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Perception of Emotion from Facial Expression and Affective ProsodySantorelli, Noelle Turini 09 June 2006 (has links)
Real-world perception of emotion results from the integration of multiple cues, most notably facial expression and affective prosody. The use of incongruent emotional stimuli presents an opportunity to study the interaction between sensory modalities. Thirty-seven participants were exposed to audio-visual stimuli (Robins & Schultz, 2004) including angry, fearful, happy, and neutral presentations. Eighty stimuli contain matching emotions and 240 contain incongruent emotional cues. Matching emotions elicited a significant number of correct responses for all four emotions. Sign tests indicated that for most incongruent conditions, participants demonstrated a bias towards the visual modality. Despite these findings, specific incongruent conditions did show evidence of blending. Future research should explore an evolutionary model of facial expression as a means for behavioral adaptation and the possibility of an “emotional McGurk effect” in particular combinations of emotions.
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The effect of emotion on brand attitude of Facebook fanpageHung, Hsuan-Hao 02 April 2012 (has links)
The expansion of Internet promotes the rise of social media. The appeal of social marketing leads the enterprises start to set up fanpage on Facebook to interact with their members.This study discusses whether the messages¡¦ emotion or the managers¡¦ emotion result in members¡¦ emotion in fanpage,and furthermore to find out the connection between members¡¦ emotion and brand attitude. This research adopts experimental method and distributes on-line questionnaire, retrieving 384 samples and analyze the data with SPSS 17.0. The results shows that the display of messages and the menagers¡¦emotional expression certainly affect menbers¡¦ positive emotion, and directly affect the menbers¡¦ brand attitude to the enterprises.This study points out the importance influence of emotion in marketing research,and provides some practical suggestions to enterprises to develop a new strategy.
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Testing emotion dysregulation as a moderator in an interpersonal process model of intimacy in couplesHerrington, Rachael 15 May 2009 (has links)
Although theorists, researchers, and therapists alike emphasize emotional
intimacy as an important aspect of a couple’s relationship, empirical data to understand
the underlying processes behind this concept are lacking. The purpose of this study is to
examine Reis and Shaver’s interpersonal process model of intimacy in a community
sample of couples and to contribute to the current understanding of constructs that may
moderate the process of intimacy. Reis and Shaver’s model suggests that vulnerable
self-disclosure by one partner, coupled with empathic responding by the other partner,
results in greater subjective emotional intimacy. Previous studies have examined this
interpersonal process model in a sample of community couples in committed romantic
relationships. The present study aims to contribute to the extant literature by testing
emotion dysregulation as a potential moderator in Reis and Shaver’s interpersonal
process model of intimacy. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze data from 108
community couples. Couples completed measures and were asked to participate in
videotaped interactions in which each partner discussed a time that someone other than
the partner hurt their feelings (low threat condition) and a time the partner hurt their feelings (high threat condition). For each interaction, partners were assigned to a
designated role (speaker or listener). Results lend support to Reis and Shaver’s
interpersonal process model of intimacy suggesting that both vulnerable self-disclosure
and empathic responding by the partner are key components to one’s subjective
experience of emotional intimacy. Results also lend support to the idea that emotion
dysregulation moderates the relation between self-disclosure, empathic responding, and
resulting post-interaction intimacy; however, when measuring how emotion
dysregulation affects post-interaction intimacy within this study, results varied based on
whose intimacy was being measured (speaker or listener) and based on the condition
(low or high threat.) Clinical implications as well as directions for future research were
discussed.
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CORRELATION BETWEEN COMPUTER RECOGNIZED FACIAL EMOTIONS AND INFORMED EMOTIONS DURING A CASINO COMPUTER GAMEReichert, Nils 09 January 2012 (has links)
Emotions play an important role for everyday communication. Different methods allow computers to recognize emotions. Most are trained with acted emotions and it is unknown if such a model would work for recognizing naturally appearing emotions. An experiment was setup to estimate the recognition accuracy of the emotion recognition software SHORE, which could detect the emotions angry, happy, sad, and surprised. Subjects played a casino game while being recorded. The software recognition was correlated with the recognition of ten human observers. The results showed a strong recognition for happy, medium recognition for surprised, and a weak recognition for sad and angry faces. In addition, questionnaires containing self-informed emotions were compared with the computer recognition, but only weak correlations were found. SHORE was able to recognize emotions almost as well as humans were, but if humans had problems to recognize an emotion, then the accuracy of the software was much lower.
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Individual differences in emotion regulation and their impact on selective attentionArndt, Jody Unknown Date
No description available.
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An emotion knowledge intervention for young children with behaviour problemsCole, Sarah Caroline January 2009 (has links)
This dissertation describes an emotion knowledge intervention which was designed and conducted with four year old children with behaviour problems. The children’s parents and preschool teachers kept daily records of the children’s noncompliances to determine if there was any change in behaviour throughout the duration of the study. The children’s emotion knowledge and vocabulary ability were assessed and their parents completed a child behaviour checklist both before and after the intervention. The emotion knowledge intervention consisted of six sessions over a three week period. During the sessions the emotions angry, happy, sad and scared were discussed with the use of storybooks and games were played that involved identifying the emotions on faces of emotion cards and the children also practiced making the faces themselves. Results indicated that the intervention did not result in an increase in the children’s level of emotion knowledge or result in a change the children’s behaviour.
Possible reasons for this lack of effect may have included an insufficient number of sessions to result in a change of emotion knowledge or the intervention may have been ineffective at increasing the children’s level of emotion knowledge.
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Ethnic and Racial Differences in Emotion PerceptionCheng, Linda 10 October 2007 (has links)
This study analyzed racial differences in the way African Americans and Caucasians perceive emotion from facial expressions and tone of voice. Participants were African American (n=25) and Caucasian (n=26) college students. The study utilizes 56 images of African American and Caucasian faces balanced for race and sex from the NimStim stimulus set (Tottenham, 2006). The study also utilized visual and auditory stimuli form the DANVA2. Participants were asked to judged emotion for each stimulus in the tasks. The BFRT, the WASI, and the Seashore Rhythm test were used as exclusionary criteria. In general the study found few differences in the way African Americans and Caucasians perceived emotion, though racial differences emerged as an interaction with other factors. The results of the study supported the theory of universality of emotion perception and expression though social influences, which may affect emotion perception, is also a possibility. Areas of future research were discussed.
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Affektens betydelse för kognitivt välbefinnande: en jämförelse mellan infertila kvinnor i Sverige och Iran : en jämförelse mellan infertila kvinnor i Sverige och Iran / Emotion and well-being in infertile women: : a comparative study between Sweden and IranAdner, Greta, Wall, Evelina January 2014 (has links)
Denna studie undersökte kulturella skillnader i emotionella och kognitiva aspekter av subjektivt välbefinnande, mer specifikt uttryckt; nivåer av positiva, negativa och balanserade känslor och hur dessa påverkar välbefinnande. Studien innefattar 212 infertilitetsdrabbade kvinnor i det individualistiska landet Sverige och det kollektivistiska landet Iran. Korrelationsanalys, regressionsanalys och One-way ANOVA användes för att besvara forskningsfrågorna. Resultaten visade ingen kulturell skillnad i kognitivt välbefinnande; men Svenska kvinnor uppgav högre känslonivåer, medan de Iranska i större utsträckning kunde uppleva motsatta känslotillstånd samtidigt. Balanserad affekt var huvudsaklig prediktor för välbefinnande i båda grupper. Resultaten diskuterades utifrån teori om individualism, kollektivism och infertilitet i relation till subjekivt välbefinnande. / This study examined cultural differences in the cognitive and emotional aspects of subjective well-being, more specifically the levels of positive, negative and balance affect and how these affect cognitive well-being. It involves 212 infertile women in the individualistic country Sweden and the collectivistic country Iran. Analyses of correlation, stepwise and linear regression as well as One-Way ANOVA were used to answer the research questions. The results showed no cultural difference in cognitive well-being, and Swedish women reported higher levels of affect while the Iranian to a higher extent experienced positive and negative emotions simultaneously. Balance affect was the best predictor for well-being in both samples.
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Individual differences in emotion regulation and their impact on selective attentionArndt, Jody 06 1900 (has links)
Studies were conducted to investigate relationships between trait emotion regulation variables (including reappraisal and suppression) and selective attention to negative emotional information. Correlation analyses of data in experiment 1 showed that trait-suppression was related to early attentional avoidance of angry faces, while reappraisal showed no relationship to attention. Experiment 2 directly compared selective attention to angry faces in groups of high trait-suppressors and high trait-reappraisers. Since reappraisers are also low trait-anxious and suppressors are high trait-anxious, low emotion regulating high- and low-anxious control groups were included. Contrary to findings from experiment 1, trait-suppressors did not have lower selective attention to angry faces than low-regulating high anxious controls. Trait-reappraisers in experiment 2 showed pronounced vigilance for angry faces compared to both trait suppressors and low-regulating low anxious controls. These results suggest that trait-suppression may reduce attentional threat biases. Conversely, trait-reappraisal combined with low anxiety may allow individuals to prioritize threat in attention.
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Defining emotion in psychology : what a historical examination of the use of introspection by early psychologists reveals about a current problemKennedy, Anna Margaret January 2015 (has links)
Research conducted on emotion by psychologists has produced numerous understandings of the concept and there is currently no consensus as to how it should be defined (Russell, 2012). Despite some general agreement among some theorists as to certain aspects, such as physiological response, eliciting events, and related facial expressions, it is a persistent issue and discussions as to how a solution may be found have recurred at various points throughout the history of psychology. Some work has been done to address the problem through the meta-analysis of various definitions and this has proved to be useful in showing the areas where psychologists might agree (e.g. Izard, 2010; Kleinginna & Kleinginna, 1981; Plutchik, 1980). There is an assumption, therefore, that with enough research and debate a solution will be found. However, this assumption neglects to take into account the changing ontological and methodological contexts through which emotion has been defined in psychological science. For this reason the current debates lack a broader contextualisation which could reveal what has influenced the production of particular definitions and the reasons why the problems of definition have come about. This thesis aims to address this gap in the literature by presenting a historical analysis of the understandings of emotion which were produced during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Although there has been a great deal of historical work produced which examines psychological theories from this time, there is little, apart from Dixon (2012) which is specifically aimed at contextualising this particular issue. In particular, this thesis will examine one respect in which emotion is often defined; as that of being a subjective experience. This understanding, whilst it most often seems to be the way in which people, if asked, define emotion (Davitz, 1970) has, historically, proved to be contentious in psychological science, perhaps because it is difficult to capture. The thesis describes the method of introspection and its use as a means to examine the subjective experience of emotion during the early years of psychology, and looks at what can be learned about the issue of definition through an understanding of the work conducted during that period. It is shown that introspective analyses often presented a picture of emotions as complex, idiosyncratic and individual experiences and that these characteristics contrasted with the assumptions of the emerging scientific psychology that emotion should be defined as structured, predictable and universal. The search for a concept of emotion which embodied the latter rather than the former characteristics is described, and it is demonstrated that the result was a variety of different conceptualisations. The thesis concludes that it is important not to view the current problem simply as one of academic differences over the veracity of definitions, but to contextualise it in relation to the psychologist’s search for a definition of emotion that assumes the characteristics of a scientific concept.
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