This diploma thesis brings an integral view at cognitive processes connected with artificial intelligence systems, and makes a comparison with the processes observed in nature, including human being. A historical background helps us to look at the whole issue from a certain point of view. The main axis of interest comes after the historical overview and includes the following: environment -- stimulations -- processing -- reflection in the cognitive system -- reaction to stimulation; I balance the approach and the limited potential of the human being against the machine (or artificial intelligence). In the last part, there are introduced two projects that have been already implemented in the inteligent transport systems, and their potential for the further expansion and development is shown here. The main emphasis is placed on the coherence between each part of this thesis and cognitive processes, and on the relation and the mutual dependence of these processes.

This thesis deals with the environmental aspects of the common transport policy of the European Union. The first chapter outlines the development of the common transport policy from the beginning of the European Community up to the most recent strategy Transport 2050. The second chapter examines some of the environmental measures carried out in line with the common transport policy for particular modes and for urban mobility. The third chapter focuses on selected examples of consequences that the adopted measures have on the automotive industry and on the Czech Republic.

This diploma thesis is focused on the public transport. The theoretical part contains short characteristics of the transport infrastructure followed by a description of the logistics processes in public transport. The practical part focused on the transport network in the city of Ostrava aims at the public transport in the city, particularly public transport system and integrated transport system. The goal of thesis is to give the readers a comprehensive look at the public transport in Ostrava and to present the tramtrain system.

Diploma thesis indicates on traffic problems that arise not only in the huge world metropolis but increasingly appeal in smaller towns. They cause not only time and money losses but also irreversible environmental damages. This issue represents a big challenge not only for cities, transport companies, logistics service providers but also for each human being in the world. The thesis focuses on the utilization of a relatively new concept called city logistics, which should be the key for improvement of traffic situation in the cities through a higher level of transport organization and its management, cooperation between the parties and the search of new forms of transport, which don't support just the economic part of certain territory, but also brings sustainable development of transport in the future. While some cities try to become familiar only in theory, others have already obtained positive effects of its implementation. To those progressive cities belongs as well Paris to which I paid attention in diploma thesis.

The diploma thesis deals with Integrated public transport system in South Moravia region. The author describes the term of integrated public transport system and its advantages in the theoretical part of the thesis. The practical part deals with constitution and development of the system in the South Moravia region and describes its subsystems: organizing and economical, tariff and transport subystem. The final chapter describes transport systems in the regions of the Czech republic. The last chapter shows the shortages of the current transport system. The main aim of the thesis is to make analysis of the current system, to compare theoretical findings with the current situation, to situate the transport system in South Moravia into the frame of the public transportation in the Czech republic and to compare it with other systems.

The goal of this diploma thesis is to give a comprehensive overview about the use of international freight road transportation within forwarding company Transforwarding a.s. and also to suggest suitable solution for their future system of organizing international freight road transportation within a new area.

The theoretical part of the diploma thesis focuses on the drivers reacting on a pedestrian crossing during the day and the night. A particular attention is paid to all the factors that can influence drivers' behaviour while driving through a pedestrian crossing. The influence of the behaviour by these factors often causes car accidents with pedestrians. One of the basic techniques is to analyze the behavior of the driver in the optical perception of stimuli that affect the optical response. Eyetracker is used to measure the optical responses. This device monitors changes of the angle of a driver's view, navigation of a driver and the driver's reaction on different stimuli while driving. The practical part of the thesis deals with an analysis of the drivers' behaviour while driving through a pedestrian crossing during the day and during the night. Twelve drivers took part in the day measurement of driving through the pedestrian crossing in Brno. Night measurement was taken place in Břeclav and Lednice with the attendance of seven drivers. During the ride are monitored the optical reactions of drivers on various impulses with the use of a special device Eyetracker.

The diploma thesis focuses on a road safety inspection of selected intersections in Olomouc Region. The first step of the diploma thesis was to select 20 intersections, then each one was subjected to accident analysis. The intersections were compared by accident indicators, which were the basis of selection 11 intersections for visual inspection purposes. Based on visual inspections, the selection was further reduced to 4 intersections in Olomouc Region, which were subjected to detailed road safety inspection, then the potential risks influencing the origins of accident were identified and corrective measures were proposed in order to remove or eliminate the intersections problems.

The diploma thesis proposes new innovation strategy for The Brno Public Transport Authority (DPMB) tram vehicles. The thesis reviews different approaches to transport innovation strategy. Analyse current strategy in Transport Authority and finally is proposed original innovation strategy of DPMB tram vehicles. The proposal aims to serve as strategical document for the management and stakeholders in tramway fleet renewal.

Thanks to the development in recent years, the placement of miniaturized sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, global positioning system receivers (GPS), microphones or others to commercially sold smartphones is increasing. Use of these sensors (which are to be found in the smartphone) for human activity recognition with health care improvement in mind is a discussed theme. Advantages of the use of smartphone for human movement monitoring lies in the fact that it is a device that the person measured carries with them and there are no additional costs. The disadvantages are a limited storage and battery. Therefore, only accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, and microphone were chosen because their combination achieves best results. GPS sensor was excluded for its lack of reliability in sampling and for being energy demanding. Features were computed from the measured data and used for learning of the classification model. The highest accuracy was achieved with the use of a machine learning method called Random Forest. The main goal of this work was to create an algorithm for transportation mode recognition using signals sensed by a smartphone. The created algorithm succeeds in classification of walk, car, bus, tram, train, and bike in 97.4 % with 20 % holdout validation. When tested on a new set of data from the tenth volunteer, the resulting accuracy counted as average form classification recall for each transportation mode reached 90.49 %.