Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006. / Title from title screen. Dabne White Dixon, committee chair; Kathryn Betty Grant, Markus W. Germann, committee members. Electronic text (252 p. : ill., charts (some col.)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed June 18, 2007. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Toledo, 2008. / Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Chemistry." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 32-37, 74-75, 112-114, 155-157, 187-188, 193).

MARTINS, Maria Gleiciane De Queiroz. Bioprospecção de proteínas da esponja marinha Aaptos sp. por análise proteômica. 2015. 67 f. : Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Fortaleza-CE, 2015 / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-07-27T14:14:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_mgqmartins.pdf: 1676608 bytes, checksum: 5949b16ede3a943dff4e0208ea167426 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-07-27T14:15:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_mgqmartins.pdf: 1676608 bytes, checksum: 5949b16ede3a943dff4e0208ea167426 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:15:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_mgqmartins.pdf: 1676608 bytes, checksum: 5949b16ede3a943dff4e0208ea167426 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Marine sponges are a rich reserve of natural substances, many of them of immense biotechnological interest. They comprise a promising group in providing bioactive compounds for humanity. Thus, research on new drugs from natural sources suggest that marine sponges have important bioactive compounds ponteciais: pharmacological, antimicrobial; antitumor; antiviral; anti-inflammatory; immunosuppressive; cardiovascular; neurosupressor; muscle relaxant and pollution biomarker. Analysis of expressed proteins is an important approach to determine the function of these molecules in a given organism. This study aimed to bioprospect proteins expressed by the marine sponge Aaptos sp. collected in Icarai de Amontada, Ceará, who may have biotechnological potential. For the realization of this approach were used as strategies the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and bioinformatics. The 2-DE is a tool used to separate proteins from different organisms. Knowing the proteins expressed in the study sponge can be established Protein patterns characteristic of the species under study. Based on the above, this study used 2DE to investigate the expressed protein Aaptos sp. In order to make the extraction of total proteins was performed using 400 mg of the marine sponge Aaptos sp. For qualitative and quantitative analysis of proteins was used the method of Bradford and SDS-PAGE, respectively. From the total protein extract was determined the two-dimensional reference map for marine sponge in the study. The adjustment of images of two-dimensional gels, the protein spot detection and evaluation of data to determine apparent molecular weight (MW) and isoelectric point (pI) of the spots was made by the ImageMaster software 7. Expressed proteins were identified using the values of pI and MM spot against a UniProt protein database available on the ExPASy server. The average number of protein spots of replicas of the gels 2DE was 124. The highest abundance proteins was observed in 2DE gels in the pH range of 4 to 6.7 and with MM between 13 to 119.67 kilodalton (kDa). From the 2DE reference gel was identified 122 proteins of which 61, 46 and 15 belong to the Cnidaria taxon deuterostomia and Porifera, respectively. The proteins identified Porifera belong to functional category: ATP binding, structural component of the ribosome, catalytic activity, GTP binding, calcium ion binding and disulfide oxidoreductase activity. The functional category binding of ATP and GTP with more spots. Adicionadamente, was expressed proteins with important molecular functions already hued in the literature but not in Aaptos sp., thus indicating the importance of these marine sponges as a source of protein information that may be studied in the future for their potential use as biotechnological tools in several areas and can be used in studies to elucidate the metabolic pathways and the development of drugs against possible pathologies. / As esponjas marinhas constituem uma rica reserva de substâncias naturais, muitas delas de imenso interesse biotecnológico. Elas compreendem um grupo promissor no fornecimento de compostos bioativos para a humanidade. Desta forma, pesquisas de novas drogas de fontes naturais sugerem que as esponjas marinhas possuem importantes compostos bioativos com ponteciais: farmacológico, antimicrobiano; antitumoral; antiviral; antiinflamatório; imunossupresor; cardiovascular; neurosupressor; relaxante muscular bem como biomarcador de poluição. A análise de proteínas expressas é uma abordagem importante para determinar a função dessas moléculas em um determinado organismo. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo bioprospectar proteínas expressas pela esponja marinha Aaptos sp. coletada no Icaraí de Amontada, Ceará, que possam apresentar potencial biotecnológico. Para a realização dessa abordagem, foram utilizadas como estratégias a eletroforese bidimensional (2-DE) e a bioinformática. A 2-DE é uma ferramenta utilizada para separar proteínas de diversos organismos. Conhecendo-se as proteínas expressas na esponja estudada pode-se estabelecer padrões protéicos característicos da espécie em estudo. Com base no exposto, neste estudo foi utilizado 2DE para investigar as proteínas expressas de Aaptos sp. A fim de fazer a extração de proteínas totais foi realizada a partir de 400 mg da esponja marinha Aaptos sp. Para análise quantitativa e qualitativa das proteínas foi utilizado o método de Bradford e SDS-PAGE, respectivamente. A partir das proteínas totais extraídas foi determinado o mapa bidimensional de referência para a esponja marinha em estudo. O ajuste das imagens dos géis bidimensionais, a detecção de spots protéicos e a avaliação dos dados para determinação massa molecular aparente (MM) e ponto isoelétrico (pI) dos spots foi feito pelo programa ImageMaster 7. Proteínas expressas foram identificadas utilizando os valores de pI e MM do spot contra um banco de dados de proteínas UniProt disponível no servidor ExPASy. O número médio de spots protéicos das replicas dos géis 2DE foi de 124. A maior abundância de proteínas foi observada nos géis 2DE na faixa de pH de 4 a 6,7 e com MM entre 13 a 119,67 quilodalton (kDa). A partir do gel 2DE de referencia foi identificado 122 proteínas das quais 61, 46 e 15 pertencem aos táxon cnidária, deuterostomia e porífera, respectivamente. As proteínas identificadas de porífera pertencem a categoria funcional: ligante de ATP, componente estrutural do ribossomo, atividade catalítica, ligante de GTP, ligante de íon de cálcio e atividade dissulfeto oxidoredutase. Sendo a categoria funcional ligante de ATP e de GTP com maior número de spots. Adicionadamente, houve proteínas expressas com importantes funções moleculares já relada na literatura, porém não em Aaptos sp., assim indicando a importância destas esponjas marinhas como fonte de informação proteica que poderão ser estudadas no futuro quanto ao seu potencial uso como ferramentas biotecnológicas em diversas áreas, podendo ser empregadas em estudos que possam elucidar as vias metabólicas bem como o desenvolvimento de fármacos contra possíveis patologias.

OLIVEIRA, Geórgia Mesquita de. Prospecção de proteínas envolvidas no amadurecimento pós-colheita da graviola (Annona muricata L.), 2011. 83 f. : Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Fortaleza-CE, 2011. / Submitted by Eric Santiago (erichhcl@gmail.com) on 2016-05-20T12:45:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_gmoliveira.pdf: 22870177 bytes, checksum: 523d913e6270072f06047beb7e1591f1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-05-20T13:10:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_gmoliveira.pdf: 22870177 bytes, checksum: 523d913e6270072f06047beb7e1591f1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-20T13:10:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_gmoliveira.pdf: 22870177 bytes, checksum: 523d913e6270072f06047beb7e1591f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / The soursop (Annona muricata L.) fruit is widely used in food, because it provides vitamins, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and other molecules for human nutrition. In recent years, soursop (exotic tropical fruit) has had a prominent position in the Brazilian economy, especially for northeastern states such as, Ceara, Alagoas, Bahia and Pernambuco. The high production of soursop fruit is mainly in the Northeast by flowering occurs throughout the year, however it is estimated that the post-harvest losses reach 50% of production, as with other native or exotic fruits. Such post-harvest losses of the product are due to the accelerated rate of development and senescence of the fruit. Although some studies on Graviola, biochemical and molecular understanding of the maturation process is very limited making it important to move forward on this knowledge to develop strategies for increasing the shelf life of fruit. In this study, we sought a better protocol for protein extraction from soursop pulp to generate two-dimensional maps and identification of potential proteins involved in post-harvest ripening of the fruit. The soursop fruit in pre-climacteric stage were collected and allowed to ripen at 25 ° C for up to 8 days. Samples of the fruit pulp were collected at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days post-harvest and used for protein extraction and establishment of two-dimensional gels (2D). Two different protein extraction methods were tested and the best one concerning performance and spots with good resolution in two-dimensional gel was chosen for protein analysis. The two-dimensional gels were analyzed using the Image Master for the identification of specific or differential spots, as well as determination of their isoelectric points (IPs) and their molecular masses (MM). The pI and MM data were used to track homologous proteins in angiosperms through searches on databases UniProtKB / Swiss-Prot and UniProtKB / Tremble featuring more than 16 million deposited information. 2D gels initially produced in the pH range 3 to 10 revealed the protein concentrated in the more acidic pHs. This fact determined the pH range 4-7 was used for better separation of spots in the following analysis. After two-dimensional gel analysis of 21 specific spots and 6 differential spots were selected. The analysis in databases allowed inferences about 26 proteins. Among these proteins, several were related to fruit ripening in other species such as proteins with expression regulated by ethylene, protein related to the establishment of the organoleptic characteristics of the fruit and proteins of energy metabolism. With respect to the metabolism of proteins glycolytic pathway, Krebs cycle and ETC were inferred. Previous studies on the participation of the alternative pathway of electrons in the ripening of climacteric graviola have been strengthened. However, this study also showed that in addition to the alternative oxidase (AOX), other components may participate in the regulation of this pathway. The results reveal possible protein targets for the development of strategies and biochemical and molecular control of postharvest ripening of soursop. / A graviola (Annona muricata L.) é uma fruta bastante utilizada na alimentação, pois fornece vitaminas, carboidratos, proteínas, lipídios, fibras e outras moléculas para nutrição humana. Nos últimos anos a graviola (fruto tropical exótico) tem apresentado uma posição de destaque na economia brasileira, principalmente para Estados do Nordeste como Ceará, Alagoas, Bahia e Pernambuco. A alta produção do fruto de graviola no Nordeste se dá principalmente pela floração ocorrer durante o ano todo, contudo estima-se que a perda pós-colheita chega a 50% da produção, como ocorre com outros frutos nativos ou exóticos. Tal perda pós-colheita do produto se deve à acelerada taxa de desenvolvimento e senescência do fruto. Apesar de haver alguns estudos sobre graviola, o entendimento bioquímico e molecular do processo de amadurecimento é muito limitado tornando-se importante avançar nesses conhecimentos a fim de desenvolver estratégias para o aumento da vida de prateleira desse fruto. No presente trabalho, buscou-se por um melhor protocolo de extração de proteínas da polpa de graviola para gerar mapas bidimensionais e identificação de possíveis proteínas envolvidas no amadurecimento pós-colheita do fruto. Os frutos de graviola no estádio pré-climatérico foram colhidos e deixados amadurecer a temperatura de 25° C por até 8 dias. Amostras da polpa do fruto foram coletadas nos tempos 0, 2, 4, 6 e 8 dias pós-colheita e usadas para a extração de proteínas e estabelecimento de géis bidimensionais (2D). Dois diferentes métodos de extração de proteínas foram testados e o que apresentou melhor rendimento e spots com boa resolução em géis bidimensionais foi escolhido para análise de proteínas. Os géis bidimensionais foram analisados através do programa Image Master para a identificação de spots específicos e ou diferenciais, bem como determinação de seus pontos isoelétricos (pIs) e de respectivas massas moleculares (MM). Os dados de pI e MM foram usados para rastrear proteínas homólogas em angiospermas através de buscas nos bancos de dados UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot e UniProtKB/TrEMBL dispondo de mais de 16 milhões de informações depositadas. Géis 2D inicialmente produzidos na faixa de pH de 3 a 10 revelaram proteínas concentradas na região de pHs mais ácidos. Tal fato determinou que a faixa de pH de 4 a 7 fosse usada para melhor separação dos spots em análises seguintes. Após análise dos géis bidimensionais 21 spots específicos e 6 spots diferenciais foram selecionados. As análises em bancos de dados possibilitaram inferir sobre 26 proteínas. Entre essas proteínas, várias estavam relacionadas com o amadurecimento de frutos em outras espécies tais como: proteínas com expressão regulada pelo etileno, proteínas relacionadas com o estabelecimento das características organolépticas do fruto e proteínas do metabolismo energético. Com relação ao metabolismo enegético proteínas da via glicolítica, ciclo de Krebs e CTE foram inferidas. Estudos prévios sobre a participação da via alternativa de elétrons no amadurecimento climatérico da graviola foram reforçados. Entretanto, nesse trabalho foi observado que além da oxidase alternativa (AOX), outros componentes podem participar da regulação dessa via. Os resultados obtidos revelam possíveis proteínas alvo para o desenvolvimento de estratégias bioquímicas e ou moleculares no controle do amadurecimento pós-colheita da graviola.

In this study, water soluble CdTe QDs of different emission wavelengths were prepared. Microwave synthesis was used to prepare CdTe QDs coated with mercaptopropionic acid (MPA). MPA ensures biocompatibility and good water solubility of QDs. Therefore QDs can be used directly in bioanalytics. Further, QDs modified with biotinylated glutathione (GSH) were prepared. In this case mercapto group (--SH) ensures a bonding of GSH to QDs surface and biotin serves as high specific linker for streptavidin, avidin or neutravidin modified analyte. Finally, peptide mediated immuno-quantum dots were prepared. CdTe QDs were coated with heptamer HWRGWVC which is able to bind Fc region of human immunoglobulin G.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-13T12:10:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-12-04. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-07-13T12:25:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000836392.pdf: 752785 bytes, checksum: f467ff6135ad2af6a39361f9faa29c0f (MD5) / O objetivo desse trabalho avaliar a ocorrência de mastite em cabras no período pós-parto e monitorar a qualidade colostral e a transferência de imunidade para cabritos que ingeriram colostro e leite de cabras portadoras de mastite. Foram coletadas amostras de secreções lácteas e sangue imediatamente após o parto, bem como às 24 e 48 horas após o parto/nascimento. O exame físico das glândulas mamárias e a avaliação macroscópica das secreções lácteas também foram realizados nesses momentos. A presença de mastite nesse período foi baixa (16,90%), e a forma mais prevalente foi à assintomática. Os Staphylococcus coagulase negativo (SCN) tiveram presentes na maioria dos isolamentos realizados (11/12). O exame físico das glândulas mamárias não revelou grandes alterações ao longo dos momentos avaliados, entretanto o teste de CMT (California Mastitis Test) mostrou-se eficaz para o diagnóstico das mastites assintomáticas no período pós-parto imediato. A contagem de células somáticas foi maior nos animais positivos à lactocultura quando comparados àqueles que tiveram resultado negativo à esse teste. Não houve diferença entre as concentrações de IgG no soro lácteo logo após a parição entre os animais com e sem mastite, entretanto os teores de lactoferrina e albumina estiveram aumentados nas secreções positivas no exame microbiológico em comparação às amostras sem isolamento. Os cabritos alimentados por colostro e leite de cabras, com e sem mastite, não apresentaram falha de transferência de imunidade. As demais frações proteicas avaliadas, não diferiram entre os cabritos alimentados com colostro e leite de cabras com e sem mastite ao longo do experimento. / The objective of this work was in addition to avaluate the occurrence of mastitis in goats in the postpartum period as well as monitor the quality and colostral transfer of immunity to goats that ingested colostrum and milk of goats suffering from mastitis. Colostrum and blood samples were collected immediately after delivery, 24 and 48 hours after delivery / birth. Physical examination of the mammary glands and the macroscopic evaluation of mammary secretions were also performed at these times. The presence of mastitis in this period was low (16.90%), and the most prevalent form was asymptomatic. The coagulase negative staphylococcus (CNS) were present in most isolations performed (11/12). Physical examination of mammary glands revealed no major changes over the periods evaluated, however the test of CMT (California Mastitis Test) was effective for the diagnosis of asymptomatic mastitis in the immediate postpartum period. The somatic cell count was higher in the positive lactocultura animals when compared to those who had a negative result on this test. There was no difference between the concentrations of IgG in whey after calving between animals with and without mastitis, however the levels of lactoferrin and albumin were increased secretions in the positive microbiological examination compared to samples without isolation. The kids fed colostrum and milk of goats with and without mastitis, showed no failure of transfer of immunity, as evidenced by concentrations of IgG found. The other protein fractions evaluated, did not differ between goats fed or not fed colostrum and mastitic milk over the periods evaluated

Piezoelectric composite materials, consisting of a ferroelectric ceramic in an electrically-inactive polymer matrix, have been shown to greatly outperform single phase materials for certain applications. A new assembly technique, which electrically controls the spatial distribution of the ceramic within the polymer, promises to enhance the sensitivity of 0-3 type piezoelectric composites. The materials so-produced have a quasi 1-3 structure and it is intended that they will exhibit some of the advantages of 1- 3 piezoelectric composites, whilst retaining the simplicity of 0-3 manufacturing. The electric field structuring technique exploits the electrokinetic phenomenon of dielectrophoresis, which is responsible for the electrorheological effect. When a suspension of ceramic particles in an insulating fluid is exposed to a moderate AC electric field, the particles polarize and as a result they exhibit a mutually attractive force. Under suitable conditions the particles assemble into 'pearl-chains', 'fibrils' or columns, oriented parallel to the applied field. If the fluid is a resin pre-polymer, this can then be cured and the newly formed structures frozen into place to form a composite material with anisotropic properties. The key process parameters are explored and the implications of employing this method to produce technologically useful materials are discussed. It is demonstrated, for the first time, that dielectrophoresis can be used to induce anisotropic dielectric and piezoelectric properties in 55%vol. fraction ceramic/polymer composites. A model composite system of pure lead titanate in an epoxy resin is considered in basic detail. A method of producing a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) powder with a narrow particle size distribution, by flux growth, has been shown to be effective. New concepts in multiphase composites are introduced, whereby chains are formed within the confines of a second immiscible fluid or where particles of two different materials are mixed in a suspension, each material having its own 'polarization signature'.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:26:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:10:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 13710.pdf: 4475928 bytes, checksum: 085de71450d1d624d06f238b8ba1835c (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado Profissionalizante em Lasers em Odontologia) / IPEN/D-MPLO / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP