This study aimed to investigate, analyze, and illuminate the perception and experiences of elite male handball players on toxic leadership in sports. The sport handball was chosen as a study object with a phenomenological approach. 9 individual interviews were conducted with 9 different elite male handball players who play in 9 different clubs in Handbollsligan, the top male division in Sweden. The chosen leadership theory was the toxic triangle theory, which entails that there need to be three different dimensions to toxic leadership: the destructive leader, the susceptible followers, and the conducive environment.  The results show that players have experienced toxic leadership. Three different aspects of toxic leadership were found and analyzed in this study. Firstly, destructive leaders exhibit abusive behavior, striving for personal power and manipulating other people within the organization. Secondly, players/followers who obey and conform to the leaders’ actions, experience negative emotions like anxiety, worry, and loss of self-esteem. Thirdly, the conducive environment that enables the leader’s destructive behavior has been discovered to be isolated, had a lack of communication, and was under the total rule of the destructive leader. In summary, this foretells the experiences of elite male handball players with toxic leadership.

In this dissertation, I examined the experiences of QuestBridge Scholars attending three different elite universities that enroll more students from the top income quintile than from the lowest three income quintiles combined. The universities attended by participants in this study are among the few that are both need-blind and that fully meet students’ demonstrated financial need through grant and scholarship aid. Additionally, these universities have acceptance rates of no more than 10%. The QuestBridge organization’s mission is to match high-achieving, low-income students with elite institutions. Data from participants were collected through an audio and video recorded interview using a semi-structured protocol. Interviews were transcribed and then coded using an iterative open coding process to identify themes. The themes that emerged were: changing relationships with family and friends from before college, finding support while enrolled, the transition from family of origin to elite higher education, experiencing privilege, campus involvement, social belonging, navigating elite higher education, and academic adjustment and impostor phenomenon. These themes suggest that QuestBridge Scholars experience something akin to class culture shock when they enter the world of elite higher education. This study is significant because it focuses specifically on QuestBridge Scholars who have been successful at a highly selective subset of QuestBridge institutions with high income disparity, where success is defined by having reached second-semester junior status or having graduated. The focus on those who attend or attended highly selective institutions and who are succeeding suggests that these students might have insights that would smooth the path for others like them. This study may also have implications for practice for highly selective institutions that admit QuestBridge Scholars and other low-income students. Finally, in this study, I explored participants’ perceptions of socioeconomic class, with results suggesting that the transition from family of origin to elite higher education causes changes in self-perception and behavior.

This dissertation evaluates the vision of empowering African elites iQ the International Church of Pretoria and suggests the ways to successfully train and empowers these Africans for the positive socio-political transformation of Africa. Such Christian empowering is so complex that it has to deal with the spiritual, psychological, intellectual and/or technical and socio-political aspects of the life of the trainee. After describing the problems that prevent these elites from behaving adequately and the portrait that can facilitate the successful selection of their trainers the dissertation proposes the guidelines of the empowering programmes for different elite groups. In the main the curriculum comprises a four-level conversion component for proper Christian life, and a psychotherapy empowerment coupled with horizontalisation for their liberation from psychological and socio-political evils, and a programme for the selection and the training of the spiritual leaders of the African elites. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th. (Missiology)

This dissertation evaluates the vision of empowering African elites iQ the International Church of Pretoria and suggests the ways to successfully train and empowers these Africans for the positive socio-political transformation of Africa. Such Christian empowering is so complex that it has to deal with the spiritual, psychological, intellectual and/or technical and socio-political aspects of the life of the trainee. After describing the problems that prevent these elites from behaving adequately and the portrait that can facilitate the successful selection of their trainers the dissertation proposes the guidelines of the empowering programmes for different elite groups. In the main the curriculum comprises a four-level conversion component for proper Christian life, and a psychotherapy empowerment coupled with horizontalisation for their liberation from psychological and socio-political evils, and a programme for the selection and the training of the spiritual leaders of the African elites. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th. (Missiology)

Habilitation--Universität, Konstanz, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 309-347).

Habilitation--Universität, Konstanz, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 309-347).

Habilitation--Universität, Konstanz, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 309-347).

Submitted by Jane Alice (janealice@ndc.uff.br) on 2013-09-19T16:39:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_COMISSOLI_Adriano.pdf: 1382294 bytes, checksum: b7a7d8283a5347576b23d402ba64179c (MD5) / Rejected by Jane Alice (janealice@ndc.uff.br), reason: Corrigir assunto on 2013-09-19T16:44:34Z (GMT) / Submitted by Jane Alice (janealice@ndc.uff.br) on 2013-09-19T17:00:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_COMISSOLI_Adriano.pdf: 1382294 bytes, checksum: b7a7d8283a5347576b23d402ba64179c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jane Alice (janealice@ndc.uff.br) on 2013-09-19T17:00:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_COMISSOLI_Adriano.pdf: 1382294 bytes, checksum: b7a7d8283a5347576b23d402ba64179c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-19T17:00:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_COMISSOLI_Adriano.pdf: 1382294 bytes, checksum: b7a7d8283a5347576b23d402ba64179c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Universidade de Passo Fundo.Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Passo Fundo, RS / O presente trabalho aborda a constituição e funcionamento da Câmara de Porto Alegre no século XVIII, destacando suas ação na administração local e na manifestação política da elite sul do Rio Grande de São Pedro. Procuramos compreender os motivos que motivaram a transferência da instituição da povoação de Viamão para Porto Alegre e se este fenômeno inaugura uma alteração nos quadros de sua elite local. Através de um estudo prosopográfico de seus oficiais buscamos conhecer as redes de poder que desenharam seu funcionamento, bem como os instrumentos de afirmação social utilizados por essa mesma elite. Paralelamente, exploramos o funcionamento da instituição a partir da ação do conselho. Por fim, abordamos as relações com diferentes esferas de poder (governo da capitania, ouvidoria da comarca), analisando a complexa articulação entre poderes local e central na constituição do império português. / This work studies the constitution and functionality of the Municipal Council of Porto Alegre in the XVIII century, detaching his action in the local administration and politic manifestation of elite of the Rio Grande de São Pedro. Our goal is the understanding of the reasons of the institution’s transference from Viamão village to Porto Alegre and if this phenomenon inaugurates a changing in the local elite staff. Based in a prosopographical study of his officials we intend to achieve the power nets that draw his operation, as well as the instruments of social affirmation used by this same elite. We seek to understand the operationality of the institution by it own action. Finally, we analyze the relation with other power instances (governor of captaincy, district magistracy), focusing the complex articulation between local and central powers in the constitution of Portuguese Empire.

There is much to learn concerning the local nobilities in Sweden. This paper attempts to answer whether or not the mayors of Kalmar are to be acknowledged as members of the local elite during the 18th century. In order to receive a deeper understanding regarding this matter, one must also investigate what significations are located within the elite terminology. All this and more will be answered with support from the latest research by Gudrun Andersson among others. By studying inventories of estate and biographical archive materials one is acquainted with fourteen early modern men who carried out their political and social careers in the city of Kalmar. Because the term elite is dependent on the different circumstances in its surrounding environment, it has been divided into four categories in this paper; political, economic, social and cultural factors. The conclusion is made that the mayors all belonged within the political elite. All of them also show some characteristics which are consistent with an economic elite, however the situation is complex and is therefore more firmly discussed in this paper. Concerning social and cultural elites, the mayors fulfill much of the requirements and the conclusion is therefore made that they most certainly are a part of the local elite in Kalmar city.

The ability of an individual to perform a functional movement is determined by a range of mechanical properties including the force and power producing capabilities of muscle, and the interplay of force and power outputs between different muscle groups (intermuscular coordination). Cycling presents an ideal experimental model to investigate these factors as it is an ecologically valid multi-joint movement in which kinematics and resistances can be tightly controlled. The overall goal of this thesis was thereby to investigate mechanical muscle properties and intermuscular coordination during maximal and submaximal cycling. The specific research objectives were (a) to determine the contribution of these factors to maximal and submaximal cycling, and (b) to determine the extent to which these factors set the limit of performance in maximal cycling. The contribution of mechanical muscle properties and intermuscular coordination were investigated by observing joint kinetics and joint kinematics across variations in crank lengths and pedalling rates during maximal and submaximal cycling. The extent to which these factors set the limit of performance in maximal cycling was assessed by observing joint-level kinetics of world-class track sprint cyclists. The findings of this investigation formed the rationale for the fourth study which used an ankle brace intervention to investigate the effects of a fixed ankle on joint biomechanics and performance during maximal cycling. Sophisticated intermuscular coordination strategies were observed in both submaximal and maximal cycling, supporting the generalised notion that high levels of intermuscular coordination are required to perform functional multi-joint movement tasks. Furthermore, it was found that the maximal cycling task is governed by the interaction of the force-velocity relationship and excitation-relaxation kinetics, suggesting that task-specific mechanical muscle properties are the dominant contributing factor in maximal movements. In terms of the extent to which these factors limit performance in maximal cycling, it was demonstrated that world-class track sprint cycling performance is governed by the ability to generate higher joint moments at the ankle and knee, and that these joint moments are facilitated by enhanced muscular strength about these joints. These findings allow us to speculate that the limits of performance in maximal human movements lie in extraordinary muscular strength in task-specific joint actions. These findings give an insight into the mechanisms that underpin maximal and submaximal cycling, and provide a theoretical framework with which to understand sprint cycling performance. This knowledge has significant applied relevance for athletes and coaches seeking to improve sprint cycling performance.