This is an Action Research (AR) study with the senior phase Technology teachers at selected schools of Limpopo Province. The study was motivated by the fact that Technology Education is a foreign concept to many teachers and a new learning area in school curriculum both nationally and internationally. This was exacerbated by the many educational changes that took place in South Africa in the last 18 years. These changes include the overhauling of curriculum, which was the strategic and symbolic change since the first democratic election of 1994, but followed by its review. Thus, a new curriculum known as Curriculum 2005 (reviewed twice already) was developed in which Technology was introduced as a new subject. These changes drastically affected Technology Education and teachers’ coping demands on both the subject content and pedagogy escalated. In this study, AR, a strategy for a systematic, objective investigation with Technology teachers’ who are un- and under- qualified to teach Technology was considered. The study aimed at establishing intervention strategies to empower and emancipate senior phase Technology teachers in Mankweng Circuit from the said challenges above. Thus, the study sought to address the question: How could action research intervention be used to improve the teaching of senior phase Technology teachers who are un- and/or under-qualified? The intervention strategies were implemented through the AR cycles in spiral activities of planning, implementation and observation, action and reflection, whose principles were operationalized to develop participants from the situations that they face in their Technology teaching contexts. The study was designed from both critical theory perspective and participatory paradigm. The following instruments were used as a means to gather data: observations, interviews, questionnaires, field notes, video recording of lesson plans and logs of meetings. The study managed to come up with guidelines to develop and kick start AR with teachers. From the ii findings an AR model was developed to emancipate the un- and under-qualified Technology teachers. Themes from the challenges and AR were used to draft a six weeks plan to empower incapacitated Technology teachers. This investigation was shaped by the initial reflection or preliminary study conducted with the participants called reconnaissance study which revealed specific challenges that Technology teachers encountered daily in their classes. These challenges were turned into the themes, which together with the findings from the preliminary study and interview reflection per cycle were used to design the intervention strategies for the next main cycle. The findings of the study from both the preliminary investigation (presented in Chapter Two) and main AR (presented in Chapter Five) reveal an improvement in the teachers’ understanding and implementation of Technology – they were emancipated to a greater extent from the challenges prior to the AR intervention and post the AR intervention. It is true that coming together as AR co-researchers was the beginning of Technology teaching practice problem identification; keeping together was progressive in Technology teaching; but working together remains our success in Technology teaching then, now and in the future – post doctoral studies. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

Although it is relatively easy to study and learn about a practice discipline in the safe environment of an academic institution, it is far more complex to make sense of what has been learned when faced with the real world of practice. Practitioners need to think on their feet and have to find new ways of managing complex problems which do not fit directly into the theoretical frameworks learned in a more formal setting. Knowledge of what the various disciplines say is not in itself sufficient, experiential knowledge is necessary. The key to learning in the experiential domain is critical reflective practice and emancipatory learning, which empower practitioners to explicate their implicit theories. If autonomy is the goal of professional education, the key is to help adult learners to distance themselves from their own values and beliefs in order to entertain more abstract modes of perception. The purpose of this inquiry was therefore, to construct a model for facilitation of critical reflective practice, based on thorough analysis of the main concepts (critical thinking and reflection), related viewpoints, models and theories; and the data gathered and analyzed during, the naturalistic inquiry. The inquirer sought to. develop each participant through Socratic & Learning Through Discussion (Dialogical) Technique, Critical Incident Reporting and participation in Critical Reflective Exercises. The constructed model for facilitation of critical reflective practice evolved from empirical observations, intuitive insights of the inquirer and from deductions combining ideas from several fields of inquiry. The model for facilitation of critical reflective practice postulates that practitioners have the inherent potential to change from auto-pilot practice to critical reflective practice. The purpose of the model is the facilitation of heightened awareness of the self, to enable health care professionals to consciously meet community needs and expectations. The desired outcome is transformative intellectuals who will strive to empower others to become critical reflective learners and practitioners. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Nursing Science)

The purpose of the research in this mini-dissertation was to explore the perceptions of teachers regarding the implementation of the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) in one of the schools in Nzhelele West Circuit. The particular area was chosen because there are a number of rural, disadvantaged schools. The study further identified and clarified the possible obstacles to the implementation of CAPS. This study was exploratory and qualitative in nature, and adopted a case study research design to investigate teachers’ perceptions of the implementation of CAPS in the chosen area. The research was performed with a sample of purposively selected participants, namely the principal, one Head of Department, and four teachers. Semi-structured interviews, observation and document analyses were the methods of data collection. Document analysis was used to corroborate the data collected through observation and interviews. The findings indicated that teachers were not ready to accept and implement the new curriculum. Although the findings highlighted the differences in their knowledge regarding the introduction of CAPS, they shared the same sentiments regarding the interpretation and understanding of CAPS content and components. Furthermore, this study revealed that some encounters impeded teachers from successfully implementing the CAPS. It was clear that teachers required comprehensive orientation and further training on the subject, as well as relevant teaching and learning support material, support and frequent monitoring, proper infrastructure, and a conducive teaching and learning environment. The findings highlighted that without the mentioned challenges, it was not possible to successfully implement CAPS. Based on the findings from interviews, observations and document analysis, the study made the following recommendations: in order to ensure effective CAPS implementation, the Department of Education and curriculum designers have to consult widely and involve teachers and parents during the planning phase. In addition, teacher development has to be a priority in the process of introducing every new curriculum, and teachers need to be monitored and supported in order to enhance the quality of teaching and learning. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / M. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

Although it is relatively easy to study and learn about a practice discipline in the safe environment of an academic institution, it is far more complex to make sense of what has been learned when faced with the real world of practice. Practitioners need to think on their feet and have to find new ways of managing complex problems which do not fit directly into the theoretical frameworks learned in a more formal setting. Knowledge of what the various disciplines say is not in itself sufficient, experiential knowledge is necessary. The key to learning in the experiential domain is critical reflective practice and emancipatory learning, which empower practitioners to explicate their implicit theories. If autonomy is the goal of professional education, the key is to help adult learners to distance themselves from their own values and beliefs in order to entertain more abstract modes of perception. The purpose of this inquiry was therefore, to construct a model for facilitation of critical reflective practice, based on thorough analysis of the main concepts (critical thinking and reflection), related viewpoints, models and theories; and the data gathered and analyzed during, the naturalistic inquiry. The inquirer sought to. develop each participant through Socratic & Learning Through Discussion (Dialogical) Technique, Critical Incident Reporting and participation in Critical Reflective Exercises. The constructed model for facilitation of critical reflective practice evolved from empirical observations, intuitive insights of the inquirer and from deductions combining ideas from several fields of inquiry. The model for facilitation of critical reflective practice postulates that practitioners have the inherent potential to change from auto-pilot practice to critical reflective practice. The purpose of the model is the facilitation of heightened awareness of the self, to enable health care professionals to consciously meet community needs and expectations. The desired outcome is transformative intellectuals who will strive to empower others to become critical reflective learners and practitioners. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Nursing Science)

SILVA FILHO, Adauto Lopes da. História, razão instrumental e educação emancipativa. 2007. 172f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2007. / Submitted by Raul Oliveira (raulcmo@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-02T16:12:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Tese_ALSFilho.pdf: 962856 bytes, checksum: 14bf55a3b5216e3480652ebf83283315 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-20T11:10:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Tese_ALSFilho.pdf: 962856 bytes, checksum: 14bf55a3b5216e3480652ebf83283315 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-20T11:10:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Tese_ALSFilho.pdf: 962856 bytes, checksum: 14bf55a3b5216e3480652ebf83283315 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / The central issue in this work is the analysis of the advanced industrial society in the Critical Theory point of view, and re-thinking the meaning of barbarism and domination that is imperative in this viewpoint. Thru Marx’s, Marcuse’s and Adorno’s thinkings, we evidence men’s active role in their historicism, as well as the educational role in this society model. For this purpose we point out Marx’s ontological presuppositions of sociohistorical men’s relations, emphasizing his conception of History and the alienation socially constructed by men themselves. We also emphasize Marcuse’s critique of the Instrumental Reason, pointing out the new individuality patterns that emerge from the technological society, as well as his defense in rescuing the negative thinking as a condition to overcome and transform this society model. We demonstrate Adorno’s analysis of the dominant social relations through culture industry, which ended destroying the individual humane dimension. Based on his analysis, we point out his claims to rescue men’s humanization enabling them to enlightenment and critical reflection, so that they can free themselves of oppression and domination circumstances. We emphasize his beliefs in an emancipatory education which conducts men to the transformation of society. Finally, our work presents Marx’s, Marcuse’s and Adorno’s contributions in making possible this emancipatory and critical education / O trabalho tem como questão central de análise a sociedade industrial avançada do ponto de vista da Teoria Crítica, no sentido de repensar o significado da dominação e da barbárie que nela impera, evidenciando o papel ativo do homem na sua historicidade, como também o papel da educação nesse modelo de sociedade, através do pensamento de Marx, Marcuse e Adorno. Para isso destaca, de Marx, os pressupostos ontológicos das relações histórico-sociais dos homens enfatizando sua concepção de história, bem como a alienação socialmente construída pelo próprio homem. De Marcuse, enfatiza sua crítica à Razão instrumental, destacando os novos padrões da individualidade, surgidos na sociedade tecnológica, como também sua defesa para o resgate do pensamento negativo como condição para superação e transformação desse modelo de sociedade. Quanto à Adorno, demonstra a análise que ele faz das relações sociais dominantes, através da indústria cultural, que culminou com a destruição da dimensão humana do indivíduo e, a partir dessa análise, a defesa que ele faz da necessidade de resgatar a humanização do homem, capacitando-o para o esclarecimento e para a reflexão crítica, a fim de libertá-lo das condições de opressão e de menoridade em que se encontra. Enfatiza sua crença numa educação emancipatória, que conduz o homem para a transformação da sociedade. Finalmente o trabalho mostra as contribuições de Marx, Marcuse e Adorno que apontam e viabilizam essa educação crítica e emancipatória

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:35:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 luciana k.pdf: 7838653 bytes, checksum: fddd5815a8c4a0bddae6ce67b0710b43 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work analyzed the textual contents of intentional sexual education books destined for children, aiming at providing studies and proposals on emancipatory sexual education. For that, interfaces between sexual education and literature were revealed; a review of emancipatory sexual education by Brazilian authors was made; a theoretical study of the five pedagogical approaches to sexual education pointed by Nunes (1996) was made, raising indicators to subside the books content analysis; and, the textual contents of selected books destined for children were analyzed, leading to categories. The methodological paths were based on the dialectical method, having as instrument documental research via content analysis. The corpus consisted of six books, two Brazilian, two Spanish and two Ecuadorian. The theoretical framework was based initially on the pedagogical approaches to sexual education coined by Nunes (1996), four of which are considered repressive and one emancipatory. The Declaration of Sexual Rights as Universal Human Rights was taken into account as it is considered an expression of emancipatory sexual education. Thus, from the approaches and the declaration, indicators were raised that supported the content analysis of the corpus. From this analysis two categories were apprehended, which are subdivided into subcategories. It is worth remembering that these categories express the very dialectical and contradictory movement that is part of human living in the world and of the (re)construction of sexuality. The first category unveiled was: "in search of the right to information, based on scientific knowledge, the contradiction of standardization norms of relations between people." This category expresses that although progress has been made in the proposed work in books for children and scientific knowledge has been valued, in some cases this knowledge is presented as normalizing a biological standard of the being and also reinforcing a standard of human relations. Arising from this category, we have two subcategories: the standardization of biological reductionism with biases in scientific information and the standardization of the heteronormative relations model. The second category unveiled was: "in search of sexual rights as human rights, marks of a construction process of emancipatory sexual education." In this category were noted various indications of the pedagogical use of the Declaration of Sexual Rights, yielding the following subcategories: marks of the right to comprehensive sexual education and the right to information based on scientific knowledge focused on affectivity and sexual self knowledge; marks of the right to sexual pleasure; marks of the right to free and responsible reproductive choices; marks of the right to sexual health with focus on sexual body safety, and marks of the right to freedom and sexual equality with a focus on respect for sexual diversity. Contradictions and improvements were perceived in sexual education for children, unveiled from the analysis of the books, as well as the importance of having a critical pedagogical outlook on their contents. The present study provides reflections on the aforementioned books that can be of great value to teachers of children, helping in the teaching process. Furthermore, the study may also impact on new teachers formation, helping them in their reflective processes about children s sexual education / Este trabalho analisou os conteúdos textuais de livros de educação sexual intencional para a infância, visando subsidiar estudos e propostas em educação sexual emancipatória. Para tanto, foram desveladas interfaces entre educação sexual e literatura infantil; realizada revisão da categoria educação sexual emancipatória em autores/as brasileiros/as; feito estudo teórico das cinco vertentes pedagógicas de educação sexual apontadas por Nunes (1996), levantando indicadores como subsídio à análise de conteúdo dos livros selecionados; e, análise dos conteúdos textuais escritos dos livros para a infância selecionados, desvelando categorias. Os caminhos metodológicos partiram do método dialético, tendo como instrumento a pesquisa documental via análise de conteúdo. O corpus da pesquisa contou com seis livros, sendo dois deles brasileiros, dois espanhóis e dois equatorianos. A fundamentação teórica partiu inicialmente das vertentes pedagógicas de educação sexual cunhadas por Nunes (1996), sendo quatro delas consideradas como repressoras e uma emancipatória. A Declaração dos Direitos Sexuais como Direitos Humanos Universais foi considerada também na análise por ser entendida como uma expressão da vertente emancipatória de educação sexual. Portanto, das vertentes e da declaração foram levantados os indicadores prévios que subsidiaram a análise de conteúdo dos livros. Dessa análise foram apreendidas duas categorias que se subdividem em subcategorias próprias, lembrando que elas expressam um movimento dialético e contraditório que é parte do viver humano no mundo e de (re)construção da sexualidade. A primeira categoria desvelada foi: "na busca do direito à informação baseada no conhecimento científico, a contradição da padronização da norma das relações entre as pessoas". Ela expressa que, embora se tenha avançado no trabalho proposto nas obras às crianças e se valorize nele o conhecimento científico, em alguns casos esse conhecimento se apresenta normatizando um padrão biológico de ser e também reforçando um modelo padrão de relações humanas. Dessa categoria brotaram duas subcategorias: a normatização do reducionismo biológico com vieses na informação científica e a normatização do modelo de relações heteronormativas. A segunda categoria desvelada foi: "na busca dos direitos sexuais como direitos humanos, marcas de um processo de construção da educação sexual emancipatória". Nela foram observados vários indícios da manifestação do uso pedagógico da Declaração dos Direitos Sexuais, originando as subcategorias: marcas do direito à educação sexual compreensiva e do direito à informação baseada no conhecimento científico com foco na afetividade e no autoconhecimento sexual, marcas do direito ao prazer sexual, marcas do direito às escolhas reprodutivas livres e responsáveis, marcas do direito à saúde sexual com foco na segurança do corpo sexual e marcas do direito à liberdade e à igualdade sexual com foco no respeito à diversidade sexual. Perceberam-se contradições e avanços na educação sexual das crianças, desveladas/os a partir da análise dos livros, bem como a importância de se ter um olhar crítico-pedagógico sobre eles. Esse estudo pode servir a professores/as da infância ao fornecer reflexões sobre esses livros, contribuindo no processo de ensino junto às crianças que lhe cabem educar. Pode também esse estudo repercutir junto à formação de professores e professoras, auxiliando-os em seus processos reflexivos sobre educação sexual da infância

This is an Action Research (AR) study with the senior phase Technology teachers at selected schools of Limpopo Province. The study was motivated by the fact that Technology Education is a foreign concept to many teachers and a new learning area in school curriculum both nationally and internationally. This was exacerbated by the many educational changes that took place in South Africa in the last 18 years. These changes include the overhauling of curriculum, which was the strategic and symbolic change since the first democratic election of 1994, but followed by its review. Thus, a new curriculum known as Curriculum 2005 (reviewed twice already) was developed in which Technology was introduced as a new subject. These changes drastically affected Technology Education and teachers’ coping demands on both the subject content and pedagogy escalated. In this study, AR, a strategy for a systematic, objective investigation with Technology teachers’ who are un- and under- qualified to teach Technology was considered. The study aimed at establishing intervention strategies to empower and emancipate senior phase Technology teachers in Mankweng Circuit from the said challenges above. Thus, the study sought to address the question: How could action research intervention be used to improve the teaching of senior phase Technology teachers who are un- and/or under-qualified? The intervention strategies were implemented through the AR cycles in spiral activities of planning, implementation and observation, action and reflection, whose principles were operationalized to develop participants from the situations that they face in their Technology teaching contexts. The study was designed from both critical theory perspective and participatory paradigm. The following instruments were used as a means to gather data: observations, interviews, questionnaires, field notes, video recording of lesson plans and logs of meetings. The study managed to come up with guidelines to develop and kick start AR with teachers. From the ii findings an AR model was developed to emancipate the un- and under-qualified Technology teachers. Themes from the challenges and AR were used to draft a six weeks plan to empower incapacitated Technology teachers. This investigation was shaped by the initial reflection or preliminary study conducted with the participants called reconnaissance study which revealed specific challenges that Technology teachers encountered daily in their classes. These challenges were turned into the themes, which together with the findings from the preliminary study and interview reflection per cycle were used to design the intervention strategies for the next main cycle. The findings of the study from both the preliminary investigation (presented in Chapter Two) and main AR (presented in Chapter Five) reveal an improvement in the teachers’ understanding and implementation of Technology – they were emancipated to a greater extent from the challenges prior to the AR intervention and post the AR intervention. It is true that coming together as AR co-researchers was the beginning of Technology teaching practice problem identification; keeping together was progressive in Technology teaching; but working together remains our success in Technology teaching then, now and in the future – post doctoral studies. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

[pt] A partir da metáfora que sugere a figura híbrida do magistrado-mediador para dar nome ao recente – e crescente – movimento em que magistrados atuam diretamente em procedimentos autocompositivos enquanto mediadores e conciliadores, busca-se estudar a pertinência ou a impertinência dessa realidade e, para tanto, submete-se essa figura híbrida a três esferas de influência, com o objetivo de analisar as reações de compatibilidade: a esfera do próprio microssistema da autocomposição, a esfera da autonomia das partes que medeiam e a esfera do próprio magistrado que, após a sua atuação em autocomposição, terá que atuar em heterecomposição. Como percurso de investigação da (im)pertinência, o trabalho propõe três estágios de análise e o faz por meio do esquema realidade>>espelho<<simbólico, no qual a realidade representaria esse nosso lado do espelho, o mundo real do trabalho, da técnica, das leis, estruturas e sistemas, já o simbólico representaria o reflexo daquele lado do espelho, ou seja, as fontes mitológicas, simbólicas e literárias que formam o senso comum da figura do magistrado e, por fim, apresenta-se o próprio espelho como função de interpretação metodológica, na qual os referenciais teóricos de Habermas – juridificação e pressupostos da ação comunicativa - e Warat – noção de senso comum, influência e o peso do simbolismo jurídico e o estudo transdisciplinar da mediação como ferramenta emancipadora – desenvolvem o raciocínio que irá ajudar a construir as respostas sobre a (im)pertinência do magistrado-mediador nas ditas três esferas de influência. / [en] From the metaphor that suggests the hybrid figure of the judge-mediator to name the recent – and growing – movement in which judges act directly in selfcompositional procedures as mediators and conciliators, we begin to study the pertinence or impertinence of this reality and, for that, the hybrid figure is submitted to three spheres of influence, with the objective of analyzing the compatibility reactions: the sphere of the microsystem of self-composition, the sphere of autonomy of the parties that mediate and the sphere of the judge himself. that, after acting in self-composition, will have to act in heterocomposition. As a way of investigating (im)pertinence, the work proposes three stages of analysis and does so through the following scheme: reality>>mirror<<symbolic, through which reality represents our side of the mirror, the real world of work, technique, laws, structures and systems; the symbolic represents the reflection on that side of the mirror, that is, the mythological, symbolic and literary sources that form the common sense of the figure of the judge and, finally, the mirror is presented as a methodological interpretation function, through which the theoretical references of Habermas – juridification and presuppositions of communicative action - and Warat – concept of common sense, influence and the relevance of legal symbolism and the transdisciplinary study of mediation as an emancipating tool – develop the reasoning that will help to build the answers about the (im) pertinence of the judgemediator in the said three spheres of influence.