Digitalization has in many ways transformed the value offering for companies in several industries. Now a days, most manufacturing companies face the challenge to understand how to form their business models to ensure that it reflects the real value of a digital solution. A company with a traditional structure will most probably struggle with today’s constant need of business model renewal, where the business models of today should be more flexible and adapted to long term opportunities. In this qualitative extensive case study, the authors aim is to further explore values created by digital solutions and digital transformation of business models in manufacturing companies.  The result includes a framework of the most prominent values created by digital solutions and how they affect the business models in manufacturing companies. The empirical findings show that developing a business ecosystem with the customer as provider of the data is key for digitally transforming the business model. The value of data facilitates the process of developing comprehensive product-service systems in order to provide values such as availability and proactive abilities.

In today's industry sector, it has become increasingly common for manufacturers to use digital systems to support their services. Companies that do not respond to this development risk being threatened as competitors can offer more responsive and customized offers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of digital solutions among manufacturing industries in Sweden. The study also aims to investigate whether there is any link between the utilization of digital solutions and the total turnover in year 2017. The German research institute Franunhofer ISI has carried out a survey of manufacturing industries in Europe. This survey is called EMS and stands for European Manufacturing Survey. The study is based on the answers from manufacturing industries in Sweden and is the empirical data in the study. To answer the study's questions, the SPSS program was used. SPSS is a digital computer program that analyzes statistics. Two ANOVA tests were conducted to see whether there is a link between the level of use of digital solutions and the total turnover of businesses in year 2017. In the second test the utilization of digital solutions and type of manufacturing industry were compared. A test for pairs of observations is also carried out to see if there is a link between the different solutions. The result indicated that IT systems for controlling/planning production (as part of business systems or separate systems) are the most widely used digital solution among all manufacturing industries in Sweden. It appeared that there are three digital solutions that link the total turnover of industries in year 2017 and the level of use of digital solutions.

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Dieser Beitrag beschreibt ein einfaches Vorgehen für das Sammeln, Dokumentieren und Strukturieren von unstrukturiertem, teilweise nur implizit vorhandenem Wissen über mögliche Konstruktionslösungen aus einem speziellen Anwendungsbereich. Dabei wird ein agiler, auf Wissensgraphen basierender Ansatz verfolgt. Kurzbeschreibungen von Konstruktionsprinzipien werden als Lösungsbausteine ungeordnet in einem digitalen Lösungsspeicher abgelegt und dann über Beziehungen miteinander verknüpft. Ergänzend werden Beziehungen der Bausteine zu Eigenschaften, Kategorien und weiteren Objekten definiert. Die Lösungsbausteine können in Umfang und Detaillierungsgrad variieren. Das Vorgehen unterscheidet sich vom tabellarischen Aufbau eines Konstruktionskatalogs, bei dem das zu dokumentierende Wissensgebiet komplett erschlossen und gemäß einem festen Ordnungsschema gegliedert sein muss. Die praktische Umsetzung des hier vorgestellten Vorgehens erfolgte in der Vorentwicklung für die Flugzeugstrukturkonstruktion, wo kontinuierlich neue Konstruktionslösungen erfunden und weiterentwickelt werden und eine digitale, einfach erstellbare und leicht erweiterbare Lösungssammlung als Nachschlagewerk und Inspirationsquelle benötigt wurde.

Digitization has made major changes in how companies work internally and externally. Both markets and customers’ demands are completely different nowadays. The salesperson acts in the middle of markets, customers and companies and tries to adapt and achieve good results. The purpose of this study is to analyse important competencies and characteristics required of a salesperson to sell digital solutions. Additionally, the purpose is to identify the conditions that will support the salespersons to sell digital solutions. The objective of the study is to improve the sales process of digital solutions. The process from the first customer contact to the quotation will only be studied in this survey due to delimitations. A qualitative method is applied with an iterative approach where the data collection consists of a literature study, participant observation, unstructured and semi-structured interviews. The data collection were processed with thematic analysis. The literature study includes a deeper study of Digital Solution Sales, Value Co-Creation and Team selling. Most of the interviews were executed with employees at ABB, a world leader company in power and automation technology. Three of ABB:s costumers participated in the data collection as well.

Uganda is a low-income country in eastern Africa which has experienced social and economic improvements since the mobile phone was launched (Deloitte, GSMA, and Cisco, 2012). The positive attitude towards mobile solutions contributes to the country´s growth in the international world, even if some circumstances are blocking the full potentials (African Development Bank, 2014). Current research regarding Uganda´s need for an address system is lacking. Based on six (6) interviews with people who have worked with business environments and infrastructure, this thesis examines how a mobile-based address system can enhance Uganda’s trading situation via improving time efficiency, opportunities, accessibilities, collaboration, and delivery. The formation of a physical address system has started in Kampala, the capital, but the results from this thesis further emphasize the importance of a national wide, all-compassing address system that reaches all citizens. The conclusion of this thesis shows how the standard of living, the business environment, the public sector, entrepreneurs, market entry, services, and commerce would benefit from the implementation of an address system in a sustainable way in Uganda. It occurs mainly through improved infrastructure, delivery system, navigation, service availability, and transportation. This has a potential to improve time and cost efficiency for daily activities. / Uganda är ett låginkomstland i östra Afrika där både ekonomisk och social utveckling har frodats sedan lanseringen av mobiltelefoni (Deloitte, GSMA, and Cisco, 2012). Att ugandier är positivt inställda till utvecklingen och användningen av mobilteknologi är väsentligt för att den internationella handeln ska kunna växa. I dagsläget finns olika faktorer som hindrar utveckling i landet (African Development Bank, 2014). Det saknas aktuell forskning gällande Ugandas behov av ett adressystem. Den här uppsatsen är baserad på intervjuer med 6 personer som har arbetat med affärsklimat och infrastruktur. Denna kvalitativa studie undersöker hur ett digitalt baserat adressystem kan bidra till en förbättrad handel för Uganda genom förbättrad tidseffektivitet, fler möjligheter, tillgänglighet, samarbete och leveranser. Lanseringen av fysiska adresser har börjat i huvudstaden, Kampala. Däremot tyder resultatet från den här uppsatsen på att ett nationellt etablerat, nåbart och flitigt använt adressystem skulle gynna Ugandas ekonomi. Slutsatsen är att levnadsstandard, affärsklimat, den offentliga sektorn, entreprenörskap, marknader, tjänster och handel skulle främjas på ett hållbart sätt av en rikstäckande implementering av ett adressystem. Det sker genom förbättrad infrastruktur, leveranssystem, navigationsmöjligheter samt tillgänglighet till tjänster och transport. Detta förväntas resultera i ökad tids- och kostnadseffektivitet för dagliga affärsaktiviteter.

Background: Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with a variety of motor and nonmotor symptoms. Many of these symptoms can be monitored by eHealth solutions, including smartphone apps, wearable sensors, and camera systems. The usability of such systems is a key factor in long-term use, but not much is known about the predictors of successful use and preferable methods to assess usability in patients with PD. Objective: This study tested methods to assess usability and determined prerequisites for successful use in patients with PD. - Methods: We performed comprehensive usability assessments with 18 patients with PD using a mixed methods usability battery containing the System Usability Scale, a rater-based evaluation of device-specific tasks, and qualitative interviews. Each patient performed the usability battery with 2 of 3 randomly assigned devices: a tablet app, wearable sensors, and a camera system. The usability battery was administered at the beginning and at the end of a 4-day testing period. Between usability batteries, the systems were used by the patients during 3 sessions of motor assessments (wearable sensors and camera system) and at the movement disorder ward (tablet app). - Results: In this study, the rater-based evaluation of tasks discriminated the best between the 3 eHealth solutions, whereas subjective modalities such as the System Usability Scale were not able to distinguish between the systems. Successful use was associated with different clinical characteristics for each system: eHealth literacy and cognitive function predicted successful use of the tablet app, and bettermotor function and lower age correlated with the independent use of the camera system. The successful use of the wearable sensors was independent of clinical characteristics. Unfortunately, patients who were not able to use the devices well provided few improvement suggestions in qualitative interviews. Conclusions: eHealth solutions should be developed with a specific set of patients in mind and subsequently tested in this cohort. For a complete picture, usability assessments should include a rater-based evaluation of task performance, and there is a need to develop strategies to circumvent the underrepresentation of poorly performing patients in qualitative usability research.

Change within organizations is something that happens every day. Lately, more and more continuous digital changes are occurring that all need good management. If an organization implement too many digital changes without the right management during the implementation and following the implementation, it may cause more problems than what is gained. The question is, do you manage a digital change as you manage an “ordinary” change? To find out how managers are leading digital change, a study of how one of the current digital changes, the digital workplace, has been completed to see how the implementation was/is managed and how the completed change is continuously managed. The findings show that some steps in the change process differ from earlier studies and needs to be considered, mostly policies of how digital work should be implemented and completed. And the overall wellness of the workforce is the most important factor of the continuous management. This study will add to the wide area of management, mostly to the digital management and especially to them, yet not studied, the area of the digital workplace. It will serve as an addition, focused on the digital workplace, to great and accepted management studies such as the 8-step model of leading change. The study will also give some valuable tips for the continuous management of a digital workplace.