This paper argues for the utilisation of Critical Discourse Analysis to analyse the Australian governments disaster risk frameworks and plans to find if their depiction, or lack thereof, of indigenous knowledge and people can be traced parallel to their historical treatment of indigenous Australians. Focusing on matters of inequality which plague the indigenous people of Australia, I discuss how indigenous people and their knowledge have been disregarded within the drafting of Australia’s Disaster Risk Reduction and Management plans and frameworks, resulting in a lack of inclusion and consideration of the benefit of their indigenous communities and their knowledge. The need for this study lies in the fact that the field of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management is focused upon an epistemologically scientific form of study, often subsuming other avenues of knowledge attainment which can prove helpful in reducing and managing disaster risk. To do this, the study considers the historical treatment of indigenous Australians to contextualise the meanings of words, sentences, and statements within the documents, focusing on matters of ethnic inequality, to answer the question: How can the Australian governmental discourse surrounding indigenous people and their knowledge within Australia’s disaster preparation frameworks exemplify the ongoing issue of indigenous inequality globally?

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2019-02-28T14:05:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sônia Regina da Silva_.pdf: 2944976 bytes, checksum: 4048ad1da1c78864f3319a72a1a73ae2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-28T14:05:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sônia Regina da Silva_.pdf: 2944976 bytes, checksum: 4048ad1da1c78864f3319a72a1a73ae2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-10-25 / Nenhuma / A combinação de eventos climáticos severos e desastres naturais tem suscitado preocupações em todas as sociedades. Globalmente organismos internacionais promovem e coordenam iniciativas de prevenção e redução do risco de desastres e convocam as nações para tal compromisso. No Brasil, um avanço ocorreu com a instituição da Política Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil por meio da Lei 12.608/2012, que dentre outros aspectos, reorienta a gestão do risco de desastre que compreende três ações distintas e inter-relacionadas: prevenção, mitigação e preparação. Estas ocorrem de forma multissetorial nos níveis federal, estadual e municipal e exigem ampla participação comunitária. Neste contexto entram as Tecnologias de Informação Móveis e Sem Fio, cujo desenvolvimento nas últimas duas décadas as colocou em evidência como importantes recursos para assistência em cenários inesperados e disruptivos e, desempenham um papel cada vez mais positivo como ferramentas de comunicação de risco de desastres. Este estudo objetiva analisar como ocorre o processo comunicacional na gestão do risco de inundações, por meio do uso de Tecnologias Móveis e sem Fio, entre as instituições de defesa civil e a população estabelecida em áreas inundáveis. Busca, ainda, identificar a percepção dos atores sobre a qualidade das informações de alertas recebidos por meio de tecnologias móveis e as vantagens e desvantagens do seu uso na comunicação de risco. Como estratégia de pesquisa foi realizado um estudo de caso único em uma cidade no interior do Estado de Santa Catarina que, quase que anualmente, enfrenta a problemática de inundações. O estudo conclui que as tecnologias móveis e as mídias sociais móveis são ferramentas eficazes e eficientes na comunicação de risco, pois ampliam as possibilidades de acesso e disseminação de alertas; estimulam, facilitam e impulsionam a interação da população com os órgãos de proteção e defesa civil e contribuem positivamente para a mobilização perante o desastre, pois agilizam a transmissão da informação, favorecendo o planejamento para a evacuação de áreas de risco. Já, as notícias falsas transmitidas por mídias móveis e o risco de falta de conexão e energia caracterizam algumas das desvantagens de uso dessas tecnologias. / The combination of severe weather events and natural disasters has raised concerns in all societies. Globally, international agencies promote and coordinate disaster risk reduction and prevention initiatives and call on nations for such a commitment. In Brazil, a breakthrough occurred with the institution of the National Protection and Civil Defense Policy through Law 12,608/2012, which, among other aspects, reorients disaster risk management, which comprises three distinct and interrelated actions: prevention, mitigation and preparation. These occur in a multisectoral manner at the federal, state and municipal levels and require broad community participation. Mobile and Wireless Information Technologies are emerging in this context, whose development over the last two decades has highlighted them as important resources for assistance in unexpected and disruptive scenarios and play an increasingly positive role as tools for communicating disaster risk. This study aims to analyze how the communication process occurs in flood risk management, through the use of Mobile and Wireless Technologies, between civil defense institutions and the population established in flood areas. It also seeks to identify the perception of the actors about the quality of the information received from mobile technologies and the advantages and disadvantages of their use in risk communication. As a research strategy, a single case study was carried out in a city in the interior of the State of Santa Catarina, which almost annually faces the problem of floods. The study concludes that mobile technologies and mobile social media are effective and efficient tools in risk communication, since they increase the possibilities of access and dissemination of alerts; stimulate, facilitate and boost the interaction of the population with the civil protection and defense organs and contribute positively to the mobilization in the face of the disaster, since they speed up the transmission of information, favoring the planning for the evacuation of areas at risk. Already, the false news transmitted by mobile media and the risk of lack of connection and energy characterize some of the disadvantages of using these technologies.

<p>A disaster always means a huge death toll, displacement and inconceivable destruction for a poor country such as Bangladesh. Recently, Bangladesh has taken a holistic approach to prioritising interrelated activities and the involvement of various organisations in disaster management. A number of disaster management committees (DMCs) have been formed to coordinate and implement risk reduction measures. But the levels of success of these organisations have varied in different regions. Improper consideration of local knowledge, corruption of actors, lack of coordination and capacity of actors, etc., are perceived as major causes of this. Primarily, this mini-thesis aims to measure the impact of self-organisation in disaster risk management.</p>

<p>A disaster always means a huge death toll, displacement and inconceivable destruction for a poor country such as Bangladesh. Recently, Bangladesh has taken a holistic approach to prioritising interrelated activities and the involvement of various organisations in disaster management. A number of disaster management committees (DMCs) have been formed to coordinate and implement risk reduction measures. But the levels of success of these organisations have varied in different regions. Improper consideration of local knowledge, corruption of actors, lack of coordination and capacity of actors, etc., are perceived as major causes of this. Primarily, this mini-thesis aims to measure the impact of self-organisation in disaster risk management.</p>

The intensifying nature and extent of disasters together with the associated devastation and astronomical costs required to manage the rippling effects of disasters, enunciates the national and international focus on disaster risk reduction. Further the ever evolving and complex dynamics of risk as the decisive contributor to disasters has heightened the urgency to pursue effective disaster risk assessment as a prerequisite to inform the disaster risk management planning and disaster risk reduction intervention processes. A structured and systematic approach to disaster risk assessment assists in maintaining rigour thus promoting the quality and validity of the process and its outcomes. Appropriate models serve as valuable tools in enabling this methodological perspective to undertake disaster risk assessment. The nonexistence of an appropriate disaster risk assessment model in South Africa has initiated the emphasis and purpose of this study thereby underscoring the critical need for the development of an effective, holistic and integrated disaster risk assessment model for local government in South Africa. In spear heading the process towards the development of an appropriate disaster risk assessment model, the research commenced with establishing and asserting the fundamental link between disaster risk assessment and disaster risk reduction as an avenue to contextualise and ground the key issues in effective disaster risk reduction. The exploratory analysis engaged in presenting a theoretical construct of disaster risk assessment examined the core components informing the disaster risk assessment process. This discussion led to the comparative review of three disaster risk assessment models viz the Community-Wide Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (CVCA) Model, the Community-Based Risk Reduction Model and the South African Disaster Risk Assessment Model interrogating the significant characteristics, structure and application of the models. The results of the comparison of the above three models provided the necessary insight for the development of the disaster risk assessment model for local government in South Africa. Further influenced by the outcomes of the applied research on the critical analysis of the current disaster risk assessment practice within the four selected municipalities representing local government in South Africa; viz eThekwini Metropolitan, Ekurhuleni Metropolitan, Bojanala District and Stellenbosch local Municipalities. Through the data coding, classification and interpretive process, constructive and correlated research findings were immanent guiding the final development of the integrated disaster risk assessment model for local government in South Africa. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Public Management and Administration))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

The intensifying nature and extent of disasters together with the associated devastation and astronomical costs required to manage the rippling effects of disasters, enunciates the national and international focus on disaster risk reduction. Further the ever evolving and complex dynamics of risk as the decisive contributor to disasters has heightened the urgency to pursue effective disaster risk assessment as a prerequisite to inform the disaster risk management planning and disaster risk reduction intervention processes. A structured and systematic approach to disaster risk assessment assists in maintaining rigour thus promoting the quality and validity of the process and its outcomes. Appropriate models serve as valuable tools in enabling this methodological perspective to undertake disaster risk assessment. The nonexistence of an appropriate disaster risk assessment model in South Africa has initiated the emphasis and purpose of this study thereby underscoring the critical need for the development of an effective, holistic and integrated disaster risk assessment model for local government in South Africa. In spear heading the process towards the development of an appropriate disaster risk assessment model, the research commenced with establishing and asserting the fundamental link between disaster risk assessment and disaster risk reduction as an avenue to contextualise and ground the key issues in effective disaster risk reduction. The exploratory analysis engaged in presenting a theoretical construct of disaster risk assessment examined the core components informing the disaster risk assessment process. This discussion led to the comparative review of three disaster risk assessment models viz the Community-Wide Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (CVCA) Model, the Community-Based Risk Reduction Model and the South African Disaster Risk Assessment Model interrogating the significant characteristics, structure and application of the models. The results of the comparison of the above three models provided the necessary insight for the development of the disaster risk assessment model for local government in South Africa. Further influenced by the outcomes of the applied research on the critical analysis of the current disaster risk assessment practice within the four selected municipalities representing local government in South Africa; viz eThekwini Metropolitan, Ekurhuleni Metropolitan, Bojanala District and Stellenbosch local Municipalities. Through the data coding, classification and interpretive process, constructive and correlated research findings were immanent guiding the final development of the integrated disaster risk assessment model for local government in South Africa. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Public Management and Administration))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

When society fails to effectively integrate natural and constructed environments, one of the cataclysmic byproducts of this disconnect is an increased risk of natural disasters. On top of the devastation that is the aftermath of such disasters, poor planning and engineering decisions have detrimental effects on communities as they attempt to recover and rebuild. While there is an inherent difficulty in the quantification of the cost of human life, interruption in business operations, and damage to the properties, it is critical to develop plans and mitigation strategies to promote fast recovery. Traditionally insurance and reinsurance products have been used as a mitigation strategy for financing post-disaster recovery. However, there are number of problems associated with these models such as lack of liquidity, defaults, long litigation process, etc. In light of these problems, new Alternative Risk Transfer (ART) methods are introduced. The pricing of these risk mitigating instruments, however, has been mostly associated with the hazard frequency and intensity; and little recognition is made of the riskiness of the structure to be indemnified. This study proposes valuation models for catastrophe-linked ART products and insurance contracts in which the risks and value can be linked to the characteristics of the insured portfolio of constructed assets. The results show that the supply side ? structural parameters are as important as the demand ? hazard frequency, and are in a highly nonlinear relationship with financial parameters such as risk premiums and spreads.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Fernando Rocha Nogueira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento e Gestão do Território, 2016. / A instituição da Política Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil (Lei nº 12.608/2012) em conjunto com a Política Nacional de Gestão de Risco e Resposta a Desastres Naturais (PNGRD) pressupõe a articulação de ações nas três esferas do governo, definindo a criação de instrumentos focados na reestruturação de espaços urbanos através da criação de mecanismos preventivos e de mitigação frente à situação de risco. Muitas diferentes iniciativas préestabelecidas pelo PNGRD estão em desenvolvimento, mas ainda estão pouco consolidadas no âmbito da gestão pública municipal. Dentro deste atual cenário político-institucional, o desafio é o desenvolvimento e implantação de estruturas permanentes de planejamento e gestão a partir da criação de novos arranjos institucionais que potencializem redes de cooperação intermunicipal na criação de políticas em escala regional, a criação de uma rede de informação que subsidie ações intersetoriais e a cooperação e troca de informações nos diferentes níveis da administração pública, estruturados em sistemas de informação geográfica (GIS). A partir do contexto apresentado, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar práticas e métodos para redução de riscos de desastres a serem adaptados à realidade dos municípios brasileiros. Como estudo de caso, a pesquisa apresenta o Consórcio Intermunicipal Grande ABC, que reúne ao todo sete municípios para o planejamento e gestão, com caráter cooperativo, através da integração e padronização de políticas locais, potencializando as respostas individuais frente a diferentes riscos socioambientais, através da criação de planos regionais e o processo para a estruturação de uma infraestrutura de dados espaciais para gestão integrada dos riscos em escala regional. / The institution of the National Policy on Protection and Civil Defense (Law nº12.608 / 2012) in conjunction with the National Policy on Risk Management and Disaster Response (PNGRD) requires the articulation of actions in the three spheres of government, defining the creation instruments focused on the restructuring of urban spaces through the creation of preventive mechanisms and facing mitigate the risk. Many different initiatives pre-set by PNGRD are in development but are still little consolidated within the municipal public administration. Within this current political-institutional setting, the challenge is the development and implementation of permanent structures planning and management from the creation of new institutional arrangements that enhance inter-municipal cooperation networks in creating a regional scale policies, the creation of a network information that assists intersectoral action and cooperation and exchange of information at different levels of government, structured in geographic information systems (GIS). From the presented context, this research aims to present practices and methods for reducing disaster risks to be adapted to the reality of Brazilian municipalities. As a study case will be analyzing the Grand ABC Intermunicipal Consortium that gathers in all seven municipalities for planning and management, cooperative character through the integration and standardization of local policies, enhancing the individual responses to different environmental risk by creating regional plans, and the process for structuring a-spatial data infrastructure for integrated risk management on a regional scale.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:55:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 113243.pdf: 8299441 bytes, checksum: ac9509fd955090ab9ec0e9f183c05805 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work has the objective of analyzing the Master Plan and Flood Management Plan of the Municipality of Rio do Sul - SC, from the perspective of disaster risk management and insurance planning. Desiring to contribute with the presentation of methodologies and tools to be applied in managing disaster risk, highlighting the importance of planning their actions, but also with the Municipal Master Plans and Regional pointing mechanisms controlling land use in hazardous areas urban and measures to prevent or mitigate disasters. The guiding concepts used as a theoretical and theme are the management of disaster risks, safe territory, master plan and management plan or flood contingency plan. The investigative approach is qualitative, participant observation, semi structured interviews, thematic maps. From the literature sought to identify elements of risk management and disaster safe territory present the plans and how they can prevent or mitigate flooding. The fragility of the South River before the flood is very large, because of their socio-spatial conformation, presenting an adversarial relationship. Rio do Sul is a municipality that has a high degree of risk of flooding, and then only with proper planning can provide the population quality of life and territorial security, ready to face the adverse events through which resilience is the ability to learn from past events to better prepare for the future. The integration of the administrative structure of the city at a glance on disaster risk management in all sectors facilitates the articulation of public policies on risk management, and that this is a priority regional, municipal or local. Given these considerations Rio do Sul is a safe territory disaster? / Esta dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar o Plano Diretor Municipal e o Plano de Gerenciamento de Enchentes do Município de Rio do Sul - SC, sob a perspectiva da gestão de riscos de desastres e do território seguro. Pretende-se contribuir com a apresentação de metodologias e ferramentas a serem aplicadas na gestão de riscos de desastres, evidenciando a importância do planejamento de suas ações, como também com os Planos Diretores Municipais e Regionais e apontar mecanismos de controle de ocupação do solo nas áreas de risco, bem como medidas urbanísticas que previnam ou mitiguem os desastres. As categorias norteadoras utilizadas como referencial teórico-temático são as de gestão de riscos de desastres, território seguro, plano diretor e plano de gerenciamento de enchentes ou plano de contingências. A abordagem investigatória é qualitativa, integrada pela observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas e mapas temáticos. A partir da literatura buscou-se identificar elementos de gestão de riscos de desastres e de território seguro presentes nos planos e o modo como estes podem prevenir ou mitigar as enchentes. A fragilidade de Rio do Sul diante das enchentes é muito grande, em virtude de sua localização e conformação socioespacial, apresentando uma relação conflituosa. Rio do Sul é um município que apresenta um alto grau de risco de enchentes e, assim, somente com planejamento adequado poderá oferecer a população qualidade de vida e segurança territorial para enfrentar os eventos adversos por meio de resiliência, que é a capacidade de aprender com os eventos passados para melhor se preparar para o futuro. A integração da estrutura administrativa da prefeitura. Percebe-se em um olhar sobre gestão de riscos de desastres que a integração da estrutura administrativa em todos os setores, facilita a articulação de políticas públicas de gestão de riscos, e que essa seja uma prioridade regional, municipal ou local. Diante destas considerações, Rio do Sul é um território seguro de desastres?

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:55:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 122254.pdf: 3392618 bytes, checksum: b4aaa535e9983bc5a2af798335f29f8e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This Master s thesis was developed in order to find similarities and differences between legal requirements and the practice of Santa Catarina s local managers in risk disaster and social participation, and then think of solutions to enhance this process. In that way, the theoretical approach includes disaster management, public policies and social participation, with emphasis on the historical obstacles for decision making sharing. The research combined qualitative and quantitative tools for a final triangulation of the collected data. In this sense, it begins with a documentary analyses (qualitative) of legal aspects of Brazilian disaster management; then a questioner (quantitative) was applied to local managers; and finally deepening interviews (qualitative) was made. The analyses of the collected data shows that either the legal aspects as the local managers the discourse of the participation s importance is deeper than the real practice. Thus, the thesis discuss the challenges to enhance the social participation; considering the difficulties of mobilization, political interferences and tokenism, mainly. The conclusion works with the necessity to simply the process of participation in order to be part of the citizen routine, and also to decrease the overload of public employees. The agency of civil defense in Santa Catarina is indicated to have the potential to encourage the local governments to enhance the participation in DRR. / Esta dissertação teve o objetivo de confrontar pressupostos legais com a visão dos gestores municipais de proteção e defesa civil de Santa Catarina no que se refere à participação social na gestão de risco para, ao final, refletir sobre contribuições para ampliação e fortalecimento do processo. Para tanto, trabalhou-se o referencial teórico sobre a gestão de risco, com ênfase ao conceito de produção social do risco, e sobre políticas públicas e suas diretrizes de participação social, a ponderar os entraves que historicamente se construíram e ainda hoje desafiam os processos de partilha de poder. Sendo uma pesquisa de métodos mistos, foram intercalados instrumentos qualitativos e quantitativos para a triangulação final dos dados. Assim, a pesquisa teve início com a análise documental (qualitativa) de documentos legais e oficiais que direcionam a gestão de risco no Brasil, seguida pela aplicação de questionários (quantitativo) destinados a gestores municipais de proteção e defesa civil de Santa Catarina, e finalizada com as entrevistas de aprofundamento (qualitativa). A análise dos dados demonstrou que, tanto nos documentos legais e oficiais como na realidade dos municípios, o discurso sobre o conceito de participação social, bem como sobre sua importância, está à frente da prática efetiva. A discussão realizada, portanto, diz respeito ao desafio de fazer aproximar concepção e prática, considerando ainda que os entraves à participação estão associados às dificuldades de mobilização, interferências políticas e faz de conta, principalmente. As principais sugestões referem-se à desconstrução da participação somente como espaço institucionalizado, ampliando a consideração de instrumentos informais e cotidianos, para que possam tornar-se parte da rotina do cidadão e diminuir a sobrecarga dos técnicos da administração pública local, reconhecendo na Secretaria de Estado de Defesa Civil de Santa Catarina o potencial de incentivar a promoção da participação social.