Tetracycline molecules including doxycycline (DOX), consist of a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics. In addition, tetracyclines inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) that contribute to tissue remodeling, inflammation, angiogenesis and are over-expressed in certain pathologies - such as Alzheimer’s disease, metastasis and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Tetracyclines are hypothesized to inhibit MMPs through the chelation and sequestration of catalytic divalent ions such zinc and calcium. This inhibitory duality may be beneficial in pathologies that are characterized by MMP over-expression and prone to infection, such as DFUs. Compared to oral administration, topical DOX is an attractive route of administration for chronic wound healing as it may minimize the risks: associated antibiotic resistance; is being targeted directly to the wound bed. However, DOX is notoriously unstable in aqueous solution and common topical formulations. Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LCMS) were employed to monitor stability using an in vitro MMP assay and an applicable E. coli anti-bacterial assay was assessed to quantify drug activity. 2 % (w/w) topical DOX demonstrated an acceptable stability 30 day when stored at 4 ºC. DOX inhibited MMP9 activity with an IC50 value of 48.27 μM. With respect to anti-bacterial activity, using cultured BL21 E.Coli and quantification of drug activity as an expression of colony forming units (CFUs) successfully reproduced the antimicrobial IC50 of doxycycline as 4.3 µM. Transdermal DOX has the potential to improve standard of care for DFUs, quality of life for the patient and reduce costs to the healthcare system. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / Tetracyclines comprise of a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics; whose primary mechanism of action is inhibition of protein synthesis through binding of the bacterial ribosome. In addition, tetracyclines inhibit matrix metalloprotease (MMPs), zinc-dependent proteases that contribute to tissue remodeling, angiogenesis and are over-expressed in certain pathophysiologies such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). The antibacterial mechanism of DOX on MMPs is reported and understood, however the inhibition is hypothesized to involve cation chelation. Thus, investigating this interaction is warranted to assist in developing a therapeutic for DFUs. A more logical product would involve direct topical application, such as a stable transdermal formulation of DOX.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

O aumento no consumo de antibióticos por seres humanos e animais tem elevado a sua concentração na sua forma inalterada ou de seus metabólitos, que chegam às estações de tratamento de efluentes, onde os tratamentos convencionais são incapazes de degradar estas moléculas, sendo liberadas diretamente nos corpos d\'água receptores. A liberação destas moléculas no meio ambiente tem proporcionado a seleção de organismos patogênicos resistentes, capazes de transmitir geneticamente esta característica a seus descendentes. Este trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo da degradação da molécula de cloridrato de doxiciclina, por ser um antibiótico de largo espectro da família das tetraciclinas, através do processo Fenton. Foram determinados neste trabalho as influências da temperatura, concentração inicial de peróxido de hidrogênio, concentração inicial de íon ferroso e do pH sobre a concentração residual de cloridrato de doxiciclina, concentração residual de peróxido de hidrogênio, concentração de íon ferroso e de carbono orgânico total (COT) em função do tempo de reação. Os métodos analíticos empregados foram baseados em espectrofotometria, análise instrumental para a determinação do carbono orgânico total (COT), titulometria e cromatografia líquida (CLAE) com detectores de UV e de massa. Testes preliminares mostraram que as melhores condições operacionais de temperatura, concentrações de íon ferroso e de peróxido de hidrogênio estariam ao redor de CFe2+ = 62,5 mg/L, CH2O2 = 500 mg/L e T = 20ºC. Estas condições foram utilizadas como ponto central do planejamento fatorial do tipo Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional (DCCR). Os resultados do planejamento tratados com o software Statistica® mostraram que as condições operacionais para a menor concentração residual de fármaco (0 mg/L) e redução de 40,9% da carga orgânica em solução deveriam estar ao redor de concentração de íon ferroso, CFe2+ = 25 mg/L, concentração de peróxido de hidrogênio, CH2O2 = 611 mg/L e temperatura = 35ºC, das quais a variável CH2O2 apresentou a maior importância estatística. Ao redor destas condições foi feita uma análise paramétrica para se verificar as influências individuais da temperatura, CFe2+, CH2O2 e da relação CFe2+/ CH2O2. Também foi testada a citotoxicidade dos resíduos gerados. Este estudo mostrou que a variável de maior importância sobre o processo foi a concentração de peróxido de hidrogênio, que tem relação direta com a razão CFe2+/ CH2O2 apresentado melhores resultados quando esta é mantida igual a 0,16. Houve melhora acentuada na mineralização da matéria orgânica com a inserção de microbolhas de ar, obtendo assim redução de até 44% da matéria orgânica em relação à concentração inicial de carbono orgânico de 55 mg/L. Apesar da baixa mineralização obtida pelo estudo, o processo Fenton se mostrou promissor na degradação do cloridrato de doxiciclina, devido principalmente ao fato de os resíduos de degradação não possuírem ação inibitória sobre o organismo teste Escherichia coli e nem citotoxicidade sobre as células L-929, evidenciando que as propriedades antibióticas da molécula foram inativadas, inibindo a capacidade de promover a resistência bacteriana a este antibiótico. / The increasing consumption of antibiotics by humans and animals have increased their concentrations in the environment in their unchanged form or of their metabolites, that reach public wastewater treatment plants, which are unable to degrade these molecules, and are released into surface waters. The release of these molecules in the environment has caused the selection of resistant pathogenic organisms, genetically capable of transmitting this feature to their descendants. This work has as objective the study of the degradation of doxycycline hydrochloride, which is a common broad-spectrum antibiotic of the tetracycline family, by the Fenton process. In this work were determined the influences of temperature, initial hydrogen peroxide concentration, initial ferrous ion concentration and of pH on the final residual concentration of doxycycline, residual concentration of hydrogen peroxide, residual concentration of ferrous ion and total organic carbon (TOC) along the reaction time, using titrations and instrumental analytical techniques as spectrophotometry, TOC analyzer and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV and mass detectors. Preliminary tests showed that the best operating conditions of temperature, concentrations of ferrous ion and hydrogen peroxide would be around CFe2+ = 62.5 mg/L, CH2O2 = 500 mg/L and T = 20°C. These conditions were use d as the central point of the Central Composite Rotational Design (DCCR). The results of the experimental planning were treated with the Statistica® software and it was showed that the operational conditions for the smallest residual drug concentration (0 mg/L) and 40.9% TOC reduction should be around ferrous ion concentration, CFe2+ = 25 mg/L, concentration of hydrogen peroxide, CH2O2 = 611 mg/L and temperature = 35°C. The hydrogen peroxide exhibited the highest statistical importance of the studied variables. It was accomplished a parametric study around the best operational conditions inferred from the statistical analysis to check the individual influences of temperature, CFe2+, CH2O2 and the ratio CFe2+/ CH2O2. It was also verified the cytotoxicity of the reaction mediums after the end of the experiments. This study showed that the process is highly dependent of the hydrogen peroxide concentration, directly related to the ratio CFe2+/ CH2O2 and presented the best results when this ratio was kept equal to 0.16. It was observed a marked improvement in the mineralization of the organic matter, up to 44% reduction of the initial TOC value of 55 mg/L, when air was pumped to the reaction medium. Despite the low mineralization obtained in this study, the Fenton process proved to be promising in the degradation of doxycycline hydrochloride, due mainly to the low cytotoxicity of the residues. It was observed neither inhibitory action on the test organism Escherichia coli nor cytotoxicity on L-929 cells, indicating that the antibiotic properties of the molecule had been inactivated and also its ability to stimulate bacterial resistance to this antibiotic.

O aumento no consumo de antibióticos por seres humanos e animais tem elevado a sua concentração na sua forma inalterada ou de seus metabólitos, que chegam às estações de tratamento de efluentes, onde os tratamentos convencionais são incapazes de degradar estas moléculas, sendo liberadas diretamente nos corpos d\'água receptores. A liberação destas moléculas no meio ambiente tem proporcionado a seleção de organismos patogênicos resistentes, capazes de transmitir geneticamente esta característica a seus descendentes. Este trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo da degradação da molécula de cloridrato de doxiciclina, por ser um antibiótico de largo espectro da família das tetraciclinas, através do processo Fenton. Foram determinados neste trabalho as influências da temperatura, concentração inicial de peróxido de hidrogênio, concentração inicial de íon ferroso e do pH sobre a concentração residual de cloridrato de doxiciclina, concentração residual de peróxido de hidrogênio, concentração de íon ferroso e de carbono orgânico total (COT) em função do tempo de reação. Os métodos analíticos empregados foram baseados em espectrofotometria, análise instrumental para a determinação do carbono orgânico total (COT), titulometria e cromatografia líquida (CLAE) com detectores de UV e de massa. Testes preliminares mostraram que as melhores condições operacionais de temperatura, concentrações de íon ferroso e de peróxido de hidrogênio estariam ao redor de CFe2+ = 62,5 mg/L, CH2O2 = 500 mg/L e T = 20ºC. Estas condições foram utilizadas como ponto central do planejamento fatorial do tipo Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional (DCCR). Os resultados do planejamento tratados com o software Statistica® mostraram que as condições operacionais para a menor concentração residual de fármaco (0 mg/L) e redução de 40,9% da carga orgânica em solução deveriam estar ao redor de concentração de íon ferroso, CFe2+ = 25 mg/L, concentração de peróxido de hidrogênio, CH2O2 = 611 mg/L e temperatura = 35ºC, das quais a variável CH2O2 apresentou a maior importância estatística. Ao redor destas condições foi feita uma análise paramétrica para se verificar as influências individuais da temperatura, CFe2+, CH2O2 e da relação CFe2+/ CH2O2. Também foi testada a citotoxicidade dos resíduos gerados. Este estudo mostrou que a variável de maior importância sobre o processo foi a concentração de peróxido de hidrogênio, que tem relação direta com a razão CFe2+/ CH2O2 apresentado melhores resultados quando esta é mantida igual a 0,16. Houve melhora acentuada na mineralização da matéria orgânica com a inserção de microbolhas de ar, obtendo assim redução de até 44% da matéria orgânica em relação à concentração inicial de carbono orgânico de 55 mg/L. Apesar da baixa mineralização obtida pelo estudo, o processo Fenton se mostrou promissor na degradação do cloridrato de doxiciclina, devido principalmente ao fato de os resíduos de degradação não possuírem ação inibitória sobre o organismo teste Escherichia coli e nem citotoxicidade sobre as células L-929, evidenciando que as propriedades antibióticas da molécula foram inativadas, inibindo a capacidade de promover a resistência bacteriana a este antibiótico. / The increasing consumption of antibiotics by humans and animals have increased their concentrations in the environment in their unchanged form or of their metabolites, that reach public wastewater treatment plants, which are unable to degrade these molecules, and are released into surface waters. The release of these molecules in the environment has caused the selection of resistant pathogenic organisms, genetically capable of transmitting this feature to their descendants. This work has as objective the study of the degradation of doxycycline hydrochloride, which is a common broad-spectrum antibiotic of the tetracycline family, by the Fenton process. In this work were determined the influences of temperature, initial hydrogen peroxide concentration, initial ferrous ion concentration and of pH on the final residual concentration of doxycycline, residual concentration of hydrogen peroxide, residual concentration of ferrous ion and total organic carbon (TOC) along the reaction time, using titrations and instrumental analytical techniques as spectrophotometry, TOC analyzer and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV and mass detectors. Preliminary tests showed that the best operating conditions of temperature, concentrations of ferrous ion and hydrogen peroxide would be around CFe2+ = 62.5 mg/L, CH2O2 = 500 mg/L and T = 20°C. These conditions were use d as the central point of the Central Composite Rotational Design (DCCR). The results of the experimental planning were treated with the Statistica® software and it was showed that the operational conditions for the smallest residual drug concentration (0 mg/L) and 40.9% TOC reduction should be around ferrous ion concentration, CFe2+ = 25 mg/L, concentration of hydrogen peroxide, CH2O2 = 611 mg/L and temperature = 35°C. The hydrogen peroxide exhibited the highest statistical importance of the studied variables. It was accomplished a parametric study around the best operational conditions inferred from the statistical analysis to check the individual influences of temperature, CFe2+, CH2O2 and the ratio CFe2+/ CH2O2. It was also verified the cytotoxicity of the reaction mediums after the end of the experiments. This study showed that the process is highly dependent of the hydrogen peroxide concentration, directly related to the ratio CFe2+/ CH2O2 and presented the best results when this ratio was kept equal to 0.16. It was observed a marked improvement in the mineralization of the organic matter, up to 44% reduction of the initial TOC value of 55 mg/L, when air was pumped to the reaction medium. Despite the low mineralization obtained in this study, the Fenton process proved to be promising in the degradation of doxycycline hydrochloride, due mainly to the low cytotoxicity of the residues. It was observed neither inhibitory action on the test organism Escherichia coli nor cytotoxicity on L-929 cells, indicating that the antibiotic properties of the molecule had been inactivated and also its ability to stimulate bacterial resistance to this antibiotic.

Transthyretin (TTR)-associated amyloidoses are diseases wherein wild-type or mutant TTR forms amyloid fibrils that infiltrate multiple organs. Wild-type TTR amyloidosis, ATTRwt, is a sporadic disease characterized by deposits that occur mainly in the heart. Alternatively, >100 TTR mutants cause inherited forms, ATTRm, frequently featuring cardiac amyloid deposits. The goals of this research were to create a cell-based model of ATTR amyloidosis, to define the mechanism of cardiac TTR-associated amyloid at the cellular level, and to study several agents that could interrupt the amyloid process. We hypothesized that TTR oligomers were cardiotoxic and played a role in the mechanism of ATTR amyloidosis, and that cytotoxicity could be inhibited by diflunisal, doxycycline, and Kiacta®. Focusing on TTR proteins associated with cardiac amyloidosis (wild-type, L55P, V30A, and V122), we developed a thermal denaturation method for creating TTR oligomers that allowed us to study the direct effect of oligomers on cells. Congo red and thioflavin T analyses confirmed that the oligomers were on pathway to amyloid fibril formation. We tested the effect of TTR oligomers on rat and human cardiac cells by measuring cell viability and stress response (through live protease activity and qPCR). TTR-L55P oligomers elicited a cytotoxic effect; fluorescent microscopy indicated cellular uptake of the oligomers and continued intra-cellular aggregation. Cytotoxicity was blocked when TTR was heated in the presence of doxycycline; the drug appeared to dissociate TTR aggregates or stabilize the monomeric forms. We also investigated retinol-binding protein (RBP), a natural binding partner of TTR. By immuno-histochemistry, RBP was demonstrated in ATTRwt and ATTRm `non-amyloid' transplant heart tissues, localized to areas containing amyloid or in the case of the transplant tissue, regions that appeared to display ischemic damage. Serum RBP levels were significantly different in ATTR vs. age-matched controls (p = 0.03), and in ATTRwt vs. ATTRm (p <0.0001) by ELISA. These data provide evidence that TTR oligomers are cardiotoxic, possibly due to cellular internalization and progressive intracellular aggregation. Furthermore, our results support the use of doxycycline as a therapeutic in ATTR to target these amyloidogenic oligomers, and suggest that RBP may have potential as a disease biomarker.

The problems and high medical costs associated with chronic wounds necessitate an economical bioactive wound dressing. A new strategy was investigated to inhibit MMP-9 proteases and to release epidermal growth factor (EGF) to enhance healing. Doxycycline (DOX) and EGF were encapsulated on polyacrylic acid modified polyurethane film (PAA-PU) using Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly. The number of bilayers tuned the concentration of DOX and EGF released over time with over 94% bioactivity of EGF retained over 4 days. A simple wound model in which MMP-9 proteases were added to cell culture containing fibroblast cells demonstrated that DOX inhibited the proteases providing a protective environment for the released EGF to stimulate cell migration and proliferation at a faster healing rate. In the presence of DOX, only small amounts of the highly bioactive EGF are sufficient to close the wound. Results show that this is new and promising bioactive dressing for effective wound management.

The problems and high medical costs associated with chronic wounds necessitate an economical bioactive wound dressing. A new strategy was investigated to inhibit MMP-9 proteases and to release epidermal growth factor (EGF) to enhance healing. Doxycycline (DOX) and EGF were encapsulated on polyacrylic acid modified polyurethane film (PAA-PU) using Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly. The number of bilayers tuned the concentration of DOX and EGF released over time with over 94% bioactivity of EGF retained over 4 days. A simple wound model in which MMP-9 proteases were added to cell culture containing fibroblast cells demonstrated that DOX inhibited the proteases providing a protective environment for the released EGF to stimulate cell migration and proliferation at a faster healing rate. In the presence of DOX, only small amounts of the highly bioactive EGF are sufficient to close the wound. Results show that this is new and promising bioactive dressing for effective wound management.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:57:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 kogawa_ac_me_arafcf.pdf: 783357 bytes, checksum: 330145f53ce10033f6de1406faecdc62 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O hiclato de doxiciclina é um antimicrobiano de amplo espectro derivado sintético da oxitetraciclina utilizado em vários países. Tem sido utilizado no tratamento de doenças infecciosas e como aditivo na alimentação de animais para facilitar o seu crescimento. No Brasil este fármaco é comercializado pela indústria farmacêutica União Química na forma farmacêutica comprimidos de 80 mg e 200 mg com o nome Doxitrat ® e pó liofilizado de 10 mL com o nome Calmium ® . Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar metodologias analíticas mais dinâmicas para o hiclato de doxiciclina, incluindo análises espectrofotométricas, cromatográficas e microbiológicas, comparar o teor e a ação antimicrobiana do hiclato de doxiciclina e o seu complexo de inclusão com a β-ciclodextrina, realizar estudo de dissolução, bem como dispor de técnicas de identificação qualitativa para a forma farmacêutica comprimido e matéria-prima. A análise qualitativa foi realizada por determinação do ponto de fusão, cinzas sulfatadas, cromatografia em camada delgada e espectrofotometria no ultravioleta (UV) possibilitando a identificação das amostras. Os métodos de análise quantitativos empregados e validados foram: (i) espectrofotometria no UV a 268 nm, na faixa de concentração de 6,0 - 21,0 μg/mL no qual foram avaliados os parâmetros de linearidade, precisão, exatidão, seletividade, limites de detecção e de quantificação e robustez, com teor médio nos comprimidos de 111,34 %; (ii) CLAE, coluna Luna CN e fase... / Doxycycline hyclate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic synthetically derived of oxytetracycline and is used in several countries to treat infectious diseases and additive in animal nutrition to facilitate growth. In Brazil this compound is marketed by União Química Indústria Farmacêutica as 80 mg and 200 mg tablets under the name Doxitrat®. Calmium® is the name of the vial 10 mL. This study aimed to develop and validate analytical methods more dynamic for the doxycycline hyclate, including spectroscopic, chromatographic and microbiological analysis, compare the content and the antimicrobial action of doxycycline hyclate and the inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin, conduct study of dissolution as well as providing qualitative identification techniques for the dosage form compressed and raw materials. Qualitative analysis was performed by determining the melting point, sulphated ash, thin layer chromatography and spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet (UV) allowing the identification of samples. The quantitative analysis validated methods were: (i) UV spectrophotometry at 268 nm in the concentration range of 6.0 -21.0 μg/mL in which the parameters were evaluated for linearity, precision, accuracy, selectivity, limit of detection, limit of quantification and robustness, with an average content of 111.34% (ii) HPLC Luna CN... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado / Banca: Marcela Raquel Longhi / Banca: Marlus Chorilli / Resumo: O hiclato de doxiciclina é um antimicrobiano de amplo espectro derivado sintético da oxitetraciclina utilizado em vários países. Tem sido utilizado no tratamento de doenças infecciosas e como aditivo na alimentação de animais para facilitar o seu crescimento. No Brasil este fármaco é comercializado pela indústria farmacêutica União Química na forma farmacêutica comprimidos de 80 mg e 200 mg com o nome Doxitrat ® e pó liofilizado de 10 mL com o nome Calmium ® . Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar metodologias analíticas mais dinâmicas para o hiclato de doxiciclina, incluindo análises espectrofotométricas, cromatográficas e microbiológicas, comparar o teor e a ação antimicrobiana do hiclato de doxiciclina e o seu complexo de inclusão com a β-ciclodextrina, realizar estudo de dissolução, bem como dispor de técnicas de identificação qualitativa para a forma farmacêutica comprimido e matéria-prima. A análise qualitativa foi realizada por determinação do ponto de fusão, cinzas sulfatadas, cromatografia em camada delgada e espectrofotometria no ultravioleta (UV) possibilitando a identificação das amostras. Os métodos de análise quantitativos empregados e validados foram: (i) espectrofotometria no UV a 268 nm, na faixa de concentração de 6,0 - 21,0 μg/mL no qual foram avaliados os parâmetros de linearidade, precisão, exatidão, seletividade, limites de detecção e de quantificação e robustez, com teor médio nos comprimidos de 111,34 %; (ii) CLAE, coluna Luna CN e fase... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Doxycycline hyclate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic synthetically derived of oxytetracycline and is used in several countries to treat infectious diseases and additive in animal nutrition to facilitate growth. In Brazil this compound is marketed by União Química Indústria Farmacêutica as 80 mg and 200 mg tablets under the name Doxitrat®. Calmium® is the name of the vial 10 mL. This study aimed to develop and validate analytical methods more dynamic for the doxycycline hyclate, including spectroscopic, chromatographic and microbiological analysis, compare the content and the antimicrobial action of doxycycline hyclate and the inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin, conduct study of dissolution as well as providing qualitative identification techniques for the dosage form compressed and raw materials. Qualitative analysis was performed by determining the melting point, sulphated ash, thin layer chromatography and spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet (UV) allowing the identification of samples. The quantitative analysis validated methods were: (i) UV spectrophotometry at 268 nm in the concentration range of 6.0 -21.0 μg/mL in which the parameters were evaluated for linearity, precision, accuracy, selectivity, limit of detection, limit of quantification and robustness, with an average content of 111.34% (ii) HPLC Luna CN... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-06-28T15:29:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 katiamariadeoliveiraalmeida.pdf: 3093413 bytes, checksum: d923595bf14efb144eaf44c719ed26b8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-07-03T14:45:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 katiamariadeoliveiraalmeida.pdf: 3093413 bytes, checksum: d923595bf14efb144eaf44c719ed26b8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-03T14:45:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 katiamariadeoliveiraalmeida.pdf: 3093413 bytes, checksum: d923595bf14efb144eaf44c719ed26b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-05 / FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / Xantanas são polissacarídeos ramificados, de alta massa molar (> 106 Da), constituídos de glicose, manose e ácido glucurônico. Elas são obtidas pela fermentação de Xanthomonas campestris, geralmente consideradas seguras e aprovadas para uso em indústrias alimentícias e farmacêuticas, como espessantes. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar, do ponto de vista estrutural, coloidal e reológico; goma xantana biossintetizada a partir de glicose, visando avaliar seu estado de agregação em solução aquosa. A xantana foi produzida em um meio contendo 1,5% de glicose, 0,5% de K2HPO4, 0,2% de NH4Cl, 0,1% de NaCl, 0,01% de MgSO4 e 0,1% de extrato de levedura inoculado com Xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis e incubadas a 30 oC (72 h), em duplicata, obtendo-se as amostras XantG1 e XantG2. Visto que biopolímeros têm sido amplamente utilizados na indústria farmacêutica, sobretudo, na fabricação de sistemas de liberação controlada de fármacos, este trabalho objetivou também a investigação do complexo formado através da complexação da xantana com o antibiótico catiônico doxiciclina. As xantanas puras foram caracterizadas no estado sólido por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR) e análises térmicas (TGA e DTA). Em solução, foram caracterizadas por medidas de condutividade elétrica, espalhamento de luz dinâmico (DLS), potencial zeta (ZP) e reologias estacionária e dinâmico-oscilatória, todas a 25 oC. As interações entre doxiciclina e xantana foram investigadas utilizando-se os mesmos métodos, além da calorimetria isotérmica de titulação (ITC) que foi utilizada para medida dos parâmetros termodinâmicos de complexação. A ação antimicrobiana do complexo Dox/Xant foi avaliada através de estudos biológicos. Os espectros de infravermelho e as análises térmicas foram muito semelhantes para as duas amostras de xantana pura (XantG1 e XantG2), além de muito semelhantes aos encontrados para outras xantanas da literatura, mostrando a reprodutibilidade dos processos de síntese e purificação. Quando em solução aquosa, ambas mostraram estabilidade química por pelo menos 23 dias, já que a condutividade elétrica praticamente não se alterou. As medidas de diâmetro hidrodinâmico, potencial zeta, condutividade elétrica e reologia demonstraram que as xantanas comportam-se como polieletrólitos que sofrem diferentes níveis de agregação em solução, dependendo da concentração. A solução de xantana a 2 g/L mostrou forte pseudoplasticidade decorrente da existência dos emaranhados moleculares, o que justifica seu uso como espessante. Quanto ao complexo doxiciclina/xantana, sua formação foi monitorada por titulações calorimétrica, reológica e por potencial zeta. Os dados de calorimetria isotérmica mostraram que a xantana apresenta dois sítios distintos de interação com a doxiciclina, sendo uma das etapas de complexação exotérmica e a outra endotérmica. Os experimentos de titulação reológica mostraram forte redução da viscosidade durante a titulação, sugerindo que a interação doxiciclina/xantana gera um colapso na estrutura dos polímeros, quebrando os emaranhados. Finalmente, a atividade antimicrobiana dos complexos e dos precursores foi avaliada frente à Staphylococcus aureus 323886023, por determinação da dose letal mediana e curva de morte. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a formação dos complexos levou a um aumento da atividade antimicrobiana, através da redução da dose letal mediana e do tempo de inibição. Isto demonstra que a preparação de complexos de xantanas com a doxiciclina pode ser uma alternativa promissora para o desenvolvimento de uma nova formulação para liberação controlada desse fármaco. / Xanthans are branched polysaccharides of high molecular mass (> 106 Da), consisting of glucose, mannose and glucuronic acid. They are usually obtained by the fermentation of Xanthomonas campestris, which has been considered safe and approved for use in the food and pharmaceutical industries, as thickeners. The present work aimed to characterize xanthan gums biosynthesized from glucose from structural, colloidal and rheological point of view, aiming to evaluate its state of aggregation in aqueous solution. They were produced in duplicate using a medium containing 1.5% glucose, 0.5% K2HPO4, 0.2% NH4Cl, 0.1% NaCl, 0.01% MgSO4 and 0.1% yeast extract inoculated with Xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis and incubated at 30 oC (72 h), in order to obtain the XantG1 and XantG2 samples. Since biopolymers have been widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, especially in the manufacture of controlled drug delivery systems, this work also aimed to investigate the complex formed through the complexation of xanthan and the cationic antibiotic doxycycline. The pure xanthans had their chemical structures characterized in solid state by FTIR and their thermal profile evaluated by TGA/DTA thermal analysis. Moreover, measurements of electrical conductivity, hydrodynamic diameter (by DLS), Zeta potential and stationary and oscillatory dynamic rheologies were used to investigate their aggregations state at different concentrations. Further, the complexes xanthan/doxycycline (Xant/Dox) were characterized in solid state by infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis (TGA and DTA), while the complexation process was monitored by zeta potential, DLS, viscosimetric and isothermal calorimetry (ITC) titrations. Stationary rheology studies at 25 oC where used to know the flow profile of the so-produced suspensions after titration. Antimicrobial action of the complexes was evaluated through biological studies. The infrared spectra and the thermal analyzes were very similar for the two pure xanthan samples, showing the reproducibility of the synthesis and purification processes, besides being very similar to those found for other xanthanes in the literature. The electrical conductivity data as a function of time showed chemical stability of the compounds for at least 23 days in aqueous solution. The hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential, electrical conductivity and rheology measurements showed that xanthanes behave as polyelectrolytes that undergo different levels of aggregation in solution depending on the concentration. The solution of xanthan at 2 g / L showed strong pseudoplasticity due to the existence of molecular entanglements, which justifies its use as a thickener. As for the doxycycline/xanthan complex, its formation was monitored by calorimetric, rheological and zeta potential titrations. The data of isothermal calorimetry showed that xanthan presents two distinct sites of interaction with doxycycline, being one of the exothermic and the other endothermic complexation stages. The rheological titration experiments showed strong reduction of viscosity during titration, suggesting that the doxycycline/xanthan interaction causes a collapse in the structure of the polymers, breaking the entanglements. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of the complexes and precursors was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus 32388602 by lethal dose and death curve assays. The results showed that the formation of the complexes led to an increase in the antimicrobial activity, through the reduction of the lethal dose and the time of inhibition. This demonstrates that the preparation of xanthan complexes with doxycycline may be a promising alternative for the development of a novel formulation for controlled release of that drug.