Bakgrund: Trycksår är en lokal skada i huden som uppkommer till följd av tryck och/eller skjuv. Trycksårsprevalensen är 12,1 % inom kommunal vård i Sverige (2014). Trycksår är en vårdskada som leder till lidande, smärta, nedsatt livskvalitet, men också till ökad arbetsbelastning och höga kostnader för samhället. Den viktigaste faktorn för att förebygga trycksår är tidig riskbedömning. Studier visar att sjuksköterskor och undersköterskor har bristande kunskaper om trycksår och trycksårsprevention. Sjuksköterskan har det övergripande ansvaret för patientsäkerhet, riskbedömningar och kvalitetsutveckling. MAP-systemet är ett visuellt hjälpmedel vid trycksårsprevention som kan användas för att uppnå den optimala lägesändringen. Syfte: Att utvärdera om MAP-systemet tillsammans med teoretisk och praktisk undervisning kan användas som hjälpmedel för att förändra attityder och öka kunskapen om trycksårsprevention bland omvårdnadspersonal i äldreomsorgen. Metod: Kvantitativ empirisk studie med deskriptiv komparativ design. Omvårdnadspersonal (n=40) och vårdtagare (n=12) inkluderades i studien. Omvårdnadspersonalen besvarade TAK-enkäten (Trycksår, Attityder, Kunskap), demografiska frågor samt en utvärdering av MAP-systemet. Vårdtagarens vård avseende trycksårsprevention observerades. Resultat: Studien visar att undervisningen och användandet av MAP-systemet resulterade i en signifikant (z=3,1, N-Ties=38, p=0,002) förbättring av omvårdnadspersonalens kunskaper. Attitydfrågorna visar på en positiv attityd vid båda provtillfällena. Det gick också att utläsa signifikant (z=2,5, N-Ties=11, p=0,016) lägre tryck mellan kropp och underlag vid användning av MAP-systemet samt att signifikant (z=2,5, N-Ties=12, p=0,012) fler preventiva åtgärder vidtogs. Omvårdnadspersonalen gav MAP-systemet som hjälpmedel i omvårdnaden ett högt betyg. Slutsats: När MAP-systemet användes i denna studie tillsammans med en relativt begränsad undervisningsinsats förbättrades omvårdnadspersonalens kunskaper om trycksår och trycksårsprevention. De preventiva åtgärderna ökade och medeltrycket mellan kropp och underlag minskade.

Standard recovery solution on a failed task in Hadoop systems is to execute the task again. After retrying for a configured number of times, it is marked as failure. With significant amount of data, complicated Map and Reduce functions, recovering corrupted or unfinished data from a failed job can be more efficient than re-executing the same job. This paper is an extension of [1] by applying fusion-based technique [7][8] in Hadoop MapReduce tasks execution to enhance its fault tolerance. Multiple data sets are executed through Hadoop MapReduce with and without fusion in various pre-defined failure scenarios for comparison. As the complexity of the Map and Reduce function relative to the Recover function increases, it becomes more efficient to utilize fusion and users can tolerate faults by incurring less than ten percent of extra execution time. / text

The purpose of this study was to explore the use of concept map assessments in freshman level general chemistry courses. Two strategies were employed in this study. The first strategy involved the creation of a web based concept mapping program capable of scoring concept maps drawn by students. The second strategy involved comparing different methods of scoring concept maps. Students enrolled in web based general chemistry course drew concept maps using the web based Concept Map Assessment Tool, CMAT. The reliability of the automated scoring in the CMAT program was tested by scoring the concept maps created in the CMAT program by hand. The results of the study indicated that scoring concept maps by hand was the same as the automated scoring of concept maps in the CMAT program. Two characteristics of concept maps serve as the basis for scoring methods. The relational character of a concept map is defined as the correctness of the propositions in the concept map. The structural character of a concept map is defined as the key features of the map, such as branches, long chains or intersecting points. The scoring method used in the CMAT program scores the relational aspects of a concept map. In this study, a second relational scoring method was used to score the concept maps drawn by students using the CMAT program, and the two sets of scores were compared. A novel structural scoring method, the Structural Complexity Index (SCI), was developed compared to the relational scoring approach of the CMAT program. The results of this study found the two relational scoring methods to score concept maps similarly under certain conditions. The SCI was found to produce a different score for concept maps than the relational scoring method employed by CMAT. / text

This report describes StarMapper, a mobile appliation designed for the Android platform that interactively maps the celestial sky and can provide information from Wikipedia about celestial objects to the user. The stars, constellations, planets, sun, and moon are all rendered in real-time and the user can navigate the celestial map simply by pointing the device around the sky to find and identify the different celestial objects. However, if the user prefers, a manual touch-based map navigation feature is also available in StarMapper. While other Android applications currently exist for mapping the sky, such as Google's Sky Map, StarMapper aims to enhance the experience by also providing additional information about celestial objects to the user by means of a simple click on the screen. For obtaining more information about a particular constellation or other celestial object, the user only needs to click on the object's name in the map, and the device's web browser opens to the Wikipedia page of the clicked object. Through this simple mechanism, the user can learn much more about astronomy than just locations of celestial objects. / text

SANTRAUKA Kamieninių ląstelių apoptozę ar išgyvenimą sąlygojantys signaliniai keliai yra potencialus taikinys tobulinant kardiomioplastijos metodą. Šiame darbe, pagal specifinius baltymus - žymenis ir morfologinius požymius patvirtinome iš triušio raumens gautų ląstelių, pasižyminčių neribotu proliferaciniu potencialu in vitro, gebėjimą diferencijuotis miogenine linkme. Tyrėme ląstelių žūtį/išgyvenimą sąlygojančius mechanizmus, ląstelėms atsakant į genotoksinių medžiagų, bei fiziologinio apoptozės induktoriaus – azoto oksido donoro – NOC-18 poveikį. Nustatėme didesnį diferencijuotų ląstelių, palyginus jas su proliferuojančiomis, atsparumą minėtoms medžiagoms. Tyrimai parodė apsauginį ERK, JNK ir p38 MAP kinazių vaidmenį ląstelių diferencijuotų miogenine kryptimi apoptozėje. Buvo nustatytas JNK vaidmens pasikeitimas iš pro- į antiapoptotinį, priklausomai nuo ląstelių diferenciacijos stadijos ir ląstelių kontaktavimo trukmės. / SUMMARY Studies of muscle-derived stem cell death and survival mechanisms during their proliferation and differentiation Stem cell apoptosis/survival signaling pathways are potential gains in the development of cardiomyoplasty method. During this work, by specific myogenic protein and morphology there was demonstrated the myogenic origin of cells derived from rabbit muscle and their ability to differentiate into muscle cells. There were studied molecular mechanisms governing the death/survival pathways of primary myogenic cells in response to treatment with genotoxic drug cisplatin, daunorubicin and nitric oxide donor NOC-18. Differentiated cells appeared to be more resistant to the above subtances as compared to proliferating cells. The study has proved the protective role of ERK, JNK ir p38 MAP kinases in differentiated muscle stem cell apoptosis. There was observed a change of JNK function from pro- to antiapoptotic depending on cell differentiation stages and cell contact duration.

This work describes the design and development of a velocity map imaging apparatus that will be used to study the laser initiated photochemistry of water ice and other condensed phases. Experiments on methanol ice photolysis using a different apparatus at Kyoto University are described to give an appreciation of the photochemistry and the experimental parameters. Water deposited on a surface at temperatures below 140 K can form an amorphous solid. Amorphous solid water (ASW), which does not exhibit properties of a well-defined phase, is the most profuse phase of water found in astrophysical environments. Chemical characteristics of ASW - in particular its photochemistry - and the physical characteristics closely associated with the structure such as density and surface are reviewed. The correlations between the morphology and the growth conditions of ASW are also described. Methanol is also known to be a component on the icy mantle on interstellar grains. The effects of irradiating amorphous solid methanol by UV photons are discussed. Experiments at Kyoto University have been performed to detect state-selectively nascent OH and CH3 photofragments following photolysis at 157 nm. Information on the velocity distributions was obtained from time-of-flight measurements. At Queen’s University Velocity Map Imaging combined with resonance enhance multiphoton ionization (REMPI) will be used for quantum state-selective detection of the nascent photoproducts and their velocity distribution. To help automate the experiments “virtual instruments” have been created for the hardware components of the experiment using LabVIEW 8.6. The ion optics of the velocity map imaging spectrometer under construction at Queen’s have been characterized using the SIMION 7.0 software package, and the anticipated experimental image of nascent photoproducts has been simulated by a Monte-Carlo-type algorithm. / Thesis (Master, Chemistry) -- Queen's University, 2011-03-03 15:18:04.543

Amongst other complexities, landscape architecture is a discipline about understanding, expressing, and enhancing relationships between people and the land. This practicum focuses on revealing these relationships through cartographic concepts within self interpretation and interview, with a consciousness towards the biases that are embedded within mapped products. As maps are used on a daily basis in the discipline of landscape architecture, it should be considered a responsibility of the designer to have an understanding of the implications these tools possess. The Shell River Valley in Manitoba acted as a site of exploration with the intention of revealing human perceptions through cartographic methods of those who have relationships with the land.

A genetic linkage map of mustard (Brassica juncea) was developed using two double haploid populations produced from crosses between a low erucic cultivar “ZEM1” and two moderate erucic acid lines “Vniimk351” and “Vniimk405” with the use of SSR and SRAP markers. The linkage map of the ZEM1xVniimk351 population included 13 linkage groups with an overall length of 791 cM with an average marker interval of 5.7 cM. The linkage map of the ZEM1xVniimk405 population also contained 13 linkage groups with a distance of 623 cM and an average marker interval of 4.6 cM. Using the linkage maps for the two populations, QTLs were detected for seed oil, protein and fatty acids. QTL analysis for fatty acids indentified QTLs on LG1, 7 and 12 for the ZEM1xVniimk351 population and LG1, 3 and 4 for the ZEM1xVniimk405 population. Analysis for the seed oil and protein content in the ZEM1xVniimk351 population identified 2 QTLs on LG1 and LG4 and 1 QTL on LG1 respectively. The QTL analysis ZEM1xVniimk405 of oil and protein content identified 1 QTL for oil and protein on LG1. The variation of fatty acids was shown to be the result of monogenic inheritance of the FAE1 gene in both populations.

Cochlear implant (CI) users have traditionally reported less enjoyment and have performed more poorly on tasks of music perception (timbre, melody and pitch) than their normal hearing (NH) counterparts. The enjoyment and perception of music can be affected by the MAP programmed into a user’s speech processor, the parameters of which can be altered to change the way that a CI recipient hears sound. However, finding the optimal MAP can prove challenging to clinicians because altering one parameter will affect others. Until recently the only way to find the optimal MAP has theoretically been to present each potential combination of parameters systematically, however this is impractical in a clinical setting due to the thousands of different potential combinations. Thus, in general, clinicians can find a good MAP, but not necessarily the best one. The goal of this study was to assess whether a Genetic Algorithm would assist clinicians to create a better MAP for music listening than current methods. Seven adult Nucleus Freedom CI users were assessed on tasks of timbre identification, melody identification and pitch-ranking using their original MAP. The participants then used the GA software to create an individualised MAP for music listening (referred to as their “GA MAP”). They then spent four weeks comparing their GA and original MAPs in their everyday life, and recording their listening experiences in a listening diary. At the end of this period participants were assessed on the same timbre, melody, and pitch tasks using their GA MAP. The results of the study showed that the GA process took an average of 35 minutes (range: 13-72 minutes) to create a MAP for music listening. As a group, participants reported the GA MAP to be slightly better than their original MAP for music listening, and preferred the GA MAP when at the cinema. Participants, on average, also performed significantly better on the melody identification task with their GA MAP; however they were significantly better on the half-octave interval pitch ranking task with their original MAP. The results also showed that participants were significantly more accurate on the single-instrument identification task than the ensemble instrument identification task regardless of which MAP they used. Overall, the results show that a GA can be used to successfully create a MAP for music listening, with two participants creating a MAP that they decided to keep at the conclusion of the study.

A map is important for autonomous mobile robots to traverse an environment safely and efficiently through highly competent abilities in path planning, navigation and localization. Maps are generated from sensors data. However, sensor uncertainties affect the mapping process and thus influence the performance of path planning, navigation and localization capabilities. This thesis proposes to incorporate sensor uncertainty information in robot environmental map using Fuzzy Boundary Representation (B-rep). Fuzzy B-rep map is generated by first converting measured range data into scan polygons, then combining scan polygons into resultant robot B-rep map by union operation and finally fuzzifying the B-rep map by sweeping sensor uncertainty membership function along generated B-rep map. A map of the fifth floor of E1 building is generated using the proposed method to demonstrate the alleviation in computational and memory load for robot environment mapping using Fuzzy B-rep, in contrast to the conventional grid based mapping methods.