupied by PU.1 and GATA-1 in the leukemic blasts. Furthermore, transcriptional regulation of these loci by...

This thesis will deal with the technological differentiation for a specific territory of the forest administration Majdán. It summarizes the design of appropriate technologies for each Forrestpart with a choice of several possible technologies. This proposal is compared with the reality in order to verify the correctness of the technological differentiation. The comparison was made on the base of a multi-stage criterion. It was a comparison of technological variant, economic and normative variant and a comparison based on the executed timber harvests, which included also the evaluation of the appropriateness of the used technology. The Annex will contain the technological differentiation based on technological groups and collectively, for all technological groups.

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae when growing on solid medium forms structured colonies. During its development, two subpopulations of cells are formed, termed as U cells ("upper cells") and L cells ("lower cells"). This nomenclature derives from their position within the colony. These cells differ from each other considering their morphology, metabolism, physiology and are characterized by varying degrees of resistance to stress. This diploma thesis deals with new methodological approaches that can be used in further research of yeast differentiation. The first part deals with yeast differentiation and de-differentiation. In the experimental part, the development of mechanically mixed yeast colonies was monitored. The development was monitored in situ in the colony section using fluorescence and "wide-field" microscopy. The ability to de-differentiate of already specialized cells was evaluated mainly according to the nature of the expression of the fluorescently labeled protein Ato1p, which serves as a protein marker of U cells. The second part deals with the optogenetic system EL222 and its possible use in yeast. Many optogenetic tools have been described to control various cellular processes using light. One of these optogenetic tools is the EL222 system, which allows the induction of...

The conception of the primary school in the reform tendendency of the Czechoslovak Republic in the period of the 1st republic This dissertation should help to make a summary in the czech educational system, primarily at the primary school, in the period of the 1st republic. It compares the 1st republic educational system with todays situation in this topic during permanent reformatory efforts. I hope this dissertation will help for better orientation in the school reformatory movement in the period of the 1st republic and it will bring some useful food for thought about the contemporary situation in the pedagogical and educational field from the point of view of teacher.

Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) would be possible to induce by creating of a cell bioactive scaffold that mimic the properties of bone extracellular matrix (ECM). This induction will be not only due to the addition of osteogenic supplements, but also due to the addition of differentiation peptides. These peptides activate signaling pathways leading to cell differentiation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of selected peptides on adhesion, metabolic activity, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of porcine MSCs. Four peptides with amino acid sequences of DGEA, IAGVGGEKSGGF, GQGFSYPYKAVFSTQ and KIPKASSVPTELSAISTLYL were selected. These peptides were derived from receptor binding sequences of collagen I, collagen III, BMP-7 and BMP-2 respectively. Scaffolds were prepared from a biocompatible and biodegradable poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) polymer, suitable for cell cultivation. Cells were cultured on scaffolds for three weeks. Various concentration of differentiation peptides were added to the culture medium. As observed in the experiment of cells cultured in basal medium supplemented with differentiation peptides no effect on adhesion, proliferation or metabolic activity of porcine MSCs was observed. In groups treated with peptides derived from BMP-2...