Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1983.

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1985.

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1984.

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1984.

Hälsolitteracitet innebär patientens kognitiva förmåga att förstå och tillämpa hälsoinformation. Enligt Hendersons omvårdnadsteori bör sjuksköterskan förstå och assistera när patienten inte har tillräcklig motivation, kunskap eller styrka för att självständigt uppnå hälsa. Syftet med studien var att beskriva distriktsköterskans förhållningssätt till hälsolitteracitet i bemötandet av patienter på en vårdcentral. Studien är en kvalitativ intervjustudie med induktiv ansats. Fem distriktssköterskor från tre olika vårdcentraler intervjuades utifrån en intervjuguide med semi-strukturerade frågor. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys genomfördes och ett övergripande tema framkom; Distriktssköterskan skapar delaktighet hos patienten genom ett engagerat förhållningssätt till hälsolitteracitet. Tre kategorier identifierades; strävar efter förtroendefulla relationer, anpassar sig efter patienten samt uppmuntrar till empowerment. Distriktssköterskorna menade att de strävade efter att skapa insikt och motivation hos patienterna för att åstadkomma delaktighet. Ingen av distriktssköterskorna i denna pilotstudie hade hört talas om begreppet hälsolitteracitet. Trots detta beskrev de att de arbetade utifrån en förståelse att patienterna hade olika möjligheter att förstå och tillämpa informationen. Pilotstudien kan ligga till grund för en fullskalig studie om distriktssköterskors förhållningssätt till hälsolitteracitet, anpassad till svensk hälso- och sjukvård. / Health literacy is the patient's cognitive ability to understand and apply health information. According to Henderson's nursing theory the nurse should understand and assist the patient who does not have sufficient motivation, knowledge or strength to independently achieve health. The aim of this study was to identify the district nurses' attitude to health literacy in their treatment of patients at a medical centre. The study was a qualitative interview study with an inductive approach. Five district nurses from three medical centres were interviewed using an interview guide based on semi-structured questions. A qualitative content analysis was performed and revealed the following theme; the district nurse encouraged patient participation through an approachable and committed approach to health literacy. Three categories were identified; strive for trust, adapt to the patient and encourage empowerment. The district nurses described that they strived to create insight and motivation to encourage them to participate in their own health care. None of the district nurses in this pilot study were familiar with the term health literacy. Despite this, they described that they understood that their patients had differing abilities in understanding and applying information. This pilot study offers a basis for a full-scale study of district nurses application of health literacy, customized to Swedish health care system.

AIM The aim was to explore the experiences of HIV-positive individuals before and after gaining access to antiretroviral therapy in Wakiso District, Uganda and how antiretroviral therapy impacts certain aspects of those living with HIV, such as sexual behavior, support systems, faith and personal identity. METHODS Based on secondary data analysis of “Life On Antiretroviral Therapy: People’s Adaptive Coping And Adjustment To Living With HIV As A Chronic Condition In Wakiso District, Uganda” by Steven Russell (2015). The data was reanalysed using the conceptual framework from Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems model. RESULTS Six main themes will be presented including personal life after HIV diagnosis, acceptance of HIV status, disclosure of identity, changes in sexual behavior, different types of support systems, and increasing faith and strength from God. After receiving antiretroviral therapy, the quality of life seemed to improve for some of the participants. Participants described their experiences living with HIV/AIDS, such changes in personal goals and perception of self, immediate acceptance of positive HIV results, disclosure of identity to certain people, the different types of support offered from each support system they have, abstaining from sex and the use of contraceptives against future transmission. Furthermore, participants have also described an increase of faith and belief in God in order to cope with HIV/AIDS. CONCLUSION People living with HIV in Wakiso District, Uganda have described significant changes in their lives after receiving antiretroviral therapy. These changes affect them both physically and emotionally therefore more research must be done to investigate the influence of antiretroviral therapy on wellbeing.

Bakgrund: I hemsjukvården ges den patientnära omsorgen vanligen av en anhörigvårdare och utan dem skulle befolkningens omsorgsbehov inte kunna tillgodoses. Anhörigvårdare upplever sig behöva kontinuerligt stöd från sjukvården. Det sociala stödet är en viktig del av vad som upprätthåller individen men det är omtvistat huruvida socialt stöd ska komma från hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Syftet var att genom en begreppsanalys förtydliga begreppet socialt stöd med inriktning mot användning och betydelse för anhörigvårdare. Metod: Begreppsanalysen följer Rodgers Evolutionary Concept Analysis. Artikelsökning genomfördes i 20 databaser. Det slutliga urvalet bestod av 38 artiklar ur vilka synonyma/relaterade termer, antecedenter, kännetecken, konsekvenser och exempel av socialt stöd identifierades. Resultat: Resultatet visar att större delen av det sociala stödet kommer från resurser utanför hälso- och sjukvården men samtidigt att vissa stödinsatser var verkningslösa om de inte kom från utbildad personal. Resultatet diskuterades utifrån Husted och Husteds omvårdnadsteori The Symphonological Bioethical Theory och den vidare analysfasen. Konklusion och implikation: Socialt stöd finns och erbjuds anhörigvårdare men behöver anpassas utifrån anhörigvårdarens situation för att få avsedd verkan. Resultatet kan hjälpa distriktssköterskor att konkret stödja anhörigvårdare och därigenom minska risken för ohälsa kopplad till att vara anhörigvårdare. Vidare studier behövs för att ta ett bredare grepp på ämnet och utreda hur anpassningen kan ske så att anhörigvårdarna både kan erbjudas och ta emot det sociala stödet. / Background: Within home nursing most of the care is carried out by a family caregiver and without them the needs of the citizens would not be met. Caregivers feel they need continuous support from health care professionals. Social support is an important part of what sustains the individual but it is disputed whether the social support should come from health professionals. The aim was to, through a conceptual analysis, clarify the concept of social support with focus on the use and importance of caregivers. Method: The study follows Rodgers’ evolutionary method of concept analysis. Searches were made in 20 databases and the final sample consisted of 38 articles from which surrogate/related terms, antecedents, attributes, consequences and examples from social support were identified. Results: The results shows that the greater part of social support comes from outside the health care but that at the same time, some support measures were ineffective if they did not come from trained personnel. The results are discussed based on Husted and Husteds’ Symphonological Bioethical Theory and the further analysis phase. Conclusion and implication: Social support to caregivers needs to be tailored to the caregivers’ needs in order to have the intended effect. This result can help district nurses to understand how to support caregivers and thereby lessen their risk of health detoriation. Further research is needed to take a broader perspective on the subject and examine how social support can best be adapted so that carers can both be offered and receive social support.

This study examined the data use of central office administrators working in the Curriculum and Instruction Department of a school district. The purpose of this work was to broaden the knowledge base of data use and of the integral role the central office plays in the district-wide use of data to improve teaching and learning. Two research questions guided the study: (a) How do central office personnel involved in curriculum and instruction use data to support district goals of improved student achievement, and (b) how do central office personnel involved in curriculum and instruction use data to support campus goals of improved student achievement? A qualitative and quantitative data collection process with a single-case study approach included focus groups, individual interviews, and a survey instrument. The data from these components were coded, analyzed, and translated into themes and findings using a 9-step constant-comparative process. This process provided rich description and a comprehensive evaluation of findings to answer the research questions. Findings regarding the use of data within the department of curriculum and instruction at the central office revealed that administrators most often took on the role of data provider. The central office provided reports both to campuses and to comply with federal and state regulations and funding requirements; provided professional development to principals, teachers, and instructional specialists; provided information about student achievement to parents and the greater community; and encouraged the use of data and highlighted the value of data use to inform instructional choices. Further analysis of the data revealed barriers that inhibit the systemic use of data and the ability of school districts to become truly data informed: lack of a common vision for data use, creation of data silos that reduce the ability to collaborate and make cooperative data-based decisions, too much data for consideration, and fragmented implementation of the goal-setting process. These findings contribute to the current literature by demonstrating the importance of the central office in data use. In conclusion, what central office administrators do with data matters, and how the central office uses data to support teacher and principal quality is critical in a district focused on improving teaching and student learning. / text

The Batopilas Mining District was a major silver producer, with estimated historic production of more than 300 million ounces. Orebodies consist of high-grade silver in the forms of native silver, acanthite and proustite hosted dominantly in calcite veins. Recent exploration has facilitated the reexamination of the geologic features and origin of the enigmatic native silver district. Sulfur, lead, and strontium isotopic studies have been conducted to constrain the fluid and metal sourcing. [delta]³⁴SvCDT isotope signatures for galena, sphalerite and pyrite range from -8 to -2, -6 to 0, and -5 to 3°/₀₀, respectively. A fractionation temperature of 227±25 °C can be obtained using average sulfur isotope values for galena and sphalerite. Galena lead isotopic values show two distinct signatures. Samples of massive-replacement style mineralization have ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb values of 18.742 and 18.747, 15.611 and 15.618, and 38.512 and 38.535, respectively. For vein samples, the corresponding values range from 18.799 to 18.817, 15.623 to 15.639, and 38.603 to 38.655. The lead isotopic signatures for vein galena have lower thorogenic lead content than other ore deposits in the Sierra Madre Occidental, suggesting a different source of metals. Vein calcite samples have ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotopic compositions ranging from 0.707551 to 0.70590 (±0.000009) and Sr concentrations ranging from 51 to 246 ppm. These vein components may reflect mixed deep-marine sedimentary and Precambrian basement sources. A reconnaissance fluid inclusion study was conducted to better constrain fluid temperature and composition. The minerals studied included quartz, fluorite, and two types of sphalerite. The average eutectic temperatures obtained are -38°C, -31°C, and -43°C, respectively, indicating a complex mineralizing brine. Homogenization temperatures averaged 143°C, 165°C, and 174°C, and the NaCl equivalent weight percents averaged 4, 7, and 17, respectively. Fluids involved in vein mineralization are different from those typical of epithermal vein Ag-Au deposits, and may represent sedimentary brines that have circulated through the underlying basement. / text

Not available / text