Diploma thesis is focused on innovative financing for acquisition of real estate. The first part contains the basic terms of mortgage loans and mutual funds. The following part describes the methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of funding and the opportunities and risks associated with it. The second part deals with the practical applications of evaluating the effectiveness of the funding. The aim is to compare and optimize various model variants acquisition of real estate.

This work is focused on the evaluation of the selected fracture parameters of quasi-brittle material, especially concrete, and an assessment of their dependence on the size and shape of the fracture process zone developing at the tip of the macroscopic crack during fracture. For this purpose, experimentally obtained loading diagrams published in the scientific literature have been utilized. These diagrams have been processed into a form enabling creation and calibration of numerical models of these tests in the ATENA FEM program. The results obtained from simulations of the three-point bending tests on beams of four sizes, with three notches lengths, using the created numerical models were used for determination of fracture parameters of concrete. Results of the work consist of the determined values of the specific energy dissipated for creation of new surfaces of the effective crack and an estimation of the specific energy dissipated in the volume of the fracture process zone, which exhibits specific parameters for each beam size and notch length.

The main aim of the thesis was to create design documentation, energyefficient terraced house in the village of Moravian Knínice. The proposed building will be located in the vacant space between buildings. Layout of the building is limited by the size of building lots located in hillside surrounding buildings, and orientation to the cardinal. The thesis deals with the layout, building and construction, buildings, so that it effectively uses renewable energy and efficiently work with them.

The thesis divided into four research topics dealt with an issue of the relation between silvicultural treatments and an amount of the bearing photosynthetically active assimilation apparatus quantified by leaf area index (LAI) in forest stands of an economically important tree species in the Czech Republic. In pure Norway spruce pole stands at the middle altitudinal zone, an effect of silvicultural treatments on the LAI and an efficiency of the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR; 380-720 nm) by foliage within the photosynthetic uptake was evaluated through both canopy production index (CPI) and leaf area effectivity (LAE), and the highest value of the LAI was achieved in a plot with the highest stand density. However, the highest efficiency of the PAR utilisation (CPI, LAE) was noted in the stand, which was tended by thinning from above. Thus, it was proved that not only the total LAI value but especially an efficacy of the leaf area reflecting sun and shade foliage ratio is the more relevant parameter for an evaluation of the effectivity of the thinning treatment. In a forest regeneration, the LAI can also be used for quantification of the regeneration process stage related to a growth dynamic of the natural regeneration. Besides that the newly developed device LaiPen LP 100 (PSI, ČR) for indirect optical LAI estimation was tested within this study. LAI values measured by LaiPen LP 100 showed almost same accuracy of the measurement and identical trends as world standard (LAI-2200 PCA; LI-COR, NE, USA); both at the stand level and the particular measurement point level. Within the study of the efficacy of the PAR utilisation by foliage in photosynthetic uptake expressed by radiation use efficiency (RUE) in pure, fully-stocked and not defoliated Norway spruce mature stands, it was found that mean air temperature most significantly affect annual and monthly values of the RUE with the significant linear relationship (R2 = 0.19; p < 0.05). In the spruce stands, the significant linear relationship (R2 = 0.85; p < 0.001) between an amount of the sequestrated carbon in the form of atmospheric CO2 molecules and the RUE was also proved. The research topic dealt with a seasonal dynamic of the LAI in selected pure and even-aged European beech and sycamore maple stands revealed findings that a culmination of the LAI is achieved within summer months (DOY 120-140) in the investigated stands. The period is the most suitable for estimation and mutual comparison of the LAI due to the stability of its values in investigated (but also in another deciduous) stands. In studied beech and maple stands, maximum LAI values were noted in the second half of June (DOY 170). General findings of underestimation of LAI values estimated by indirect optical methods compared to direct methods were also confirmed. In the last research topic, an effect of the stand age on the leaf area development was studied in pure, even-aged, and fully-leaved (not defoliated) forest stands of an economically important tree species (Norway spruce, Scots pine, silver fir, Douglas fir, European beech, pedunculate oak, and black walnut). Except for black walnut stands, significant linear relationships proving a decrease of the leaf area with increasing age of the stand were found. The relation between the leaf area expressed by effective plant area index (PAIe) and the age of stands was studied for monitoring of the leaf area dynamic within forest stands with a different age.

The Tatra chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra tatrica), an endemic mountain ungulate, occurs in the High Tatra Mts. (northern Slovakia and southern Poland). In the second part of the 20th century several chamois introductions occurred in Slovakia: Tatra chamois (from the High Tatra Mts.) were introduced into the Low Tatra Mts., while Alpine chamois (R. r. rupicapra) into the Veľká Fatra and Slovenský raj Mts. The High Tatra Mts. population underwent several population declines (bottlenecks) and all other Slovak populations were founded from only a few individuals (founder effect). Moreover, because the Low Tatra, Veľká Fatra and Slovenský raj are neighbouring mountain ranges, there is a potential risk of migration and hybridisation between the subspecies. Using 18 microsatellite loci, we studied neutral genetic variability, structure and potential hybridisation in chamois populations in Slovakia. The study is based on 193 samples: 95 tissue and 5 blood samples, and 88 faecal and 5 hair samples. Low genetic variability was found in all populations, the lowest one in High Tatra Mts. population. High values of fixation index, the number of private alleles, and factorial correspondence analysis indicated strong differentiation between the studied populations. Bayesian clustering divided Slovak chamois...

The objective of this thesis is to clarify the term efective reading and what belongs to this topic, also to explore how the meaning of this term changes in the field of the electronic documents. This work also examines the reader's options of working with text and his view in this matter. Eye movements are analysed in first chapter. The term efective reading and its related concepts are analysed in chapter two. Third chapter is dealing with efective screen reading and characteristics of electronic texts. The possibilities of user work with texts on e- book readers and software e-book readers are examined in fourth chapter. Fifth chapter assesses online e-book readers. Questionnaire survey concerning reading of electronic documents is evaluated in chapter six.

These days create an enormous pressure on energy savings because of their high prices. For future it is obvious that their prices will grow. Not only the representatives of European Union realize this fact, but basicaly common people who run their houses and pay the bills. For this reason low - energy houses respectively passive houses are in the limelight. Reasons of economy should not be the only criterion of quality, but its integral part, one of several components. Energy efficient housing is a response in architecture and building to turbulent global warming. The aim of the work is try to specify how to conceive an efficient building with respect to its architectural quality in the contect of directions coming from European Union and which should be implemented soon in the Czech republic. Will zero house become driving force of architecture in Europe in 21st century? The result of the work will be useful in orientation how to conceive an efficient house with respect to its aesthetical quality.

Práce je zaměřena na šíření únavových trhlin v módech II, III a II + III v prahové oblasti v kovových materiálech. Byly provedeny experimenty pro ARMCO železo, titan, nikl a austenitickou ocel na třech druzích vzorků pro zatěžování trhliny ve smykových módech. Byl použit zvláštní způsob vytváření iniciační trhliny, který eliminoval efekt zavírání trhliny na začátku smykového zatěžování. Ve všech zkoumaných materiálech byly efektivní prahové hodnoty v módu II přibližně 1,7 krát nižší než v módu III. Měřením úhlů lokálních odklonů a natočení lomových faset s použitím stereofotogrammetrie v SEM bylo usuzováno na tendenci trhliny k vyhýbání do lokálního módu I. Nejmenší úhly byly zjištěny u ARMCO železa pro trhliny v módech II i III, středně velké úhly u titanu a niklu a největší úhly (vyhnutí do čistého módu I) byly pozorovány u austenitické oceli. Tyto rozdíly lze vysvětlit různým počtem dostupných skluzových systémů v krystalových mřížkách daných materiálů. Poměry mezi naměřenými prahovými hodnotami v módu I, II a III byly srovnány s předpověďmi teoretických modelů. Byl navržen analytický vztah pro efektivní prahové hodnoty v módu II, který byl v dobré shodě s experimentálními výsledky. Pomocí efektivních prahových hodnot bylo vyčísleno kritérium pro vyhýbání do módu I, které vedlo ke kritickému úhlu odklonu 40° souvisejícímu s přechodem z lokálního smykového módu do otevíracího módu.

The diplomma thesis is dealing with possibilities of Signal to noise ratio measurement by method, which is based on direct measurement. It is chosen the most suitable method – signal and noise separation to two different parallel signal branches, where is measured signal strength in one branch and root mean square value in the other. The thesis is consisted of a concept of detail block scheme of Signal to noise ratio meter, which was designed in terms of theoretical knowledge. Particular functional blocks were circuit-designed, the active and passive parts were chosen and their function were described. There were made simulation and displayed input and output time flows. There is designed the whole connection of engineered Signal to noise ratio meter in the last part of my thesis. The double-sided board of printed circuit is contained too. It was created simple programme for supervisor micro-processor. Thereby were constructed complete bases for realization.

This thesis analyses impact of exchange rate exposure in Czech Republic on sample of ten Czech companies. Empirical part of thesis builds on Nazl, Kar, Akel (2014) and through market-based approach states significant impact of exchange rate exposure for 40 % of companies. Higher robustness of results was achieved through improvements in the methodology which, contrary to related literature, eliminates endogeneity of market index through instrumental variable. Surprisingly, the correlations between exchange rates and stocks of Czech companies are positive. An alternative model considering ROA of individual companies as dependent variable was used to confirm these results. The resulting impact of exchange rate exposure of alternative model is opposite. This inconsistency of the results of both models is confusing. The sudden change in exchange rate policy of the Czech National Bank in November 2013 did not affect the sensitivity of the relationship between exchange rates and stocks. The reaction of stock market in November 2013 indicates that policy change made by CNB was not entirely expected. Contrary to the related literature, higher data aggregation decreases the significance of the exchange rate exposure, signifying higher ability of Czech companies to reduce exchange rate risk in longer...