Bakgrund: Långvarig smärta är en av de främsta orsakerna till varaktigt lidande och funktionsnedsättning både i Sverige och globalt. Dagens behandlingsmetoder anses i många fall bristfälliga. I ett allt mer högteknologiskt samhälle utvecklas elektroniska hjälpmedel som stöd till personer med olika sjukdomstillstånd. Tidigare studier visar att internetbaserade interventioner främjar hälsa, lindrar lidande och ökar egenmakten, dock är området fortfarande under snabb utvecklig. Syfte: Att beskriva effekterna av internetbaserade interventioner riktade mot långvarig smärta. Metod: Begränsad systematisk litteraturöversikt med elva kvantitativa artiklar.  Resultat: Fem av artiklarna använde KBT, tre artiklar använde ACT och tre artiklar använde självhanteringsmetoder. Fyra effekter av interventionerna framkom; smärtreducering, smärthantering, livskvalitet och psykisk hälsa. Smärthantering förbättrades signifikant, resterande förbättrades, dock ej signifikant. Effekterna är förbättrade till signifikant förbättrade vid uppföljningar efter avslutad behandling. Slutsats: Att införa internetbaserade interventioner som tillägg till klinisk omvårdnad kan innebära hälsovinster för enskild person samt för samhället. Dock ses svårigheter att implementera den här typen av intervention på en större befolkning då faktorer som tillgänglighet och könsfördelning påverkar negativt. Fortsatt forskning: Jämnare könsfördelning i studier, större geografisk utbredning samt långtidsuppföljningar bör ligga i fokus för framtida forskning. / Background: Chronic pain is one of the primary causes to abiding suffering and disabilities in Sweden and globally. Today’s treatment methods are somewhat considered lacking. In a high technology society, as the one we are living in today, the developing of electronic aids for persons with different disease states increases. Internet-based interventions is considered a part of the future in health care. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the effects of Internet-based interventions designed for people with chronic pain. Method: A rapid systematic review with eleven quantitative studies. Result: Five studies used CBT, three studies used ACT and three is denominated as self-management. Four effects became clear; mental health, pain management, pain reducing, and quality of life. Pain management showed significant improvement, the other three effects showed improvement, although no significant improvement. At follow-up after post intervention the effects improved, some with significance. Conclusion: To implement internet-based interventions as an addition to clinical care could mean health benefits for the community as well as the individual person. However, this intervention type is not accessible on a larger population. Further Research: There should be focus on gender equality, broader geographic areas and longer follow-ups in future research.

Bakgrund: Personer med psykisk ohälsa har en ökad risk för metabola sjukdomar till följd aven ohälsosam livsstil. Ett sätt att motverka dessa risker är genom fysisk aktivitet. Det är därförangeläget att undersöka vilket vetenskapligt stöd som finns för hur fysisk aktivitet kan stärkapatienters hälsa inom psykiatrisk slutenvård. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att undersöka förutsättningar och metoder för, samt hälsoeffekter av,egenvård i form av fysisk aktivitet för patienter inom psykiatrisk slutenvård. Metod: Studien är en litteraturöversikt med kvantitativ ansats där 13 vetenskapligaoriginalartiklar granskades och sammanställdes. Resultat: Fem övergripande teman identifierades, Motivation, Stöd, hjälp och råd,Utbildning, Fysiska hälsoeffekter samt Psykologiska hälsoeffekter. Resultatet pekar på mångasomatiska och psykiska fördelar med regelbunden fysisk aktivitet hos patienterna samt attriskfaktorer för metabola sjukdomar minskades. Depressiva och positiva psykotiska symptomminskades. Patienter som var generellt mer fysiskt aktiva vårdades mindre tid i slutenvårdenjämfört med dem som inte var fysiskt aktiva. Slutsats: Fysisk aktivitet har potential att komma till stor nytta för patienterna och det går attstärka deras hälsa på flera olika sätt med hjälp av fysisk aktivitet. / Background: People with mental illness have an increased risk of metabolic diseases as a result of an unhealthy lifestyle. One way to counteract these risks is through physical activity. It is therefore important to investigate what scientific support there is for how physical activity can strengthen patients' health in psychiatric inpatient care. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the conditions and methods for, and health effects of, self-care in the form of physical activity for patients in psychiatric inpatient care. Method: The study is a literature review with a quantitative approach where 13 scientific original articles were reviewed and compiled. Results: Five overall themes were identified, Motivation, Support, help and advice, Education, Physical effects and Psychological effects. The results point to many somatic and psychological benefits of regular physical activity in patients and that risk factors for metabolic diseases were reduced. Depressive and positive psychotic symptoms were reduced. Patients who were generally more physically active spent less time in inpatient care compared with those who were not physically active. Conclusion: Physical activity has the potential to be of great benefit to patients and it is possible to strengthen their health in several different ways with the help of physical activity.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-06-04T15:19:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO ROBERTO QUEIRÓS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2016..pdf: 918901 bytes, checksum: 6b56904527605057f88b6008ef2a279f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-04T15:19:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO ROBERTO QUEIRÓS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2016..pdf: 918901 bytes, checksum: 6b56904527605057f88b6008ef2a279f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / O agronegócio no Brasil tem causado importantes transformações no território, com impactos significativos sobre a saúde humana em função da intensa utilização de agrotóxicos. Dentre estes impactos sobre a saúde humana, um dado preocupante é o aumento da incidência de intoxicação por agrotóxico (agrotóxico e agrotóxico de uso agrícola) em todo o país. O objetivo do estudo é analisar a incidência de intoxicações por agrotóxicos e as características epidemiológicas no Brasil, no período de 2001 a 2014. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, de séries temporais, bem como descritivo. Os dados foram submetidos a tratamento estatístico através do modelo de regressão polinomial, teste MannWhitney e Teste Kruskal-Wallis, para estas análises, foi adotado um nível de significância de 5%. Utilizou-se também, análise estatística descritiva simples. A análise dos dados foi realizada pelo programa SPSS 20.0®. Foram notificados 80.069 casos de intoxicação por agrotóxico no período de 2001 a 2014, apresentando um crescimento linear exponencial de intoxicação por agrotóxico nesta população, cuja taxa de intoxicação foi de 0.377. No período, as Regiões Sul e Centro-Oeste apresentaram as maiores taxas de intoxicação. Em relação ao comportamento da circunstância da intoxicação, houve relação significativa para a tentativa de suicídio. Quanto à intoxicação por agrotóxico de uso agrícola, foram notificados 25.106 casos no período de 2007 a 2014. Neste período, houve um crescimento linear significativo de intoxicação por agrotóxico de uso agrícola nesta população, cuja taxa de intoxicação foi de 0.1644. No período, houve comportamento heterogêneo entre as taxas de incidência por unidades federativas, todavia, as taxas indicam crescimento por todas as regiões do Brasil. Das dimensões sócio-demográficas, a maioria das intoxicações ocorreram no Brasil em vitimas na faixa etária 20-59 anos (74,7%), sexo masculino (71,0%.), de pele branca (43,8%), zona urbana (54,1%), com apenas o ensino fundamental (42,4%). Para os aspectos relacionados à intoxicação, a maioria das intoxicações por agrotóxicos de uso agrícola no Brasil indicou a circunstância tentativa de suicídio (38,2 %), cura sem sequela (82,3%) e a exposição aguda-única (78,7%). Nesse sentido, o país precisa aprimorar as políticas voltadas a intoxicação por agrotóxico desenvolvendo medidas eficazes para a prevenção e diagnóstico precoce das pessoas intoxicadas. Em longo prazo, cabe desenvolver novos estudos para compreender se as medidas tomadas foram eficazes para reduzir as tendências e percentuais apontadas neste estudo. / Brazilian’s agribusiness has caused important transformation around the country, with significant impacts on human health due to the big use of pesticides. Among these impacts due the human health, the increased toxicity about pesticides (pesticides and agricultural pesticides) in Brazil is concerning. The objective of this study is to analyze the incidence of pesticide poisoning and epidemiological characteristics in Brazil, from 2001 to 2014. This is an ecological study, time series, as described. Data were analyzed statistically by polynomial regression model, Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test. These analyzes it adopted a 5% significance level. Also it was used descriptive statistical analysis simple. For the processing of the data was used SPSS 20.0® program. 80,069 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in the period 2001-2014, with an exponential linear growth of poisoning by pesticides in this population, whose poisoning rate was 0.377. During the period, the South and the Midwest had the highest intoxication rates. Regarding the behavior of the condition of intoxication, there was a significant relationship to the suicide attempt. As for the pesticide poisoning of farm sweat, 25,106 cases were reported from 2007 to 2014. During this period, there was a significant linear growth of poisoning by pesticides for agricultural use in this population, whose poisoning rate was 0.1644. That moment, there were divergent behavior between the incidence rates for federal units, however, the rates show growth in all regions of Brazil. Sociodemographic dimensions, most poisonings occurred in Brazil in victims aged 20-59 years (74.7%), male (71.0%.), White skin (43.8%), area urban (54.1%), just primary education (42.4%). The analysis of socio-demographic dimensions of Regions indicated most of intoxication of victims of pesticide use in agriculture in the age group 20-59 years old in the Southeast (74.8%), male in the Southeast Region (72.7% ). Brown-skinned individuals were more frequent in the North, Northeast and Midwest while, in the Southeast and South, there was a higher percentage for white skinned individuals, urban exposure zone (55.7%) in the Southeast and elementary school (56.3%) in the South. For aspects related to intoxication, most poisonings from pesticide poisoning in Brazil indicated the circumstance suicide attempt (38.2%), healing without sequelae (82.3%) and acute-single exposure (78.7%). The evaluation of aspects related to poisoning by pesticide use in agriculture by Region indicated the attempted suicide as the most frequent in the Northeast (60.5%), without sequel healing in the South (87.7%) and acute-single in Southeast (76.6%). Therefore, the country needs to improve policies to poisoning by pesticides, developing effective measures for the prevention and early diagnosis of intoxicated people. In the future, it must be developing new studies to understand if the measures taken have been effective in reducing the tendencies and percentages cited in this study.