Global connectivity is on the verge of becoming a reality to provide high-speed, high-quality, and reliable communication channels for mobile devices at anytime, anywhere in the world. In a heterogeneous wireless environment, one of the key ingredients to provide efficient and ubiquitous computing with guaranteed quality and continuity of service is the design of intelligent handoff algorithms. Traditional single-metric handoff decision algorithms, such as Received Signal Strength (RSS), are not efficient and intelligent enough to minimize the number of unnecessary handoffs, decision delays, call-dropping and blocking probabilities. This research presents a novel approach for of a Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) model based on an integrated fuzzy approach for target network selection.

The purpose of my thesis is use of various methods of multicriterial evaluation of alternatives in a reality, and particularly the estimation of positions of Volkswagen brand at the market of new cars in Czech Republic and which positions do they take in comparison with other carmakers. The following purpose was to help customers who are going to get to itself the car. The aim was to order cars in each of 10 classes on the basis of results of each method. For my analysis I use methods WSA, TOPSIS and ELECTRE III. For calculations I used MS Excel and program SANNA.

Le choix d'un système de transport guidé de surface exploité en site propre (TCSP) est un travail complexe et difficile. Les différents systèmes peuvent sembler offrir des services équivalents pour les utilisateurs tandis que manquent souvent les informations nécessaires pour mieux distinguer les différences entre tel ou tel système. L'objectif de cette recherche vise, au-delà d'une présentation des différents systèmes guidés de surface qui structurent les réseaux de transport public en France, à procéder à une analyse comparative afin de mieux guider les choix des collectivités territoriales, dans le contexte des efforts qu'elles conduisent pour promouvoir des transports urbains répondant aux enjeux du développement durable. Les avantages et points faibles de chaque système est analysé et présenté de manière désagrégée. De manière complémentaire, est proposée et discutée une méthode multicritère ELECTRE III permettant d'agréger les résultats obtenus et de proposer le (ou les) système(s) le(s) mieux adapté(s) à différents contextes d'exploitation. Le résultat principal met en évidence le fait que le tramway moderne sur fer occupe une place privilégiée dans la majorité des scenarii. Cependant, le CIVIS, le Translohr, TVR et même le trolleybus ont leur place selon le contexte d'exploitation, dès lors en particulier que sont pris en compte les coûts d'infrastructure et d'exploitation associés. Les résultats de cette recherche nous encouragent en outre à recommander, chaque fois qu'il y a un projet de système de transport de surface, de passer en revue la gamme des systèmes et d'effectuer l'analyse comparative avec les différentes contraintes du lieu et du moment, en y intégrant une vision de moyen et long terme et les effets prévisibles sur l'aménagement urbain / The choice of a guided surface transit system operated on separated RoW is a complex and difficult task. Even if different transit systems could provide equivalent services to users, we often lack the necessary information to better distinguish among different systems. Beyond giving a presentation of different surface guided systems structuring the public transport networks in France, the aim of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis in order to better guide decisions of local authorities in their efforts to promote urban transport that meets the challenges of sustainable development. The advantages and the drawbacks of each system are analyzed and presented in a disaggregated way. In addition, a multicriteria method ELECTRE III is proposed and discussed for aggregating the results and proposing system(s) best suited for different operating conditions. The main result shows that the modern tramway on rail occupies a privileged place in most scenarios. However, the CIVIS, Translohr, TVR and even trolleybuses have their places with respect to operating conditions, given that the related infrastructure and operating costs are taken into account. The results of this research therefore encourage us to recommend, every time we propose a surface transit system, to review the whole range of systems and to do the comparative analysis with different context and time constraints integrating mid-term and long-term visions and predictable effects on the urban requalification

A Amazônia é a maior floresta tropical ainda existente no mundo e oferece diversos serviços ambientais. No Brasil, suas bacias hidrográficas são fontes do maior potencial de geração de energia elétrica ainda não utilizado por meio de usinas hidrelétricas. Nesse contexto, destaca-se, atualmente, a construção da Usina Hidrelétrica (UHE) Belo Monte como uma obra de escolha emblemática no país, marcada por diversos conflitos e que apresenta impactos diversificados que repercutirão em modificações permanentes na biodiversidade da Amazônia. Assim, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi realizar a aplicação de dois métodos MCDA - o ELECTRE III, não compensatório; e um método de abordagem em grupo baseado na Teoria de Jogos com uso do Equilíbrio de Nash nas alternativas de construção da UHE Belo Monte, visando demonstrar em que medida os métodos MCDA podem ser utilizados para a análise desse processo de tomada de decisão em grupo. Para isso, foram identificados os principais problemas envolvidos na construção da UHE Belo Monte e estruturadas duas matrizes de decisão com suas alternativas e critérios, que foram aplicadas aos dois métodos MCDA. Foi observado que a alternativa de área do reservatório de 516 km², que foi a de fato adotada na construção da UHE em questão, foi avaliada como a alternativa mais adequada na abordagem em grupo e na maioria das abordagens individuais dos jogadores para ambos os métodos. Já a alternativa de vazões muito próximas às naturais do rio, que não foi a adotada na construção da UHE Belo Monte, foi avaliada como a alternativa mais adequada na abordagem em grupo e na abordagem individual de todos os jogadores. As contribuições desta pesquisa referiram-se à realização da modelagem do problema complexo da UHE Belo Monte; à demonstração que os métodos MCDA podem consistir em uma etapa primordial na discussão de problemas complexos; a auxiliar gestores no processo decisório que, muitas vezes, têm como mecanismo de fomento de suas decisões documentos técnicos e específicos; e a possibilitar uma maior participação formal de vários tomadores de decisão. / Amazon is the largest existing rainforest in the world and offers several essential ecosystem services. In Brazil, Amazon watersheds are sources of the greatest potential of electric power supply that dam complexes have not used yet. In this context, the construction of Belo Monte Dam Complex shall be highlighted as an iconic project in Brazil, although marked by several conflicts due to its generation of permanent diversified environmental impacts in Amazonian biodiversity. This way, the general objective of this research was to analyze the application of two MCDA methods to demonstrate to what extent those methods may be used to analyze the referred decision-making process. The methods used were ELECTRE III, a non-compensatory method; and a group approach Game Theory-based method that used Nash Equilibrium on the alternatives of the construction of Belo Monte Dam Complex. Therefore, the main problems involved in the construction of the facility were identified. Also, two decision matrixes were created, with its alternatives and criteria, and applied to both MCDA methods. It was observed that the alternative concerning the 516 km2 reservoir area, which was the real one adopted in the construction of the referred facility, was considered the most appropriate alternative in group approach as well as in the opinion of most players in the individual approaches for both methods. The alternative concerning flows close to the river\'s natural ones, which was not adopted on the construction of Belo Monte Dam Complex, was identified as the most appropriate alternative on group approach as well as in the opinion of all players in individual approach. The contributions provided by this study are: the provision of the modelling of Belo Monte Dam Complex problem; the demonstration that MCDA methods may consist in a primarily step in discussions concerning complex problems; the provision of help for managers on decision-making process who often underlie their fostering decision mechanisms in technical and specific documents; and the allowance of a greater formal participation of several decision makers in the decision-making processes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:40:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 POLLYANA DE FREITAS ANDRADE.pdf: 1328160 bytes, checksum: b4ac49bc4d92a3d57210ee4d58a88f3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-22 / Private social investments are presented as an important form of activity in the business sector which supports the mitigation of socio economic issues. Such investments are made through environmental and social projects of public interest. However, despite the importance of the topic, there are only few academic researches aimed at improving the allocation of business resources in private social investments. This research aims to contribute to this scenario through implementation and analysis of multi-criteria decision support method ELECTRE I, which separates the process of decision-making from the subjectivity and increases the potential for efficient selection of projects. / Os investimentos sociais privados apresentam-se como importante forma de atuação do setor empresarial junto à busca da mitigação de problemas sociais. Tais investimentos são realizados por meio de projetos sociais, ambientais e sociais de interesse público. Nota-se que, apesar da relevância do tema, existem poucos estudos voltados ao aprimoramento da alocação dos recursos empresariais nesta área. A pesquisa visa contribuir para este cenário por meio de aprofundamento e aplicação do método multicritério de apoio à decisão ELECTRE I, por meio do qual o processo de tomada de decisão distancia-se da subjetividade e amplia o potencial de seleção eficiente de projetos.

The aim of my thesis is focused on choosing best fitness center according to concrete offer in Prague. Using methods of multi-criteria decisions I will calculate the order according to important information. Specifically, I work with three methods, Electre III, WSA and Topsis. Theoretical description of these methods and their applications using the Sanna is included. The work is extended by survey - ten women were interviewed to find out how they stand with exercises. This survey was very useful mainly because of getting new weights and thus new order for all three methods. The last chapter is devoted to the case of improving studio "Dokonalé tělo" and its position. I communicated with its owner Ing. Jan Stehlík, he was very nice and willing and interested in improving.

Visų Lietuvoje esančių ežerų valymo darbai, sapropelio kuopimas atliekamas mechaniniu bei hidrauliniu būdais. Pastarasis sapropelio gavybos bei ežero išvalymo būdas paplitęs plačiausiai, nes gamybinės organizacijos dažniausiai naudoja technologiją, kai sapropelis pumpuojamas į specialiai tam paruoštus sėsdintuvus. Sapropelio gavyba bei ežero išvalymas atliekamas žemsiurbės pagalba. Tyrimų tikslas - parinkti geriausią žemsiurbę užpelkėjantiems ežerams valyti. Darbe pateikiama metodika, leidžianti tinkamiausią žemsiurbę išsirinkti pagal penkis kriterijus. Vertintos rusiškos, baltarusiškos, vakarietiškos taip pat anksčiau Lietuvoje naudotos žemsiurbės. Žemsiurbės vertintos daugiakriterinės analizės ELECTRE ir MAUT metodais. Daugiakriterinė analizė atlikta panaudojant programines įrangas HYPSE ir DAM. Už konsultacijas, rengiant, magistrantūros studijų baigiamąjį darbą reiškiu padėką: Doc. dr. A. Ciūniui, lekt. E. Laurinavičiui ir prof. habil. dr. L. Katkevičiui. / The cleaning works of all Lithuanian lakes, excavation of sapropel are carried out either by mechanical or hydraulic means. The latter is the common means of sapropel extraction and lake cleaning. Industrial organizations usually apply technologies so that sapropel is pumped to specially prepared sedimentation tanks. The cleaning of a lake and extraction of sapropel is carried out by the means of a dredger. The aim of the research is to choose the best dredger for the cleaning of swampy lakes. The work discusses methods which allow choosing the best dredger according to five criteria. Russian, Byelorussian, western dredgers and dredgers used in Lithuania earlier have been evaluated following the multi-criteria ELECTRE and MAUT methods. Multi-criteria analysis was carried out using HYPSE and DAM software.

Η εξόρυξη γνώση από δεδομένα είναι μια νέα και δυναμική τεχνολογία που βοηθάει τις επιχειρήσεις να επικεντρωθούν στην σημαντική πληροφορία που βρίσκεται μέσα στις αποθήκες δεδομένων τους, αναζητώντας κρυμμένα πρότυπα και ανακαλύπτοντας πληροφορίες που οι ειδικοί μπορεί να χάσουν ή να παραβλέψουν. Τα τελευταία χρόνια έχει αναπτυχθεί πλήθος αλγορίθμων της εξόρυξης δεδομένων, οι οποίοι ακολουθούν διαφορετικές μεθοδολογικές προσεγγίσεις, ενώ ταυτόχρονα παρουσιάζουν σημαντική ποικιλία εφαρμογών. Η προσπάθεια ωστόσο για βελτιωμένους και αποδοτικότερους αλγορίθμους συνεχίζεται. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή έχει σαν βασικό της στόχο να συνεισφέρει στην προσπάθεια αυτή, βελτιώνοντας και ενισχύοντας την θεωρητική θεμελίωση υφιστάμενων αλγορίθμων της εξόρυξης δεδομένων. Ειδικότερα, μέσα από μια διαφορετική λογική, η οποία βασίζεται σε έννοιες και διαδικασίες της πολυκριτήριας ανάλυσης αποφάσεων, και ειδικότερα της μεθόδου ELECTRE I της θεωρίας των σχέσεων υπεροχής, η διδακτορική διατριβή αναπτύσσει ένα νέο μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο για την εξόρυξη δεδομένων. Ενσωματώνοντας στην συνέχεια αυτό το μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο σε υφιστάμενους αλγορίθμους, δημιουργούνται ουσιαστικά νέοι, αποτελεσματικότεροι και ακριβέστεροι αλγόριθμοι, για επιμέρους διαδικασίες και εφαρμογές της εξόρυξης δεδομένων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, το προτεινόμενο μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο, εφαρμόστηκε, με τις αναγκαίες τροποποιήσεις, στις διαδικασίες της ταξινόμησης και της ομαδοποίησης κατηγορικών αντικειμένων, μέσω των μεθόδων CLEDM και CLEKMODES, αντίστοιχα. Τα καλά αποτελέσματα από την εφαρμογή των παραπάνω μεθόδων σε μια σειρά ευρέως χρησιμοποιούμενων βάσεων δεδομένων, σε συνδυασμό με την δυνατότητα επέκτασης του μεθοδολογικού πλαισίου και σε άλλες διαδικασίες της εξόρυξης δεδομένων, διαμορφώνουν ένα νέο «υβριδικό» πεδίο έρευνας. Το πεδίο αυτό, αφενός έχει την δυναμική παραγωγής συνεχώς καλύτερων αλγορίθμων για την εξόρυξη δεδομένων, αφετέρου μπορεί να εξερευνήσει εις βάθος και να τυποποιήσει περαιτέρω την αλληλεπίδραση της εξόρυξης δεδομένων με την πολυκριτήρια ανάλυση αποφάσεων. / Data mining is a new and advancing technology that helps corporations to focus on the most important pieces of information stored in their data warehouses. In particular, data mining searches for hidden patterns and is able to discover information that otherwise could be missed or overlooked by experts. During the last years, a series of data mining algorithms has been developed. These algorithms are based on different methodological patterns and they can be implemented to solve a large variety of applications. However, the effort to build more advanced and efficient data mining algorithms has never stopped. The goal of this PhD thesis is to significantly contribute to the above effort by enhancing and improving the theoretical framework of existing data mining algorithms. More specifically, a different theoretical perspective is introduced, that is based on concepts and procedures of multicriteria analysis and in particular the ELECTRE I method of the outranking relations theory. Consequently, the PhD thesis develops a new methodological framework for data mining that can be incorporated to existing algorithms. This incorporation essentially develops new, more effective and accurate data mining algorithms, for a series of tasks and applications. In particular, the proposed methodological framework was applied, properly modified, to the tasks of classification and clustering, through the CLEDM and CLEKMODES methods, respectively. The good results of these methods in a series of widely used databases, and the perspective of expanding the new methodological framework to other data mining tasks as well, are able to introduce a new “hybrid” research field. This research field has the potential of producing better data mining algorithms and furthermore the potential to thoroughly explore and further formalize the interaction of data mining and multicriteria analysis.

A Amazônia é a maior floresta tropical ainda existente no mundo e oferece diversos serviços ambientais. No Brasil, suas bacias hidrográficas são fontes do maior potencial de geração de energia elétrica ainda não utilizado por meio de usinas hidrelétricas. Nesse contexto, destaca-se, atualmente, a construção da Usina Hidrelétrica (UHE) Belo Monte como uma obra de escolha emblemática no país, marcada por diversos conflitos e que apresenta impactos diversificados que repercutirão em modificações permanentes na biodiversidade da Amazônia. Assim, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi realizar a aplicação de dois métodos MCDA - o ELECTRE III, não compensatório; e um método de abordagem em grupo baseado na Teoria de Jogos com uso do Equilíbrio de Nash nas alternativas de construção da UHE Belo Monte, visando demonstrar em que medida os métodos MCDA podem ser utilizados para a análise desse processo de tomada de decisão em grupo. Para isso, foram identificados os principais problemas envolvidos na construção da UHE Belo Monte e estruturadas duas matrizes de decisão com suas alternativas e critérios, que foram aplicadas aos dois métodos MCDA. Foi observado que a alternativa de área do reservatório de 516 km², que foi a de fato adotada na construção da UHE em questão, foi avaliada como a alternativa mais adequada na abordagem em grupo e na maioria das abordagens individuais dos jogadores para ambos os métodos. Já a alternativa de vazões muito próximas às naturais do rio, que não foi a adotada na construção da UHE Belo Monte, foi avaliada como a alternativa mais adequada na abordagem em grupo e na abordagem individual de todos os jogadores. As contribuições desta pesquisa referiram-se à realização da modelagem do problema complexo da UHE Belo Monte; à demonstração que os métodos MCDA podem consistir em uma etapa primordial na discussão de problemas complexos; a auxiliar gestores no processo decisório que, muitas vezes, têm como mecanismo de fomento de suas decisões documentos técnicos e específicos; e a possibilitar uma maior participação formal de vários tomadores de decisão. / Amazon is the largest existing rainforest in the world and offers several essential ecosystem services. In Brazil, Amazon watersheds are sources of the greatest potential of electric power supply that dam complexes have not used yet. In this context, the construction of Belo Monte Dam Complex shall be highlighted as an iconic project in Brazil, although marked by several conflicts due to its generation of permanent diversified environmental impacts in Amazonian biodiversity. This way, the general objective of this research was to analyze the application of two MCDA methods to demonstrate to what extent those methods may be used to analyze the referred decision-making process. The methods used were ELECTRE III, a non-compensatory method; and a group approach Game Theory-based method that used Nash Equilibrium on the alternatives of the construction of Belo Monte Dam Complex. Therefore, the main problems involved in the construction of the facility were identified. Also, two decision matrixes were created, with its alternatives and criteria, and applied to both MCDA methods. It was observed that the alternative concerning the 516 km2 reservoir area, which was the real one adopted in the construction of the referred facility, was considered the most appropriate alternative in group approach as well as in the opinion of most players in the individual approaches for both methods. The alternative concerning flows close to the river\'s natural ones, which was not adopted on the construction of Belo Monte Dam Complex, was identified as the most appropriate alternative on group approach as well as in the opinion of all players in individual approach. The contributions provided by this study are: the provision of the modelling of Belo Monte Dam Complex problem; the demonstration that MCDA methods may consist in a primarily step in discussions concerning complex problems; the provision of help for managers on decision-making process who often underlie their fostering decision mechanisms in technical and specific documents; and the allowance of a greater formal participation of several decision makers in the decision-making processes.

Cette thèse traite de la Vulnérabilité des réseaux face aux catastrophes naturelles. Elle part du constat que les infrastructures telles que les réseaux d’eau, d’électricité influencent considérablement les conséquences indirectes des catastrophes naturelles. Elle vise donc à modéliser la vulnérabilité dans de telles situations pour une prise de décision efficace. La démarche scientifique est divisée en deux parties complémentaires. La première traite de la vulnérabilité des dits systèmes, tandis que la seconde se concentre sur le processus d’aide à la décision à mettre en œuvre en vue de réduire la vulnérabilité. L’analyse proprement dite de la vulnérabilité repose sur la modélisation des objets de l’analyse. Pour ce faire nous adopterons une représentation par la théorie des graphes. La revue de la littérature à ce niveau nous a permis d’identifier les structures de graphe les mieux adaptées au contexte de la thèse. Dans un environnement d’analyse multi réseau, les interdépendances, c’est-à-dire les liens entre les composants d’un même réseau ou de réseaux différents-sont un facteur déterminant pour tout modèle de vulnérabilité. Nous avons ainsi proposé un modèle compatible avec la théorie des graphes. Sont distingués deux types d’interdépendances. La première est fonctionnelle (dépendance), et la seconde est dysfonctionnelle (influence). La vulnérabilité quant à elle, est déterminée par une approche basée sur la simulation. Elle est composée d’une première partie relative à l’aptitude du système à résister à l’évènement redouté ; et d’une seconde partie relative à son aptitude à se recouvrer des conditions opérationnelles après la catastrophe. Le calcul de la vulnérabilité est un point d’entrée pour assister l’analyste dans sa prise de décision. La deuxième partie aborde ce thème. Elle est elle-même divisée en deux sous parties : La première traite du processus à mettre en œuvre pour la gestion de la crise ; la deuxième du Système Interactif d’Aide à la Décision réalisé. Une méthodologie d’aide à la décision et supportée par un outil informatique. À l’ère de l’internet et des réseaux sociaux, il est envisageable de déployer l’application sur internet. / This thesis deals with infrastructure network vulnerability analysis in the natural disaster context. It starts from the observation that infrastructure such as water supply or power grid has significant influence on natural disasters’ indirect consequences. The aim is to model the vulnerability to take efficient actions. The scientific approach is divided into two complementary parts. The first one deals with the vulnerability assessment, while the second one focuses on the decision aiding process to be implemented for the assessed vulnerability reducing. The proper vulnerability analysis is based on the analysis objects modelling. In order to achieve this, we will adopt a graph theory representation. A literature review will allow us to identify the graph structure which best suits the context of the thesis. In a multi network analysis environment, interdependences, i.e. relationships between components of the same network or different networks - are a determining factor for any vulnerability model. We have thus proposed an approach to model interdependence compatible with the graph theory. There are two types of relationships: the one first is functional (dependence), while the second one is dysfunctional (influence). The vulnerability is assessed by a simulation-based approach. It is composed of one part relating to the system ability to resist the feared event; and the other part relative to its ability to be back on its nominal state after the disaster. When the vulnerability is determined, the next step will be to take the necessary decisions to manage it. This part on the decision aiding is itself divided into two sub parts: first of all the process to be used for the crisis management is established. Then a methodology for decision aiding is proposed and results on a Decision Support System development. In the age of the internet and social networks, it is possible to deploy the application on the internet.