Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnnaCA_DISSERT.pdf: 1713036 bytes, checksum: 3c9ee62eca8f387db57d2214ac357913 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / In the current conjuncture, the environmental factor has been changing the position of companies that are practicing or minimally adopting environmental management. Such tool has been used by companies to face the problems caused by solid waste, in particular green coconut waste, which is constantly among the material discarded by society (companies/ consumer). It is a typical tropical fruit whose fresh water is very benefic for human health, and its popularization has caused a progressive increase of its consumption. Following this stream of thought, this present work came up with an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities SWOT analysis on green coconut solid waste management at two agribusiness companies in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil, aiming to know the challenges and the potentials of this kind of waste. According to the approach of the problem, this work fits a descriptive, exploratory, and qualitative research. The data collection was obtained by a questionnaire and a structured interview, in order to evaluate the strategic posture of agribusiness companies through SWOT analysis, which is an English acronym for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. The SWOT analysis is an effective tool to analyze the internal and external environment of an organization. This tool contributes to locate the company at the environment in question and when well applied it enables the detection of mistakes, the strengthening of correct procedures, the avoidance of threats, and the bet on opportunities. The studied agribusiness industries have very similar profiles, such as a long business life span, and a strategy that extends the useful life of the fruit, by using its waste for the manufacturing of new subproducts. In both, the daily quantity of waste resulted of this process reaches approximately 20 thousand units of the fruit in high season, being necessary a focus directed at use and/or treatment of these waste. Further to SWOT analysis, it was ascertained that the agribusiness company A works through a defensive marketing strategy and acts vulnerably, in other words, unable of acting before this market segment, for it has decided to stop using the waste due to a lack of equipment and technology. On the other hand, the agribusiness company B has incorporated an offensive marketing strategy because even not possessing equipments, technology, and appropriated internal installations, it still insists on use and benefits of green coconut waste in its agribusiness. Thus, it is considered that the potential of green coconut waste management for the production of several subproducts reduces the impacts produced by inappropriate placement and generates profits in a short, medium and long term. Such profits being tangible and intangible, as the interest for sustainability actions is not only a matter of obtaining return on capital, but it is an important question in order to move on into business, since it is not enough to have quality on products and process nowadays. It is necessary to establish socio-environmental practices aiming the image of the company as the prevailing role on consumers buying decision / A causa ambiental, na atual conjectura, est? alterando o posicionamento das empresas que est?o praticando ou minimamente adotando a gest?o ambiental. Tal ferramenta est? sendo utilizada nas empresas para enfrentar a problem?tica causada pelos res?duos s?lidos, dentre eles os res?duos do coco verde, presente constantemente no material descartado pela sociedade (empresas/consumidor). ? uma fruta tipicamente tropical, cuja ?gua fresca traz muitos benef?cios ? sa?de humana e sua populariza??o desencadeou um aumento progressivo do seu consumo. Seguindo esse racioc?nio, o presente trabalho prop?s analisar os pontos fortes, fracos, amea?as e oportunidades an?lise de SWOT - no gerenciamento dos res?duos s?lidos do coco verde em duas agroind?strias situadas no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte RN (Brasil), com intuito de conhecer os desafios e potencialidades do aproveitamento desses res?duos. Do ponto de vista da abordagem do problema, este trabalho se enquadra como uma pesquisa qualitativa, explorat?ria e descritiva. A coleta de dados foi realizada com a aplica??o de um question?rio e entrevista estruturada sendo avaliada a postura estrat?gica das agroind?strias atrav?s da an?lise SWOT, que ? uma sigla oriunda do idioma ingl?s, ? um acr?nimo de For?as (Strengths), Fraquezas (Weaknesses), Oportunidades (Opportunities) e Amea?as (Threats). A an?lise SWOT ? uma ferramenta eficaz para analisar o ambiente interno e externo de uma organiza??o. Essa ferramenta contribui para situar a empresa no ambiente em quest?o e quando bem aplicada ? poss?vel detectar erros, fortalecer acertos, driblar as amea?as e apostar nas oportunidades. As agroind?strias estudadas possuem perfis bastante similares como: tempo de vida no mercado e por seguir uma linha de estrat?gia que prolonga a vida ?til do fruto com aproveitamento de seus res?duos para fabrica??o de novos subprodutos. Em ambas, a quantidade di?ria de res?duos gerados alcan?a aproximadamente 20 mil unidades do fruto em alta esta??o, tornando necess?rio um enfoque direcionado ao aproveitamento e/ou tratamento desses res?duos. Em rela??o ? an?lise de SWOT, constatou-se que a agroind?stria A opera com capacidade defensiva atuando assim com vulnerabilidade, ou seja, impossibilitada de atuar diante desse segmento de mercado, por ter decidido parar de aproveitar os res?duos por falta de equipamentos e tecnologias adequadas. Em contrapartida a agroind?stria B est? utilizando a estrat?gia de capacidade ofensiva de mercado, pois, mesmo n?o possuindo equipamentos, tecnologias e instala??es internas apropriadas, ainda assim, persistem no aproveitamento e beneficiamento dos res?duos do coco verde em sua agroind?stria. Assim, considera-se que o potencial do gerenciamento dos res?duos do coco verde para a produ??o de uma diversidade de subprodutos reduz os impactos produzidos pela disposi??o inadequada e geram lucro em curto, m?dio e longo prazo. Lucros esses tang?veis e intang?veis, j? que o interesse por a??es de sustentabilidade n?o ? s? uma quest?o de obten??o de retorno financeiro, mas ? quest?o fundamental para manter-se no neg?cio, posto que hoje em dia n?o basta possuir qualidade nos produtos e processos. ? preciso estabelecer pr?ticas socioambientais, tendo em vista a imagem da empresa como papel preponderante na decis?o de compra dos consumidores

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:58:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 426453.pdf: 843382 bytes, checksum: b70ea54a70a9fb2e6becb715b3f9bc26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-18 / Antibi?ticos s?o amplamente utilizados, e se apresentam difundidos em ?guas residuais. Entre esses compostos, pode-se salientar o grupo dos nitroimidaz?is, usados no tratamento de doen?as sexualmente transmiss?veis. Em virtude do grande uso, o composto metronidazol e seus subprodutos est?o presentes em ?guas superficiais. Essa subst?ncia tem grande resist?ncia aos processos convencionais de tratamento de efluentes e, assim buscam-se ferramentas mais eficientes para a degrada??o desse f?rmaco. Entre os processos capazes de degradar o metronidazol est?o os Processos Oxidativos Avan?ados-POAs, com destaque para a rea??o Fenton e Foto-Fenton. O presente estudo buscou a degrada??o do metronidazol presente em amostras sint?ticas, como forma de redu??o da toxicidade dessas. Organismos aqu?ticos (Daphnia similis) foram usados como forma de avaliar a efici?ncia dos tratamentos sobre a toxicidade. As rea??es foto-Fenton cl?ssica e tipo foto-Fenton apresentaram os maiores teores de degrada??o para subst?ncia, com baixos teores de ferro total livre. Os dados de toxicidade indicaram que os subprodutos ap?s os tratamentos apresentaram CE50 semelhantes aos do f?rmaco de partida, indicando que n?o houve aumento da toxicidade.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:58:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 440622.pdf: 2553977 bytes, checksum: b11f8c29e33dc22a9196a011c9531918 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-31 / The main use of coal is the generation of electricity, which represents 41% of all electricity generated in the world. Coal burning power plants in the southern states of Brazil produce 3.0x106 tons of ash per year. The present work aims the integrated synthesis of zeolites NaP1 and 4A under mild conditions using coal fly ash as raw material. These zeolites present industrial and environmental applications of great importance for the country, aiming at the minimization of environmental impacts and waste generated. For the synthesis of zeolites hydrothermal process was carried out with different concentrations of the NaOH in low cost glass reactor. The liquid/solid ratio, temperature, sources of aluminum, among other factors, was also investigated. Several techniques were used, to characterize the synthesized zeolite, such as SEM, XRD, XRF, CEC, among others. The best zeolitic products were used in the effluents treatment. Under the conditions used in this study NaP1 and 4A zeolites were obtained with CEC values of 2.5 and 4.5 meq g-1, respectively, indicating high conversions. The zeolite NaP1 proved been highly efficient in removing Mn and NH4+, from Acid Mine Drainage and Swine manure effluents, respectively, within the emission limits imposed by legislation. The results of this study indicate that the zeolite 4A is could be used in replacement of the polyphosphate in detergents. / O principal uso do carv?o ? a gera??o de eletricidade, o que representa 41% de toda a eletricidade gerada no mundo. A combust?o do carv?o nas usinas dos estados do sul do Brasil gera 3,0x106 toneladas de cinzas por ano. O presente trabalho visa a s?ntese integrada de ze?litas NaP1 e 4 A em condi??es brandas, utilizando cinzas volantes de carv?o como mat?ria-prima. Estas ze?litas apresentam aplica??es industriais e ambientais de grande import?ncia para o pa?s, visando a minimiza??o dos impactos ambientais e os res?duos gerados. Para a s?ntese das ze?litas foi realizado processo hidrot?rmico com diferentes concentra??es de NaOH em reator de vidro de baixo custo. A rela??o L/S, temperatura, as fontes de alum?nio, entre outros fatores, tamb?m foram investigados. V?rias t?cnicas foram utilizadas, para caracterizar as ze?litas sintetizadas, tais como MEV, DRX, FRX, CTC, entre outras. Os melhores produtos zeol?ticos foram utilizados no tratamento de efluentes. Sob as condi??es utilizadas neste estudo as ze?litas NaP1 e 4 A foram obtidas com valores de CTC de 2,5 e 4,5 meq g-1, respectivamente, indicando convers?es elevadas. A ze?lita NaP1 provou ser altamente eficiente na remo??o de Mn e NH4+, de drenagem ?cida de mina e efluentes de dejetos su?nos, respectivamente, dentro do limites de emiss?es impostos pela legisla??o. Os resultados deste estudo indicaram que a ze?lita 4 A pode ser utilizada em substitui??o dos polifosfatos na formula??o de detergentes.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:59:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 451351.pdf: 4610584 bytes, checksum: 7eaa5f03071c1e8bf740f642f617913b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-06 / The removal of chromium from effluents is usually done by chemical precipitation. Although relatively simple and economical, this process produces a large amount of sludge and furthermore, it may be necessary to apply a final polishing of the effluent to attain the emission limits. The treatment process by adsorption is an alternative method for removing metals, which conventionally is used the activated carbon, however this method is costly and can unfeasible your use. Thus, the main objective of this study is to develop a method suitable for use of forest residues from araucaria, pine and eucalyptus as biosorbents chromium from electroplating industrial effluent. The biosorbents used in the tests were prepared and characterized in powder form unwashed, powder subjected to washing and its aqueous extracts. The concentrations of Cr(VI) and Cr(III), as well as parameters of conformity were analyzed before and after treatment. The biosorption tests were performed in batch, continuous and mixed system (batch followed by mixed system), with dilute solutions containing Cr(VI) and Cr(III) and also with the effluent. The final destination of chromium adsorbed on solids was also studied. The results show that the method of biosorption, employed in this study, has the ability to remove chromium solutions / effluent, attain environmental limits. The pine is distinguished as the best biosorbent total chromium and eucalyptus produces the best extracts to reduce Cr(VI). Incineration is the most viable alternative for recovery of chromium adsorbed on biosorbents. The low cost, quantity and ease of preparation of biosorbents attending the conformities of use, should be taken into account when comparing feasibility of application. / A remo??o de cromo de efluentes geralmente ? feita atrav?s da precipita??o qu?mica. Embora seja relativamente simples e econ?mico, esse processo gera grande volume de lodo, e em alguns casos, ? necess?ria a aplica??o de um polimento final do efluente para atingir os limites de emiss?o. No processo de tratamento por adsor??o, para a remo??o de metais, convencionalmente ? utilizado o carv?o ativado, entretanto ? de alto custo e pode inviabilizar seu uso. Desta forma, o objetivo principal deste trabalho ? desenvolver um m?todo apropriado para uso dos res?duos florestais oriundos da arauc?ria, pinus e eucalipto como biossorventes de cromo de efluente industrial de galvanoplastia. Os biossorventes usados nos testes foram preparados e caracterizados sob forma de p? n?o lavado, p? submetido ? lavagem e seus extratos aquosos. As concentra??es de Cr(VI) e Cr(III), bem como par?metros de conformidade, foram analisados antes e ap?s o tratamento. Os testes de biossor??o foram realizados em batelada, fluxo cont?nuo e sistema misto (batelada seguido de fluxo cont?nuo), com solu??es dilu?das contendo Cr(VI) e Cr(III) e tamb?m com o efluente industrial. Tamb?m foi estudada a destina??o final do cromo adsorvido nos s?lidos. Os resultados apontam que o m?todo de biossor??o, empregado neste estudo, tem capacidade de remover cromo das solu??es/efluente, atendendo os limites ambientais. O pinus destaca-se como o melhor biossorvente de cromo total e o eucalipto produz o melhor extrato para a redu??o do Cr(VI). A incinera??o ? a alternativa mais vi?vel para recupera??o do cromo adsorvido nos biossorventes. O baixo custo, a quantidade e a facilidade de prepara??o dos biossorventes atendendo as conformidades de uso, devem ser levados em conta na compara??o de viabilidade de aplica??o.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:59:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 463988.pdf: 1527906 bytes, checksum: 9a3c3ab5218bb7340aa6e1c30278870c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / The study of the extraction of substances with value-added from waste of the wine industry is proposed due to the annual generating thousands of tons of seeds and cables, called bagasse, coming wineries of the productive region of the northeastern state of Rio Grande do Sul processes. At this moment, this material is perceived as process residue and used only as raw material for composting. Studies show that grape seed (Vitis vinifera L.) may contain compounds with high antioxidant power. The antioxidant power of the extract gives it desirable characteristics for applications in human health, and can be used as food, medicine and cosmetic formulation. In this work the grape waste were collected 20 to 30 days post-pressing and separated into two fractions: one composed only by grape seeds and the other by the remaining material (pulp, peel and bits of curl). Both fractions were subjected to supercritical extraction process using carbon + water and carbon dioxide as solvents. Process operating conditions were: temperature 35 ? C and pressures of 100, 120, 150, 200 and 250 bar, yielding data for construction of yield versus time curves. Then the mathematical modeling was applied to represent the extraction process, this study grounded on the knowledge of mass transfer. Regarding the extracts, they were assessed using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl), aimed to determining the antioxidant power. As a result, it was observed that the extracts of the pulp, and pieces of bark curl had a high antioxidant power and the mathematical model employed showed high adherence to the experimental data represented by the extraction curve. / O estudo da extra??o de subst?ncias com valor agregado dos res?duos da ind?stria vin?cola ? proposto devido ? gera??o anual de milhares de toneladas de sementes e cabos, chamados de baga?o, oriundos dos processos produtivos das vin?colas da regi?o nordeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. At? o presente momento este material ? percebido como res?duo de processo e utilizado somente como mat?ria-prima para compostagem. Estudos demonstram que as sementes de uva (Vitis vin?fera L.) podem conter compostos com elevado poder antioxidante. O poder antioxidante do extrato confere a ele caracter?sticas desej?veis para aplica??es em benef?cio da sa?de humana, podendo ser utilizado como alimento, medica??o e na formula??o de cosm?ticos. Neste trabalho os res?duos de uva foram coletados 20 a 30 dias p?s-prensagem e separado em duas fra??es: uma constitu?da s? por sementes de uva e a outra pelo material restante (polpa, casca e peda?os de cacho). As duas fra??es foram submetidas ao processo de extra??o supercr?tica, utilizando di?xido de carbono e di?xido de carbono + ?gua como solventes. As condi??es operacionais de processo foram as seguintes: temperatura de 35?C e press?es de 100, 120, 150 200 e 250 bar, gerando curvas de rendimento versus tempo. Aplicou-se ent?o a modelagem matem?tica ao processo de extra??o, estudo este embasado nos conhecimentos de transfer?ncia de massa. Em rela??o aos extratos, os mesmos foram analisados pela metodologia DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picril-hidrazil), visando ? determina??o do poder antioxidante. Como resultado, observou-se que os extratos da polpa, casca e peda?os de cacho tiveram um elevado poder antioxidante e o modelo matem?tico empregado apresentou alta ader?ncia aos dados experimentais representados pela curva de extra??o.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-05-26T12:03:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 469157 Texto Completo.pdf: 5491426 bytes, checksum: 70928b8d7df098aeea8a33c69facb91e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-26T12:03:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 469157 Texto Completo.pdf: 5491426 bytes, checksum: 70928b8d7df098aeea8a33c69facb91e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The essential oil industry in Brazil is in full development, especially due to the researches conducted, thus expanding the knowledge of producers through relationships with universities. The extraction process by steam-dragging of essential oils is the most applied process in the industry of this segment, mainly because of its simplicity and low cost. Studies which involve this process have already gone beyond the knowledge of chemical composition, quality and applications. Currently, globalized world has the need for studies on the environmental variable for its survival, therefore this study aimed at analyzing the environmental impact caused by residues from the extraction process by steam-dragging of essential oils from aromatic plants, such as: Rosmarinus officinalis L., Piper hispidinervum C. CD., Pinus taeda L. e Pinus elliottii Engelm. The residues generated by the process are solid and effluent ones. Solid residues are only assessed as the mass generation; differently, the effluents were characterized by the analysis of environmental standards.Thus, it was possible to divide these analyzes by studying the following physicochemical parameters: pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, color, turbidity, electrical conductivity, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, suspended solids, dissolved solids and total solids. The results indicate that the selected parameters of the analyzes of effluents generated in the extraction process by steam-dragging of essential oils of each one of the aromatic plants under study may be impactful for the environment in virtue of their values are not in accordance with those laid down in the environmental legislation in force. / A ind?stria de ?leos essenciais no Brasil est? em pleno desenvolvimento, principalmente em fun??o das pesquisas desenvolvidas, ampliando assim o conhecimento dos produtores atrav?s das rela??es com as universidades. A extra??o por arraste a vapor de ?leo essencial ? o processo mais aplicado na ind?stria deste segmento, principalmente em fun??o da simplicidade e baixo custo. Os estudos envolvendo este processo j? ultrapassam o conhecimento da composi??o qu?mica, qualidade e aplica??es. Atualmente, o mundo globalizado apresenta a necessidade de estudos a respeito da vari?vel ambiental para sua sobreviv?ncia, por isso o presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o impacto ambiental gerado pelos res?duos do processo de extra??o por arraste a vapor de ?leo essencial de plantas arom?ticas, tais como: Rosmarinus officinalis L., Piper hispidinervum C. CD., Pinus taeda L. e Pinus elliottii Engelm. Os res?duos gerados no processo s?o s?lidos e efluentes. Os res?duos s?lidos s?o avaliados apenas quanto ? gera??o em massa, j? os efluentes foram caracterizados atrav?s de an?lises dos padr?es ambientais.Sendo assim, foi poss?vel dividir estas an?lises atrav?s do estudo dos seguintes par?metros f?sico-qu?micos: pH, oxig?nio dissolvido, demanda qu?mica de oxig?nio, demanda bioqu?mica de oxig?nio, carbono org?nico total, cor, turbidez, condutividade el?trica, nitrog?nio amoniacal, nitrato, nitrito, s?lidos suspensos, s?lidos dissolvidos e s?lidos totais. Os resultados mostram que os par?metros selecionados das an?lises dos efluentes gerados no processo de extra??o por arraste a vapor de ?leos essenciais de cada uma das plantas arom?ticas em estudo poder?o ser impactantes ao meio ambiente em virtude de seus valores estarem em desacordo com os estabelecidos na legisla??o ambiental vigente.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-03-23T18:55:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Marcus Vinicius da Silva Buraslan.pdf: 2691930 bytes, checksum: ae2883ca17abc595becc4b32d48ece12 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-23T18:55:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Marcus Vinicius da Silva Buraslan.pdf: 2691930 bytes, checksum: ae2883ca17abc595becc4b32d48ece12 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-16 / The production of electronic waste presents itself as a major challenge by public, municipal, state and federal agencies of Brazil. The federal institutes are included in this scenario and should seek ways of collaborating in the reduction of production of this waste and find ways to make good use of them. In this sense, the environmental education allied with the artistic education can contribute in the reutilization of computer waste in the Institutes. The purpose of this research was to develop experiences at the Federal Institute of Education of Amapa/AP, where the electronic waste was used in an Environmental Education and Art perspective, adding knowledge of both areas in the objects produced by the students of the technical course of agriculture at the Porto Grande campus. We use the principles of participant survey, where those involved in research become agents of their reality transformation, in a critical way. Through lectures, speeches and art workshops, students were encouraged to produce objects of art that culminated in an exhibition for the community. We can conclude that the concepts of art can and should be added to the objectives of environmental education, so the society can mitigate the impacts caused to the environment by the increasing production of electronic rests. / A produ??o de res?duos de eletr?nicos se apresenta como um grande desafio a ser enfrentado pelos ?rg?os p?blicos municipais, estaduais e federais no Brasil. Os Institutos Federais est?o inseridos nesse cen?rio e devem buscar formas de colaborar para diminuir a produ??o desses res?duos e encontrar formas conscientes de aproveitamento dos mesmos. Nesse sentido, a Educa??o Ambiental aliada ? Educa??o Art?stica pode contribuir na reutiliza??o de res?duos de inform?tica nos Institutos. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi o de desenvolver experi?ncias no Instituto Federal de Educa??o do Amap?/AP, onde os res?duos eletr?nicos foram utilizados numa perspectiva de Arte e Educa??o Ambiental, agregando conhecimentos de ambas as ?reas nos objetos produzidos por alunos do Curso de T?cnico em Agropecu?ria do campus Porto Grande. N?s utilizamos dos princ?pios da pesquisa participante, onde os envolvidos na pesquisa se tornam agentes de transforma??o da sua realidade, de forma cr?tica. Atrav?s de aulas expositivas, palestras e das oficinas de arte, os alunos foram estimulados a produzir objetos de arte que culminaram numa exposi??o para a comunidade. Podemos concluir que os conceitos de arte podem e devem ser agregados aos objetivos da Educa??o Ambiental de forma que a sociedade possa mitigar os impactos causados ao meio ambiente pela crescente produ??o de res?duos eletr?nicos.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:06:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaLLOS.pdf: 1560615 bytes, checksum: 3380ba58cfe3314d3e58ae0d9f253793 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Current environmental concerns include the excessive consumption and inefficient use of non-renewable natural resources. The construction industry is considered one of the largest consumers of natural raw materials, significantly contributing to the environmental degradation of the planet. The use of calcareous quarry (RPPC) and porcelain tile polishing residues (RPP) as partial replacements of the cement in mortars is an interesting alternative to minimize the exploration of considerably large amounts of natural resources. The present study aimed at investigating the properties of fresh and hardened mortars produced using residues to replace cement. The residues used were fully characterized to determine their specific mass, unitary mass, particle size distribution and morphology, and composition. The performance of the mortars was compared to that of reference compositions, prepared without residues. A total of 18 compositions were prepared, 16 using residues and 2 reference ones. The mortars were prepared using Portland CP II F 32 cement, CH I hydrated lime, river sand and tap water. The compositions of the mortars were 1:1:6 and 1:0.5:4.5 (vol%), and water to cement ratios of 1.87 and 1.45 were used, respectively. The mortars in the fresh state were evaluated by consistency index, water retention, density of mass and incorporated air content tests. In their hardened state, the mortars were evaluated by apparent mass density, modulus of elasticity, flexural tensile strength, compressive strength and water absorption by capillarity. The mortars were also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and fluorescence. Finally, they were classified according to NBR 13281 standards. The mortars prepared using residues partially replacing the cement exhibited lower modulus of elasticity compared to the reference compositions, thus improving the performance in their intended use. On the downside, the water absorption by capillarity was affected by the presence of residues and both the tensile and compressive strength were reduced. However, from the overall standpoint, the replacement of cement by calcareous quarry or porcelain tile polishing residues did not result in significant changes in the properties of the mortars. Therefore, compositions containing these residues can be used in the construction industry / A preocupa??o ambiental diz respeito, entre outras coisas, ao consumo excessivo ou ineficiente de recursos naturais n?o-renov?veis (LEITE, 2001). A ind?stria da constru??o civil ? considerada como a maior consumidora de mat?rias-primas naturais, contribuindo assim, de maneira relevante, para uma maior degrada??o do meio ambiente. A utiliza??o do res?duo de pedreira de rocha calc?ria (RPPC) e res?duo do polimento do porcelanato (RPP), em substitui??o parcial do cimento, pode ser um caminho alternativo para minimiza??o deste problema. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar as propriedades no estado fresco e endurecido das argamassas mistas produzidas com res?duos (RPPC e RPP), comparando o desempenho das mesmas com as argamassas de refer?ncia. Na produ??o dessas argamassas se utilizou o cimento Portland CP II F 32, cal hidratada CH I, areia de rio e ?gua da concession?ria local. Os res?duos utilizados foram caracterizados quanto a massa espec?fica, massa unit?ria, granulometria a laser,microscopia eletr?nica de varredura, difratometria de raios-X e fluoresc?ncia de raios-X. Os tra?os utilizados foram 1:1:6 e 1:0,5:4,5, ambos em volume, com a rela??o ?gua/cimento fixada, respectivamente, em 1,87 e 1,45. Foram produzidas 18 composi??es de argamassas, 16 utilizando RPPC e RPP e 02 composi??es convencionais que serviram de refer?ncia. Com as argamassas no estado fresco, foram realizados os ensaios de ?ndice de consist?ncia, reten??o de ?gua, densidade de massa e teor de ar incorporado. J? no estado endurecido, os ensaios realizados foram: densidade de massa aparente, m?dulo de elasticidade, resist?ncia ? tra??o na flex?o, resist?ncia ? compress?o e absor??o de ?gua por capilaridade. As argamassas foram analisadas por microscopia eletr?nica de varredura, espectroscopia de raios-X por energia dispersiva (EDS), difra??o de raios-X e fluoresc?ncia de raios-X. Al?m disso, foram classificadas quanto aos padr?es estabelecidos pela NBR 13281 (ABNT, 2005). Os resultados encontrados mostram que as argamassas formuladas com res?duos n?o sofreram altera??es significativas no que se refere ao ?ndice de consist?ncia, reten??o de ?gua, densidade de massa no estado fresco, teor de ar incorporado e densidade de massa aparente no estado endurecido. J? em rela??o ao m?dulo de elasticidade a presen?a dos res?duos na mistura ocasionou a diminui??o do mesmo, melhorando assim o desempenho da argamassa. Por?m, a resist?ncia ? tra??o na flex?o e ? resist?ncia ? compress?o, al?m da absor??o de ?gua por capilaridade, tiveram o seu desempenho comprometidos

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-26T23:28:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KellyRibeiroDeSouzaSouto_DISSERT.pdf: 5657208 bytes, checksum: ba293110b217578c366b1b706b30ab16 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-31T20:20:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KellyRibeiroDeSouzaSouto_DISSERT.pdf: 5657208 bytes, checksum: ba293110b217578c366b1b706b30ab16 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-31T20:20:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KellyRibeiroDeSouzaSouto_DISSERT.pdf: 5657208 bytes, checksum: ba293110b217578c366b1b706b30ab16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / O lodo de esgoto ? o subproduto gerado nas Esta??es de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE) e as conchas de Liliu s?o os subprodutos s?lidos gerados na pesca desse marisco na Lagoa Guara?ras/RN. Devido ? import?ncia do manejo dos res?duos para a manuten??o da qualidade do meio ambiente, surge a possibilidade de utilizar esses materiais como componente na mat?ria-prima da argamassa. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a viabilidade t?cnica da incorpora??o de res?duos em p? (lodo de esgoto e conchas de Liliu) na argamassa. Foi utilizado o lodo predominantemente dom?stico, proveniente da ETE do Baldo - Natal/RN e as conchas do Liliu proveniente dos munic?pios de Ar?s/RN e Senador Georgino Avelino/RN. Os res?duos foram mo?dos e caracterizados atrav?s de an?lises f?sicas, qu?mica, mineral?gica e morfol?gica. Na segunda etapa estes res?duos foram aplicados ? diferentes argamassas, sendo comparadas ? argamassa de cimento, areia e cal (1:1:7) e ? argamassa de cimento e areia (1:7) e ent?o foram avaliadas e comparadas no estado fresco (consist?ncia, teor de ar incorporado, densidade de massa e reten??o de ?gua) e no estado endurecido (resist?ncia ? compress?o, resist?ncia ? tra??o na flex?o, capilaridade, densidade de massa e resist?ncia de ader?ncia ? tra??o). Diante das avalia??es, constatou-se que n?o h? possibilidade de utilizar o lodo de esgoto sem remover a mat?ria org?nica, devido este material diminuir drasticamente a resist?ncia e reagir com os outros componentes da argamassa, liberando um odor muito forte e desagrad?vel, tornando a fabrica??o da argamassa uma atividade desagrad?vel e invi?vel e que h? possibilidade de utilizar o p? das conchas, devido este material aumentar a resist?ncia e melhorar outras propriedades da argamassa. / Sewage sludge is the by-product generated in the Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) and Liliu shells are solid by-products generated in fishing this mollusk in Lagoon Guara?ras, RN. Given the importance of waste management to maintain the quality of the environment, there is the possibility of using these materials as a component in the raw material mortar. The objective of this study was to analyze the technical feasibility of incorporating powdered waste (sewage sludge and Liliu shells) mortar. It was used predominantly domestic sludge from the STP Baldo ? Natal, RN and Liliu of shells from the municipalities of Ar?s, RN and Senador Georgino Avelino, RN. In the first step the residues were ground and characterized by physical, chemical, mineralogical and morphological analysis. In the second step these residues were applied to the different mortars and compared to the cement mortar, lime and sand (1:1:7) and the cement mortar and sand (1:7) and were then evaluated and compared in the fresh state (consistency, entrained air content, mass density and water retention), and in the hardened state (compressive strength, tensile strength in bending, capillarity, mass density, tensile bond strength). Given the reviews, it was found that the experiment with sewage sludge, in the proportions used and without the removal of organic matter, has not achieved satisfactory results, because this material dramatically reduce strength and react with the other components of the mortar, releasing a very strong and unpleasant odor, making the manufacture of mortar one inadvisable activity. In another sense, it was found that there are technical and practical feasibility of using the powder of the shells, due to this material increase strength and improve other properties of the mortar.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-23T13:26:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 miguel_henrique_rosa_franco.pdf: 3229498 bytes, checksum: 5346f423862fd89b1962550c0c0f329b (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-23T13:26:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 miguel_henrique_rosa_franco.pdf: 3229498 bytes, checksum: 5346f423862fd89b1962550c0c0f329b (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-23T13:26:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 miguel_henrique_rosa_franco.pdf: 3229498 bytes, checksum: 5346f423862fd89b1962550c0c0f329b (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-23T13:27:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 miguel_henrique_rosa_franco.pdf: 3229498 bytes, checksum: 5346f423862fd89b1962550c0c0f329b (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-23T13:27:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 miguel_henrique_rosa_franco.pdf: 3229498 bytes, checksum: 5346f423862fd89b1962550c0c0f329b (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar a fitorremedia??o proporcionada pelo cultivo de Brachiaria brizantha, cv. Piat?, em solos contaminados pelo picloram, determinando a sua influ?ncia nas caracter?sticas fisiol?gicas e vegetativas do feijoeiro, utilizada como planta bioindicadora. Para isso, foram realizados dois experimentos, sendo o primeiro composto pela aplica??o de diferentes doses do herbicida picloram (0; 7,5; 15; 30; 60 e 120 g ha-1) onde cultivou-se Brachiaria brizantha, cv. Piat? (esp?cie fitorremediadora) por um per?odo de 150 dias. O segundo experimento constou da perman?ncia de Brachiaria brizantha, cv. Piat? nos solos em diferentes per?odos de cultivo (150, 210, 240, 270 e 300 dias), ap?s a aplica??o da dose de 240 g ha-1 do picloram. O delineamento experimental adotado para os dois experimentos foi o de blocos casualizados, com cinco repeti??es. As avalia??es foram compostas pela verifica??o da altura (cm), massa da mat?ria seca (g) e massa da mat?ria verde (g) das plantas de braqui?ria no ensaio 1, e da massa da mat?ria seca (g) das plantas de braqui?ria para os respectivos per?odos de cultivo propostos no ensaio 2. Para as plantas de feij?o, foram feitas a determina??o aos 50 dias ap?s a semeadura (DAS) das seguintes vari?veis: altura (cm), massa da mat?ria seca (g), massa da mat?ria verde (g), fitotoxicidade (%) aos 25 e 50 dias, ?rea foliar (cm2), n?mero de folhas por planta, efici?ncia fotossint?tica m?xima (Fv/Fm) e a taxa relativa de transporte de el?trons (ETR). Avaliando-se os efeitos tanto na planta fitorremediadora, quanto na bioindicadora, pode-se concluir que a remedia??o proporcionada pelo cultivo da Brachiaria brizantha, cv. Piat? foi efetiva somente quando se aplicou doses inferiores a 60 g ha-1 no solo. Ap?s a aplica??o do picloram, o maior per?odo de cultivo da braqui?ria no solo (300 DAS) proporcionou maior potencial remediador e, consequentemente / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytoremediation provided by cultivating B. brizantha cv. Piata in soils contaminated by picloram, determining its influence on physiological and vegetative characteristics in beans, used as bioindicator. For this, two experiments were conducted, the first consisting of the application of different doses of the herbicide picloram ( 0 , 7.5, 15 , 30, 60 and 120 g ha - 1 ) which were cultivated Brachiaria Brizantha cv. Piata for a period of 150 days. The second experiment consisted of permanence B. brizantha cv. Piat? on the soil in different periods (150 , 210, 240, 270 to 300 days) after the application of a dose of 240 g ha-1 of picloram. The experimental design for both experiments was a randomized block with five replications. The evaluations were made by measuring the height ( cm ) , dry matter ( g ) and mass of green matter ( g ) of Brachiaria plants in the trial 1 , and dry matter ( g ) of Brachiaria plants for respective periods proposed in the trial 2. For the bean plants, were made evaluations at 50 days after sowing (DAS) of the following variables: plant height ( cm ) , dry matter ( g ) , mass of green matter ( g ) , phytotoxicity ( % ) to 25 and 50 days , leaf area ( cm2 ) , number of leaves per plant , maximum photosynthetic efficiency ( Fv / Fm ) and the relative rate of electron transport (ETR). Evaluating the effects on plants, the phytoremediation, and the bioindicator. It can be concluded that the remediation provided by the cultivation of B. brizantha cv. Piata was effective only when were applied doses below 60 g ha - 1 in the soil. After the application of picloram, the longest period on the soil with brachiaria (300 DAS) provided the greatest potential to remediation and hence improving the physiological and morphological characteristics of the bean.