The purpose of this research is to study how journalists in two Caribbean countries, Dominica and Saint Lucia, see their profession in a developing country where freedom of the press is high but where restrictions also occur. Through semi-structured in-depth interviews we will ask thirteen local journalists in the aforementioned countries what they think about journalistic values and ask for their thoughts on the journalists´ role and responsibility in society. We will also ask them about what limitations there might be to accomplish these ideals. Since every country differs from another, our study will lean on normative theories, and the study will be based on Hallin and Mancini's work Comparing media systems (2004) and their three models of media. According to the respondents in Saint Lucia and Dominica, the main role for the journalists is to report accurate, balanced and fair stories to the audience so that they can make informed decisions in their everyday life. However, the respondents in both countries face challenges in fulfilling these ideals where in Dominica the main challenge is access to information that prevents the press to work on a free basis. In Saint Lucia the respondents state that main obstacles are the “red tape”, i.e., the problematic bureaucratic procedure, that journalists have to deal with when trying to get information, and also threats such as lawsuits and pulled advertisement - something that prevents them from producing free and independent journalism. / <p>Detta är en Minor Field Study finansierad uppsats. </p>

Voluntary HIV/AIDS testing and counselling (VHTC) is one of the preventive measures used in many countries to decrease the spread of HIV/AIDS. Archived data from National HIV/AIDS Response Program's (NHARP) raw 2016 dataset were used to identify relationships and to assess significant differences between sociodemographic factors and selected sexual risk behaviours versus VHTC practices among adults 18 years and older who resided in Dominica. The health belief model was used as the framework for this cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 982 participants (40% [394] men and 60% [588] women). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between sociodemographic and sexual risk exposure factors versus VHTC. Findings revealed that, as compared to age group > 65 years, participants in age groups 25-44 years were 5 times more likely--and 45-64 years were 2 times more likely--to have engaged in VHTC (OR = 5.11, 95% CI = 2.03, 12.8 and OR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.07, 6.49, respectively). The odds not to engage in VHTC were 48% higher for participants from Grand Bay district (rural area) compared to Roseau health district (capital) (OR = .52, 95% CI = .29, .94). The odds of nonengagement in VHTC were 51% higher for participants not having vaginal sex, compared to those who reported having vaginal sex (OR = .49, 95% CI = .26, .92). The implications for positive social change include providing public health practitioners with data to plan and implement educational programs specific to the demographic characteristics in Dominica. This will enhance current efforts to raise awareness regarding HIV/AIDS and may increase VHTC practice among the population that may reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS.

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio University, June, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-85).

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio University, June, 2004. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p.82-85)

No description available.

Inbreeding depression has alarming impacts on threatened species with small population sizes. Assessing inbreeding depression has therefore become an important focus of conservation research. In this study, heterozygosityitness correlations (HFCs) were measured in adult and hatchling Lesser Antillean Iguanas, Iguana delicatissima, from a sampling site at Batali Beach in Dominica to assess the role of inbreeding depression on hatchling fitness and recruitment to the adult population in this endangered species. HFCs in hatchlings revealed no significant correlations and no general effects, suggesting that inbreeding depression may not be affecting hatchling fitness. Further, there were no significant differences in heterozygosity between the adult and hatchling groups suggesting that inbreeding depression may not be an important factor in shaping the population dynamics of I. delicatissima in Dominica. HFCs in the adults, however, revealed a significant negative correlation between heterozygosity and snout-vent length, which is more consistent with outbreeding depression in the population.

No description available.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:30:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 768508 bytes, checksum: 04b1f1b0f947332128343d3248bd636d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-17 / This study was carried out to evaluate ozone toxicity to five populations of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) collected in Brazil, and to verify the influence of the gas on populations locomotor behavior. Also, respiratory rates (CO2 production) and body mass were assessed to establish their relationship with susceptibility levels and behavioral patterns. Ozone toxicity was determined through time-response bioassays at the ozone concentration of 500 ppm in a continuous flow of 1,5 L min-1. Mortality results were used to create time-response curves, and TL50 y TL95 were estimated and used to calculate toxicity ratios. Results indicated that none of the evaluated populations of R. dominica showed resistance to ozone. Locomotor bioassays were conducted in the presence and the absence of ozone to determine locomotion behavioral patterns (distance, walking velocity and rest time); nevertheless, the locomotor behavior of the insects in the presence of ozone was proportional to the behavior in its absence. There were not observed significant correlations between ozone toxicity and locomotion behavioral patterns. Moreover, it was observed that the locomotor behavior of the insects was not influenced by either their body mass or their respiratory rate. Different respiratory patterns were observed among the treatments, which indicate that R. dominica individuals are able to reduce their respiratory rates which can be a defense mechanism to avoid the toxic effects of the gas. On the basis of the results of this study it is possible to conclude that ozone has a effect on Rhyzopertha dominica mortality, so this gas is an alternative to traditional insecticides. / O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a toxicidade do ozônio para cinco populações de Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) coletadas no Brasil e verificar a influência do gás sobre o comportamento locomotor das populações. Adicionalmente, foram avaliadas as taxas respiratórias (produção de CO2) e massa corpórea para estabelecer uma associação com os níveis de susceptibilidade e padrões comportamentais. A toxicidade do ozônio foi determinada através de bioensaios de tempo-resposta, utilizando-se a concentração fixa do ozônio de 500 ppm. Os resultados de mortalidade obtidos foram utilizados para gerar as curvas de tempo-resposta, e as TL50 e TL95 foram estimadas e usadas para calcular as respectivas razões de toxicidade (RT). Os resultados indicaram que nenhuma das populações de R. dominica investigadas apresentou resistência ao ozônio. As populações foram submetidas a bioensaios de caminhamento na presença e na ausência do ozônio para determinar os padrões comportamentais de locomoção (distância, velocidade de caminhamento e tempo de repouso). O comportamento locomotor dos insetos na presença do ozônio foi semelhante ao comportamento no controle. Todavia, não foram observadas correlações significativas entre a toxicidade do ozônio e os padrões comportamentais de caminhamento; além disso, o comportamento locomotor das populações não foi influenciado pela massa corporal dos insetos, nem pela sua taxa respiratória. Foram observados diferentes padrões respiratórios entre os tratamentos com ozônio e controle, indicando que R. dominica podem reduzir suas taxas respiratórias, o que pode ser um mecanismo de defesa da espécie para escapar aos efeitos tóxicos do gás. Com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que o ozônio têm efeito na mortalidade de Rhyzopertha dominica, sendo uma alternativa ao uso de inseticidas tradicionais.

Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2017-04-05T16:55:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1888748 bytes, checksum: 7623fce94d6cf87e158c7800f0777c84 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-05T16:55:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1888748 bytes, checksum: 7623fce94d6cf87e158c7800f0777c84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-07-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A principal forma de controle de Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius), em grãos armazenados, é através do uso de inseticidas, apesar de existirem relatos de resistência a esses produtos, em populações dessa espécie. Neste sentido, a utilização do manejo integrado de pragas (MIP) é uma alternativa para preservar os ingredientes ativos existentes, assim como reduzir os resíduos de inseticidas nos produtos armazenados. No Brasil, o uso do controle biológico como ferramenta do MIP em armazéns ainda não é utilizada, embora pesquisas já demonstrem sua eficiência e compatibilidade com os principais métodos de controle. Um importante inimigo natural vem se destacando na supressão populacional de pragas de grãos, o ácaro Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz), que parasita os ovos de seus hospedeiros. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal avaliar a interação desse parasita com o inseticida deltametrina, a temperatura e o parasitóide de larvas Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard), considerados os principais métodos de controle químico, físico e biológico de R. dominica, respectivamente. Antes de analisar a eficácia dessas interações, foi avaliada a utilização de um acaricida para controlar as infestações indesejadas de A. lacunatus. O parasita A. lacunatus demonstrou ser uma importante ferramenta para MIP de grãos armazenados, uma vez que foi possível sua associação com os principais métodos de controle de R. dominica, com exceção do uso do dobro da dose de deltametrina recomendada (1,00 mg i.a./kg). Por outro lado, em doses menores do que 1,00 mg i.a./kg de deltametrina, o A. lacunatus demonstrou-se eficaz na redução das fases imaturas desse inseto-praga. O parasita A. lacunatus, quando associado a temperaturas da massa de grãos mais baixas, apresentou sua eficácia potencializada. Do mesmo modo, isso também foi observado quando esse ácaro foi associado ao parasitóide de larvas A. calandrae melhorando sua eficácia. Estes resultados reforçam a importância de A. lacunatus como uma alternativa para a redução dos níveis de inseticidas necessários ao controle das infestações de R. dominica sobre grãos. / The main control method of Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) in stored grains is by insecticide use despite of the existing reports of insecticide resistance in population of this species. The use of integrated pest management (IPM) is therefore and alternative to preserve the existing active ingredients and to reduce insecticide residue in stored products. The use of biological control is not get used as an IPM component in Brazil, although some studies demonstrate its efficiency and compatibility with the main control methods. An important natural enemy is coming to focus is the suppression of grain pests populations, the mite Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz), a host egg parasite. This study aimed to assess the interaction of this parasite with the insecticide deltamethrin, the temperature and the larvae parasitoid Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard), considered the main chemical, physical and biological control agents of R. dominica, respectively. Before assessing these interactions, the use of an acaricide to control undesirable infestations of A. lacunatus was carried out. The parasite A. lacunatus showed to be an important tool for stored grains IPM since was possible its association with the main control methods for R. dominica, with the exception of twice the recommended deltamethrin dose (1.00 mg a.i./kg). In contrast, A. lacunatus was effective in reducing immatures of this pest-species in deltamethrin doses lower than 1.00 mg a.i./kg. The parasite A. lacunatus showed increased efficacy when associated with lower temperatures of the grain mass. The same was observed when associated with the larvae parasitoid A. calandrae. The results reinforce the importance of A. lacunatus as or alternative to reduce the insecticide levels necessary to control R. dominica infestations on grains. / Não foi localizado o cpf do autor.