Erlangen-Nürnberg, Univ., Studienarbeit, 2008.

Erlangen-Nürnberg, Univ.,Studienarbeit, 2008.

A deteção de um alvo em radar com processadores da razão de verossimilhança é analisada. Duas teorias {Haykin-Metford e Farina-Russo-Scannapieco} para a determinação do logaritmo da razão de verossimilhança, são analisadas e comparadas. É mostrado teoricamente e através de simulações que a teoria de Farina et.alli. é um caso particular da de Haykin-Metford quando os processos "clutter" e Sinal Alvo são gaussianos coloridos. Quando esses processos possuem funções densidade de probabilidade diferentes da gaussiana, é mostrado que a teoria de Haykin é mais geral que a de Farina et. alli. Considerando ainda os processos "clutter" e Sinal Alvo gaussianos, é proposta uma aproximação para a determinação do chamado processo de inovações. Mostra-se que a nova estrutura apresenta pequenas perdas relativas ao ótimo mas com custo computacional menor. No caso em que o Sinal Alvo é conhecido a-priori e o "cIutter" é um processo Weibull com parâmetro de forma conhecido, é proposta uma estrutura com predição linear. Mostra-se que esta nova estrutura apresenta pequenas perdas relativasàquela com predição homomórfica, mas com custo computacional menor, além de não ser necessário o conhecimento do parâmetro de forma do "clutter" Weibull. Ainda para esse caso, é também proposto um processador que utiliza as idéias básicas dos processadores CF AR. Mostra-se que este processador apresenta um melhor desempenho que os anteriores. Finalmente, uma forma de se determinar as chamadas variâncias das inovações é proposta e testada com sucesso utilizando dados reais de radar.

Technological development has significantly reduced the distance between the performance of systems designed using reconfigurable computing and dedicated hardware. The main sources of performance are the high density level of the FPGAs and the resources? improvement offered by manufacturers, who make more its use more attractive in a variety of applications, emphatically in systems that demand a high degree of flexibility. In this context, the objective of this work consists on the exploration of the resources offered by FPGAs for the development of a multiprocessed platform with the purpose of parallel execution of tasks. In this way, the eCos operating system was modified, with the addition of new characteristics to support of the Symmetric Multiprocessing model, using three soft-Core Altera Nios II processors. On this operating system, all parallelism is directly related to execution of the threads. This platform was analyzed and validated through the execution of parallel algorithms, emphasizing aspects of performance and flexibility compared to other architectures. This work contributes for reaching better results in the execution of tasks in robotics area, which belongs to a domain that demand great competition of tasks, mainly in modules that involve interaction with the external environment / Technological development has significantly reduced the distance between the performance of systems designed using reconfigurable computing and dedicated hardware. The main sources of performance are the high density level of the FPGAs and the resources? improvement offered by manufacturers, who make more its use more attractive in a variety of applications, emphatically in systems that demand a high degree of flexibility. In this context, the objective of this work consists on the exploration of the resources offered by FPGAs for the development of a multiprocessed platform with the purpose of parallel execution of tasks. In this way, the eCos operating system was modified, with the addition of new characteristics to support of the Symmetric Multiprocessing model, using three soft-Core Altera Nios II processors. On this operating system, all parallelism is directly related to execution of the threads. This platform was analyzed and validated through the execution of parallel algorithms, emphasizing aspects of performance and flexibility compared to other architectures. This work contributes for reaching better results in the execution of tasks in robotics area, which belongs to a domain that demand great competition of tasks, mainly in modules that involve interaction with the external environment

Este trabalho traz um estudo dos diversos aspectos práticos envolvidos na estimação espectral empirica de sinais aleatórios, utilizando para tanto um caso exemplo: o modelamento do "clutter" maritimo de radar. A partir da análise estatistica do processo e de um estudo a respeito das diversas técnicas de estimação espectral existentes, opta-se pelo modelamento paramétrico AR, após considerar-se o caso geral do modelamento ARMA ("autoregressive moving-average"). Por se tratar o "clutter" de um processo estocástico não gaussiano, é apresentado um estudo comparativo entre os modelos obtidos de uma análise estatistica nos domínios do segundo momento (representado pelo algoritmo de Burg) e dos cumulantes de até terceira ordem (algoritrro dos currulantes). Neste último caso, a análise estatística de ordem superior (momentos de até terceira ordem) é responsável por incorporar ao modelo informação adicional a respeito do processo, e reduzir os efeitos de polarização do espectro causados por ruido de observação aditivo. No decorrer do texto são discutidos aspectos como autocorrelação em azimute e em distância, estacionariedade, estimação da ordem do modelo, localização dos polos no plano complexo, variância, resolução e estabilidade espectral. Os modelos são validados através de uma correspondência bem definida entre os resultados obtidos no domínio amostral ou estatístico e no domínio espectral.

Technological development has significantly reduced the distance between the performance of systems designed using reconfigurable computing and dedicated hardware. The main sources of performance are the high density level of the FPGAs and the resources? improvement offered by manufacturers, who make more its use more attractive in a variety of applications, emphatically in systems that demand a high degree of flexibility. In this context, the objective of this work consists on the exploration of the resources offered by FPGAs for the development of a multiprocessed platform with the purpose of parallel execution of tasks. In this way, the eCos operating system was modified, with the addition of new characteristics to support of the Symmetric Multiprocessing model, using three soft-Core Altera Nios II processors. On this operating system, all parallelism is directly related to execution of the threads. This platform was analyzed and validated through the execution of parallel algorithms, emphasizing aspects of performance and flexibility compared to other architectures. This work contributes for reaching better results in the execution of tasks in robotics area, which belongs to a domain that demand great competition of tasks, mainly in modules that involve interaction with the external environment / Technological development has significantly reduced the distance between the performance of systems designed using reconfigurable computing and dedicated hardware. The main sources of performance are the high density level of the FPGAs and the resources? improvement offered by manufacturers, who make more its use more attractive in a variety of applications, emphatically in systems that demand a high degree of flexibility. In this context, the objective of this work consists on the exploration of the resources offered by FPGAs for the development of a multiprocessed platform with the purpose of parallel execution of tasks. In this way, the eCos operating system was modified, with the addition of new characteristics to support of the Symmetric Multiprocessing model, using three soft-Core Altera Nios II processors. On this operating system, all parallelism is directly related to execution of the threads. This platform was analyzed and validated through the execution of parallel algorithms, emphasizing aspects of performance and flexibility compared to other architectures. This work contributes for reaching better results in the execution of tasks in robotics area, which belongs to a domain that demand great competition of tasks, mainly in modules that involve interaction with the external environment

This thesis covers the work to combine the two worlds of the hardware platform of the BLACKfin by Analog Devices and the software based on the eCos operating system to provide a foundation for embedded real-time applications to build on to benefit from the best aspects of both. This document will therefore outline the main objectives of this thesis followed by an overview of the functionality provided by eCos and the BLACKfin. It will further outline the steps required to combine both by porting the hardware abstraction layer and device drivers for the BLACKfin architecture to eCos. Prior to detailing selected implementations of particular code segments of special interest this thesis will outline the design and concept considerations involved and the conclusion drawn in order to provide a working HAL. After describing the current state of the hardware abstraction layer port conducted as part of this thesis this document will provide an evaluation of the implementation itself the benefits as well as possible limitations. To provide a conclusion to the work outlined in this document further possible questions of interest for future work based on the results of this thesis will be provided.

Telecare and especially Mobile Care Systems are getting more and more popular. They have two major benefits: first, they drastically improve the living standards and even health outcomes for patients. In addition, they allow significant cost savings for adult care by reducing the needs for medical staff. A common drawback of current Mobile Care Systems is that they are rather stationary in most cases and firmly installed in patients’ houses or flats, which makes them stay very near to or even in their homes. There is also an upcoming second category of Mobile Care Systems which are portable without restricting the moving space of the patients, but with the major drawback that they have either very limited computational abilities and only a rather low classification quality or, which is most frequently, they only have a very short runtime on battery and therefore indirectly restrict the freedom of moving of the patients once again. These drawbacks are inherently caused by the restricted computational resources and mainly the limitations of battery based power supply of mobile computer systems. This research investigates the application of novel Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques to improve the operation of 2 Mobile Care Systems. As a result, based on the Evolving Connectionist Systems (ECoS) paradigm, an innovative approach for a highly efficient and self-optimising distributed online machine learning algorithm called MECoS - Moving ECoS - is presented. It balances the conflicting needs of providing a highly responsive complex and distributed online learning classification algorithm by requiring only limited resources in the form of computational power and energy. This approach overcomes the drawbacks of current mobile systems and combines them with the advantages of powerful stationary approaches. The research concludes that the practical application of the presented MECoS algorithm offers substantial improvements to the problems as highlighted within this thesis.

Faz-se neste trabalho a simulação de sinais complexos bidimensionais de radar (distância x azimute). Considera-se o sinal eco de alvos com desvio Doppler, ruído térmico, clutter estacionário e móvel. Os processadores MTI (Moving Target Indicator), CFAR (Constant False Alarm Rate) e Integrador de Pulsos são implementados e seus respectivos desempenhos são analisados. O programa de simulação foi desenvolvido em MATLAB.

<p>Vi har genomfört en undersökning på miljökontoret i Linköping som ansåg sig ha vissa problem med ECOS, ett databassystem som används för ärendehantering. </p><p>Syftet med vår undersökning är att presentera en teori kring användandet av ECOS på miljökontoret i Linköping samtidigt kommer vi att genomföra denna undersökning med grundad teori så som Glaser beskriver den. </p><p>Vi har valt att arbeta med grundad teori (GT) enligt Barney Glaser. Vi bestämde oss för att ha följande öppna frågeställning när vi inledde vår undersökning: </p><p>Hur använder sig de anställda på miljökontoret i Linköping av ECOS? </p><p>Det datamaterial som vi har analyserat har bestått av anteckningar över det som vi ansett vara väsentligt i intervjuer, observationer och dokument. Slutresultatet i en undersökning genomförd med GT blir en teori. En sådan teori beskriver inte data, den är grundad i data. </p><p>Beskrivningen av problemområdet och resultatet som kommit ur de data vi insamlat ligger till grund för den teori som vi anser kan fungera på området.</p>