O presente estudo procura estabelecer, a partir de uma reavaliação e atualização dos estudos de Jürgen Habermas sobre esfera pública e direito, os fundamentos teóricos e práticos do Direito da Comunicação, uma teoria crítica do direito que restabelece o vínculo interno entre direito e esfera pública política, e com isso fornece um modelo complementar a teoria procedimental de Habermas, fortalecendo as condições para a produção de uma legitimidade democrática do poder em sociedades pluralistas. / The present work aims at establishing, through a reevaluation and actualization of Jürgen Habermas studies on public sphere and law, the theoretical and practical grounds of Communication Law, a critical theory of law that recovers the internal relation between law and the political public sphere, and in doing so, provides a complementary model to Habermas procedural theory, enhancing the conditions for the production of a democratic legitimacy of power in pluralist societies.

O presente estudo procura estabelecer, a partir de uma reavaliação e atualização dos estudos de Jürgen Habermas sobre esfera pública e direito, os fundamentos teóricos e práticos do Direito da Comunicação, uma teoria crítica do direito que restabelece o vínculo interno entre direito e esfera pública política, e com isso fornece um modelo complementar a teoria procedimental de Habermas, fortalecendo as condições para a produção de uma legitimidade democrática do poder em sociedades pluralistas. / The present work aims at establishing, through a reevaluation and actualization of Jürgen Habermas studies on public sphere and law, the theoretical and practical grounds of Communication Law, a critical theory of law that recovers the internal relation between law and the political public sphere, and in doing so, provides a complementary model to Habermas procedural theory, enhancing the conditions for the production of a democratic legitimacy of power in pluralist societies.

The aim of this project is to develop a robust methodological translation of the insights of 'culturalist' theoretical positions in communications studies as an alternative through which to approach contemporary media research. The focus is on engagements with alcohol advertising. In Aotearoa/New Zealand, as internationally, there is a significant body of publicly-funded research examining how alcohol advertising affects audiences. However, this thesis contends that important questions need to be asked about the adequacy of these (dominantly positivist) investigations. A review of local research identifies that in theoretical and methodological terms the majority of these studies are riddled with tensions and contradictions. In addition, when located within the context of wider developments in contemporary communication studies, an important epistemological gap is highlighted as requiring attention and debate. Comparison of this local review with international studies highlights similar concerns, particularly around 'effects' driven research, the adequacy of dominant positivist models, and the need to examine epistemological alternatives that can encompass meta, meso, and micro forms of enquiry. A discursive-theoretical approach is then argued as an epistemological alternative that is highly congruent with contemporary communication studies, which, if more robustly translated through methodology and method, could provide a very solid 'culturalist' alternative framework for media research. Taking a contrastive, multi-voiced, context-based approach, the present research focuses on connections, divergences, or disjunctions between different participants' interpretations of, and responses to, themes, ideas and positions they perceive as existing in the ad-texts, and themes and ideas on offer about alcohol in the wider social context. Using a methodology I describe as 'Discursive Sonar', this research highlights the socially located, interpretative complexity of advertising engagements. By unpacking that complexity, this project identifies how, and why, media engagements vary for different participants (including that of the reflexively engaged participant researcher). By locating the interactions between participants and ad-texts within the context of wider struggles over meanings around alcohol in Aotearoa/New Zealand the research shows ways in which both ad-texts and participants reflect, employ, and debate those wider struggles. I contrasted and compared individual participant interactions with the content and themes they identify in response to the ad-texts, with what producers intended those texts to communicate, and also with the views of the other participants. Through these analyses key textual 'mechanisms' become apparent as determining why and how engagements can be closely shared or variable between people and groups. Focusing on diversity and variance in engagements highlights cultural shifts around how alcohol is understood in Aotearoa/New Zealand, as well as significant alterations in views between the generations involved in the project. Focusing on commonalities across engagements identifies how 'interpretative communities' can be produced through textual responses, which are in turn engendered in response to commonly held constructs such as gender and age. This project succeeds in two ways. As well succeeding in significantly developing existing 'operationalisation' of discursive theory, it also constructs a viable discursive framework through which to approach media research. It is suggested that further development of this alternative might move us beyond the barriers of abstraction and effects in media research to examine the ways in which media and other dominant discursive forms interact, and are interacted with, to shape choices in our social worlds.

Integration is a hot topic in our society today and we have a greater influence of other religious beliefs than ever before. As Swedish society grows with influences from other cultures to a greater extent, the Swedish political agenda focuses more and more on integration. I perceive working for integration in a multicultural society as something of a balancing act on the framework of laws and regulations that we must comply to with in Sweden. For example, according to the Freedom of Religion Act, we all have the right to practice religion and believe what we want, while the law also gives us the right to refrain from having a religious belief. Following, interpreting, and considering the Freedom of Religion Act can sometimes be complex, as religion has many definitions and in many cases is so much more than just a belief. In many cases, a person's identity and cultural background are strongly influenced by religious traditions and moral positions. The purpose of my study is to widen the knowledge about the relation between integration and freedom of religion by investigating how the political integration agenda works together with the Freedom of Religion Act. This have I tried to achieve through a discursive analysis of motions of the Swedish Riksdag.  Three questions are posed to guide the study: Do the motions highlight religion as a factor to be considered in connection with the political integration work? Do the motions present religion as inner faith or something more cultural and/or identity-based? Are the proposed integration policy measures compatible with the Freedom of Religion Act? I have found in my study that the integration policy is compatible with religious freedom on certain levels. On which levels and to what extent it differs between the various parties, as well as on how to define religion and religious freedom. / Syftet med min studie är att fördjupa kunskaperna kring relationerna mellan integration och religionsfrihet utifrån hur diskursen i politiska motioner utspelar sig. Såväl integration som religionsfrihet är två debatterade ämnen och jag vill med min studie se om dessa är förenliga med varandra. Denna studie är utförd med diskursanalys utav 33 riksdagsmotioner inlämnade under perioderna 21/22 samt 22/23 som berör integration och religionsfrihet eller integration och religion. Resultatet av min analys har jag nått genom att som utgång använda mig av diskursteorin och dess begrepp. Analysen har sedan legat till grund för att genom diskussion finna svar på om det integrationspolitiska arbetet som framställs i motionerna är förenligt med lagen om religionsfrihet. Jag har i min studie funnit att man i politiska motioner artikulerar religion i samband med integration samt att integrationspolitiken på vissa plan är förenlig med lagen om religionsfriheten. På vilka plan och i vilken utsträckning den är det skiljer sig åt mellan de olika partierna samt på hur man definierar religion och religionsfrihet.

Submitted by Cristiane Chim (cristiane.chim@ucpel.edu.br) on 2018-04-25T12:18:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Silveira de Menezes.pdf: 5643997 bytes, checksum: fa3bdff98ded7e9f97d9e8f178cb2ede (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-25T12:18:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Silveira de Menezes.pdf: 5643997 bytes, checksum: fa3bdff98ded7e9f97d9e8f178cb2ede (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES# / #2075167498588264571# / #600 / The Phd thesis, presented here, analyzes the coverage of the 2014 presidential elections in Brazil, dealing with issues related to the application and applicability of the analysis of pecheuxtiana discourse in the field of journalistic training. We consider the discursive functioning of Brazilian journalism, in its different forms of materialization, we can identify significant contributions of DA to the practice of professional practice. When we make such an analysis, in communication groups registered in antagonistic discursive formations (FDI / Grupo Folha and FDCI / Rede Brasil Atual), it is identified according to the report. In order to better organize this research, we have chosen to divide it into four chapters. In the first one, we present the analytical corpus and define the methodology employed, emphasizing that the analysis of the selected material occurs in the course of all the work. The second chapter is dedicated to a (re) reading of the main theories of journalism under the bias of DA. This theoretical path allows us to understand the proximity - and, above all, distancing - between the currents of thought in vogue, today, in the process of training Brazilian journalists. From there, we discuss the pertinence of the inclusion of the discursive theory that we are proposing in the process of training the professional of the area. With the third chapter, we began to demonstrate the heterogeneous nature of journalistic texts, advancing in the interpretive gestures necessary to think about the journalist's role, redefining concepts and demonstrating, through different discursive materialities, how the production of meanings in the Brazilian journalism. Therefore, we consider the interrelationship of digital, printed, radio and television media, considering that the current context of news production and circulation occurs through the production conditions of Computer-mediated Communication (CMC). Therefore, although cyber journalism is not the focus of this study, some of its characteristics are redistricted, from the point of view of DA, allowing us to develop the concept of cyber journalistic event. The fourth - and last - chapter of this thesis takes a look at all the research. Thus, we move two fundamental concepts for the theory of journalism: editor (spokesperson) and sources (subject sources). As a conclusion effect, we present a possible way to continue the proposal of contribution of the analysis of the pecheuxtian discourse to the journalistic formation, considering the different - and always changeable - materialities that constitute this professional activity. / A tese de doutorado, aqui apresentada, analisa a cobertura das eleições presidenciais de 2014, no Brasil, tratando de questões ligadas à inserção e aplicabilidade da análise de discurso pecheuxtiana no âmbito da formação jornalística. Considerando o funcionamento discursivo do jornalismo brasileiro, nas suas diferentes formas de materialização, podemos identificar contribuições significativas da AD para o exercício da referida prática profissional. Ao realizarmos tal análise, em grupos de comunicação inscritos em FD’s antagônicas (FDI/Grupo Folha e FDCI/Rede Brasil Atual), identificamos gestos de interpretação importantes para se repensar o fazer jornalístico. Com vistas a melhor organização desta pesquisa, optamos por dividi-la em quatro capítulos. No primeiro, apresentamos o corpus analítico e definimos a metodologia empregada, ressaltando que a análise do material selecionado se dá no transcorrer de todo o trabalho. O segundo capítulo dedica-se a uma (re)leitura das principais teorias do jornalismo sob o viés da AD. Tal percurso teórico nos permite compreender as proximidades – e, sobretudo, os distanciamentos – entre as correntes de pensamento em voga, hoje, no processo de formação dos jornalistas brasileiros. A partir daí, discorrermos sobre a pertinência da inclusão da teoria discursiva que estamos propondo no processo de formação do profissional da área. Com o terceiro capítulo, passamos a demonstrar a natureza heterogênea dos textos jornalísticos, avançando nos gestos de interpretação necessários para se pensar a atuação do sujeito jornalista, redefinindo conceitos e demonstrando, por meio de diferentes materialidades discursivas, como se dá a produção de sentidos no jornalismo brasileiro. Consideramos, para tanto, a inter-relação das mídias digital, impressa, radiofônica e televisa, tendo em vista que o atual contexto da produção e circulação de notícias se dá por meio das condições de produção próprias da Comunicação Mediada pelo Computador (CMC). Sendo assim, embora o ciberjornalismo não seja o foco deste estudo, algumas de suas características são rediscutidas, sob a ótica da AD, permitindo-nos desenvolver o conceito de acontecimento ciberjornalístico. O quarto – e último – capítulo desta tese faz um apanhado de toda a pesquisa. Realizamos, assim, o deslocamento de dois conceitos fundamentais para a teoria do jornalismo: editor (porta-voz) e fontes (sujeitos fonte). Como efeito de conclusão, apresentamos um caminho possível para dar continuidade à proposta de contribuição da análise de discurso pecheuxtiana para a formação jornalística, considerando as diferentes – e sempre mutáveis – materialidades constitutivas desta atividade profissional.